This paper is to report the result of using ELISA to detect HBsAg-IgM complex in the serum of patients with viral hepatitis B. A series of serum samples of 35 patients,including 29 acute,2 subacute severe and 4 chronic active cases were tested. 28 normal individuals were also tested as control.HBsAg-IgM complex was discovered in the sera of all the patients in the first one or two weeks of hospitalization. It disappeared from the sera of 24 patients (among whom 10 have been followed up for more than 3 to 6 months) who recovered completely after 4 weeks of treatment. The disappearance of the complex occurred long before the clearance of HBsAg and the returning to normal levels of other biochemical parameters. In 5 cases of acute hepatitis with the tendency to be chronic and in those subacute and chronic cases,HBsAg-IgM complex delayed to disappear and could be found in the sera even 6 months later. All the normal controls were negative.It is suggested that the detection of HBsAg-IgM complex in the serum of hepatitis B patient may be used not only as a criterion to evaluate the prognosis of acute cases but also as an index to determine whether the patient is suffering an active disease process.

Objective To study the value of serum albumin ( ALB ) level for the prognosis of late-preterm infants infection. Methods Late-preterm infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit ( NICU) from July 2012 to July 2013 were recruited and their clinical data retrospectively reviewed, including the laboratory examination results, neonatal critical illness scores ( NCIS ) , perinatal complications and prognosis. The infants were assigned into three groups based on ALB levels (＞30 g/L, 25-30 g/L, ＜25 g/L). Results A total of 257 cases were recruited and 122 cases (47. 4％) had ALB levels ＜25 g/L. 32 had neonatal sepsis ( sepsis group) , 190 neonatal infection ( infection group) and 35 without infection ( no-infection group ) . The incidences of hypoalbuminemia among these groups were 84. 4％, 50. 0％ and 28. 6％, with the mortality rate 15. 6％, 0. 5％ and 0％. The incidence of hypoalbuminemia and mortality rate in sepsis group were significantly higher than the other groups ( P＜0. 05 ) , and no statistically significant differences between infection group and no-infection group ( P＜0. 05). The ALB level in survived infants [(29. 6±7. 5)g/L] was statistically higher than the deceased ones [(20. 4±6. 9)g/L](P＜0. 05). The incidence of critically ill newborns was 65. 5％ in ALB ＜25 g/L group, significantly higher than the other groups (P＜0. 05). 26. 2％ in ALB ＜25 g/L group had more than 4 organs injuries, significantly higher than ALB ＞30 g/L group ( P＜0. 05 ) . Conclusions Hypoalbuminemia is common among neonates with sepsis. The ALB level had predictive value for the prognosis of neonatal infection.

Purpose To explore the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), PI3K, AKT and NF-κB in cervical lesions, and to in-vestigate their association with human papillomavirus ( HPV) 16 infection. Methods Immunohistochemical SP staining was performed to detect the expression of TLR4, PI3K, AKT, NF-κB in paraffin-embedded cervical tissue specimens from Uighur women with chroni-cal cervicitis, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia ( CIN) and cervical squamous cell carcinoma ( CSCC) . The HPV 16 DNA was detected by PCR. Results The positive expression rates of TLR4, PI3K, AKT, NF-κB in chronical cervicitis, CIN and cervical cancer were 32. 0%, 59. 4%, 77. 8%, 28. 0%, 56. 3%, 73. 0%, 24. 0%, 56. 3%, 79. 4%, and 8. 0%, 48. 4%, 81. 0%, respectively. The expression of them was higher in cervicitis than in CIN and cevical cancer ( P<0. 05 ) . The positive expression rates of HPV 16 in three groups were 8. 0%, 48. 4% and 81. 0% (P<0. 05). The expression of TLR4, PI3K, NF-κB and HPV 16 was related to cervi-cal cancer differentiation (P<0. 05). PI3K and AKT were significantly correlated with FIGOs’ stages (P<0. 05). NF-κB was corre-lated with lymph node metastasis. The expression of TLR4 was significantly associated with HPV 16 infection in CIN and CSCC ( r=0. 303, P=0. 015, r=0. 633, P=0. 000), and correlation with PI3K in CIN and CSCC (r=0. 254, P=0. 045, r=0. 386, P=0. 003). PI3K was associated with AKT only in CSCC (r=0. 298, P=0. 018). Conclusions The expression of TLR4 can be up-regulated by HPV 16 infection. High expression of PI3K/AKT signal pathway mediated by TLR4 may play important roles in the devel-opment and progression of CIN and CSCC, and HPV 16 infection may be a trigger factor affecting the molecular signal pathway.

Objective To explore the protective roles of Emodin in the intestinal mucosal lay of rats with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) and its mechanism. Methods SD rats (n=30) were divided into 3 groups: sham operation group, SAP group and Emodin group (SAP rats treated with Emodin). The SAP rat models were established via retrograde injection of 3%sodium taurocholate to pancreatic duct. Rats in Emodin group were peritoneally injected with Emodin (2.5 mg/100 g) at both 1 hour and 3 hour after sodium taurocholate injection. Apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cell was detected by TUNEL analy?sis. The expression of glucose-regulated protein78 (GRP78) protein was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Results Com?pared with sham operation group, apoptosis in intestinal epithelial cells and the expression of GRP78 protein were increased significantly in SAP group(P<0.05). Emodin treatment reduced AP-induced mucosal intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis (P<0.05). But there is no significant difference of GRP78 expression between SAP group and Emodin group(P>0.05). Conclusion Emodin has a protective effect on intestinal layer in rats with SAP through inhibiting intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis. However, ER stress is not likely to be involved in this protective effect.

Objective To evaluate the application and efficacy of 6S quality management methods in drug clinical trials of oncology department.Methods By using 6S (Seiri,Seiton,Seiso,Seiketsu,Shitsuke,Safety) quality management methods,quality about mastering level of good clinical practice (GCP) knowledge,sample collection and drug management etc.were controlled,and efficacy after the quality control was evaluated.Results After implemention of 6S quality management,rate of achieving GCP certificate was increased to 77.80％,accuracy rate of sample collection and accuracy rate of medicine preparation were increased to 100.00％,and the rate of relearning study protocol was increased to 100.00％,and subjects' satisfaction was improved significantly.Conclusion The implementation of 6S quality management methods could effectively enhance the quality of drug clinical trials in oncology department.

BacKground:AchaIasia of cardia is categorized into 3 subtypes by Chicago cIassification criteria defined by high-resoIution manometry( HRM). These different subtypes present different cIinicaI and esophageaI dynamic characteristics. Aims:To study the cIinicaI and esophageaI dynamic characteristics of patients with achaIasia of cardia categorized by Chicago cIassification criteria. Methods:Twenty-five untreated achaIasia of cardia patients from January 2012 to ApriI 2014 at Beijing Friendship HospitaI,CapitaI MedicaI University were enroIIed. CIinicaI data incIuding cIinicaI symptoms, manifestations of endoscopy and barium meaI radiography and data of HRM were anaIyzed retrospectiveIy. Results:Of the 25 patients,5 patients(20. 0%)were cIassified as type Ⅰ,15(60. 0%)as type Ⅱ and 5(20. 0%)as type Ⅲ. AII patients compIained as having dysphagia,and 26. 7%( 4/15 ) of type Ⅱ patients had chest pain. Incidences of regurgitation in typeⅠ,ⅡandⅢwere 60. 0%(3/5),53. 3%(8/15)and 20. 0%(1/5),respectiveIy,no significant difference was found among the three types(P>0. 05). Incidences of diIatation of esophagus in type Ⅰ,ⅡandⅢwere 60. 0%(3/5),73. 3%(11/15)and 20. 0%(1/5),respectiveIy,no significant difference was found among the three types (P=0. 11). No differences in Iength of Iower esophageaI sphincter(LES),abdominaI LES Iength,LES resting pressure, upper esophageaI sphincter( UES)resting pressure and integrated reIaxation pressure( IRP)among the three types were found(P>0. 05). Incidences of muItipIe swaIIowing and spontaneous UES reIaxation were 32. 0%(8/25)and 24. 0%(6/25),respectiveIy,no significant difference was found among the three types(P>0. 05). Conclusions:Of the patients with achaIasia of cardia ,typeⅡis more common. Large-sampIe muIticenter studies are needed for further research.

Objective To observe the diagnostic value of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein/albumin ratio (hs-CRP/ALB) in early-onset infection in premature and its clinical significance. Methods Clinical data of premature patients with high risk factors of intrauterine infection admitted to neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Liaocheng People's Hospital in Shandong Province from July 2013 to July 2015 were analyzed retrospectively. They were divided into infection and non-infection groups, as well as survival and death groups according to the outcome of the premature babies. The pre-albumin (PA), ALB, white blood cell count (WBC), platelet count (PLT), and hs-CRP at the moment of NICU admission (0 hour) and 24, 48 and 72 hours after NICU admission were compared. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted for evaluation of the predictive value of serum hs-CRP/ALB ratio for the babies during hospitalization. Results A total of 214 cases of premature infants were enrolled, with 102 cases in infection group, and 112 in non-infection group. In infection neonates, 97 of them survived, and 5 died. ① The level of hs-CRP after NICU admission was increased in infection and non-infection groups, and it was significantly higher at 48 hours in infection group than that of the non-infection group [mg/L: 22.0 (7.6, 40.4) vs. 18.3 (12.9, 23.4),Z = 5.257, P = 0.038]. Then hs-CRP was decreased in non-infection, but it was persistently increased in infection group, and it was significantly higher at 72 hours in infection group than that of the non-infection group [mg/L: 25.5 (9.8, 43.5) vs. 12.2 (1.9, 22.1), Z = 5.879, P = 0.042]. The levels of ALB and WBC in infection group was significantly lower than those of the non-infection group [ALB (g/L): 27.9±2.7 vs. 29.1±2.9, t = 5.178, P = 0.026; WBC (×109/L): 13.7±7.1 vs. 16.1±7.9, t = 4.368, P = 0.037], and at 48 hours hs-CRP/ALB in infection group was significantly higher than that of non-infection group [0.16 (0.08, 0.57) vs. 0.07 (0.00, 0.23), Z = 3.436, P = 0.042]. There was no significant difference in PA and PLT between infection and non-infection groups. ② In premature patients with infection, ALB in non-survival group was decreased (g/L: 20.4±6.9 vs. 29.6±7.5, t = 7.859, P = 0.003), and 48-hour hs-CRP and hs-CRP/ALB ratio was significantly increased when compared with that of survival group [hs-CRP (mg/L): 25.8 (15.6, 54.8) vs. 18.2 (12.9, 36.2), Z = 4.067, P = 0.043; hs-CRP/ALB: 0.31 (0.28, 0.76) vs. 0.06 (0.00, 0.21), Z = 6.102, P = 0.011].③ It was shown by ROC curve analysis that the area under ROC curve (AUC) of 48-hour hs-CRP/ALB ratio for evaluating infection was 0.765, when the cut-off of 48-hour hs-CRP/ALB ratio was 0.08, the sensitivity was 84.2%, and the specificity was 76.3%. Conclusions The values of hs-CRP and ALB can be used as effective indexes in early diagnosis of intrauterine bacterial infection, and increase in 48-hour hs-CRP/ALB can improve the sensitivity of the diagnosis. Hs-CRP/ALB can be combined to guide rational use of antibiotics.

Objective To explore the clinical manifestations of hypermastigote detected from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in children with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP).Methods The clinical data from 18 cases (7 male cases,11 female cases;the age raged from 5 months to 13 years;13 case lived in rural cottage,5 cases lived in town building;the course ranged from 2 to 60 days) of MPP coinfected with hypermastigote were retrospectively analyzed,including the symptomatic and physical examination data, laboratory test, chest imaging features, bronchoscopic manifestation imaging,treatment and prognosis.The clinical characteristics and treatment of MPP coinfected with hypermastigote were analyzed.Results Clinical symptoms showed that 18 cases had cough, 14 cases had fever and 4 cases had asthma;laboratory blood routine test detected that 13 cases had increased leukocytes,5 cases with increased eosinophils;11 cases with increased C reactive protein and 8 cases with increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate.Eleven of 18 cases received immunological examination,which showed that 3 cases had increased IgG,2 cases with increased IgM,5 cases with increased IgA,and 11 cases with decreased ratio of CD4 and CD8;bronchoalveolar lavage fluid test showed that 1 case had increased eosinophils and hypermastigote were detected in 18 cases.High density spotty shadow were seen in chest imaging.Mucosal congestion, attached with white sputamentum, longitudinal folds, floc floating and sputum bolt obstructing within the lumen were seen under the bronchoscopy.The macrolides antibiotics combined with metronidazole (5 cases received metronidazole lung lavage) were effective.Conclusions Hypermastigote is a new type pathogen isolated from the lower respiratory tract in Liaocheng.For patients with MPP who have unsatisfactory response, hypermastigote should be taken into account and combined with metronidazole in therapy for better effect.

BACKGROUND:The umbilical cord blood is rich in hematopoietic stem/progenitor cel s that have strong proliferation and differentiation ability as wel as ability to form colonies, and exert important roles in stimulating bone marrow function, improving blood cel viability and quantity, promoting immune cel maturation, and maintaining immune balance.
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the clinical effects of autologous umbilical cord blood mononuclear cel transplantation on the immunologic function and prognosis for premature infants.
METHODS:Sixty-two preterm infants who entered into NICU immediately after birth, weighing ≤ 1 500 g, were divided into treatment group and control group according to parent’s wil ingness. In the treatment group, the umbilical cord blood was extracted from the umbilical vein and re-infused into the preterm infants after density gradient centrifugation within 4 hours. The cel ular immunity levels, humoral immunity levels and clinical parameters were monitored before and after treatment.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After 1 week of treatment, the CD4, CD4/CD8 levels were significantly increased compared with the control group (P=0.01, 0.03), but CD8 level had no changes. At 1 week after treatment, IgM levels were both increased in the two groups, especial y in the control group (P=0.00);IgA levels had no changes;IgG levels were decreased, especial y in the control group (P=0.02). The incidence of severe infection during hospitalization was 13%in the treatment group, which was lower than the control group (16%), but there was no difference between the two groups. The proportion of infants undergoing mechanical ventilation and average length of stay had significant differences between the two groups (P<0.05). After 12 months, the incidence of recurrent respiratory tract infections was zero in the treatment group and one case in the control group, and there was a significant difference between the two groups. These findings indicate that autologous umbilical cord blood mononuclear cel transplantation can improve the immunologic function, slower the reduction of IgG levels, reduce the usage of breathing machine, shorten the length of stay, and reduce the incidence of recurrent respiratory tract infections in preterm infants.

Objective To explore the effect of wash pipe frequency on complications of double-lumen power peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) connected to infusion pump during continuous chemotherapy. Methods A total of 160 patients with malignant lymphoma whose PICC connected to infusion pump were divided into 4 groups by random digits table method with 40 cases each: flushing and sealing the tube once every 4 hours(group A), every 8 hours(group B), every 12 hours(group C) and every 24 hours (group D). The incidence of blocking pipe and phlebitis were observed. Results The incidence of blocking pipe were 0,2.5%(1/40) , 27.5%(11/40), 42.5%(17/40) in group A, B, C, D, the differences among them were significant, χ2= 30.870, P<0.01. There was no significant difference in the incidence of phlebitis among 4 groups, P>0.05. Conclusions Flushing and sealing the tube of PICC connected to infusion pump once every 8 hours during continuous chemotherapy seems to be appropriate and worthy of being applied clinically due to its low blocking pipe incidence, and low incidence of phlebitis.