Objective:To study the effect of endoscope on the treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) combined with biliary tract obstrucition (BTO).Methods:We have analyzed retrospectively the results of twelve patients suffering from HCC combined with BTO from 5,1990 to 5,2000.Among these cases,various reasons were found.5 of them were intrabilitary cancer embolus,7 were billary calculus.7 of them were treated with endoscope and following surgical resection,1 was treated with endoscope、TAE and resection,the 3 rest of them were solely treated with endoscope.Results:Of all the 12 cases,1 died of resection,2 failed to follow the survey,these 3 cases above took 25%;among the rest of 9 cases,2 of them survived for 3 to 6 months,3 for half to 1 year,3 for 1 to 2 year,1 for at least 2 years.Those cases suviving for more than 1 year were received surgical resection.Conclusions:We should have no fixed way but to deal with each patient of HCC combined with BTO on his/her merits.As our recognition towards them began accumulating,we found that,in the early stage of obstruction,active endoscopic treatment would prove to be preferable.If combined with other therapy such as surgical resection and TAE,Endoscopy would improve the curative effect of HCC combined with BTO substantially.

Objective To study the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms of MMP1 gene (-1607) and cyclosporine-induced gingival overgrowth ( CsA-GO ) . Methods Polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) were used to detect 42 cases of cyclosporine-induced gingival hyperplasia patients and 118 normal controls. MMP1 (-1607) 1G/2G gene polymorphism type were detected and analysised;Logistic regres-sion model was used to calculate the different genotypes and the risk of cyclosporine-induced gingival hyperplasia re-lationship. Results Cyclosporine-induced MMP1 (-1607) 3 genotype frequency distribution of gingival hyperplasiacase group had no significant difference (P=0.37) with the control group. Patients who carry MMP1 (-1607) 2G genotype occurred cyclosporine-induced gingival hyperplasia have 1.37 times risk than 1G genotype (95%CI=0.81-2.36, P=0.24), and 1G genotype and cyclosporine-inducedgingival hyperplasiaun related torisk. Conclusion MMP1 gene promoter region (-1607) 1G/2G single nucleotide polymorphism of cyclosporine -induced gingival hyperplasia may not a genetic susceptibility factor, patients who carry 2G genotype has an increased risk of CsA-GO.