Objective To establish the determination of prim-O-glucosylcimifugin in Biyan Tablets by HPLC.Methods The HPLC determination was carried out on Diamonsil C18 column(4.6 mm? 250 mm,5 ? m).The mobile phase consisted of methanol-acetonirile-H2O(18 :12 :70) with a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min,and the ultraviolet detection wavelength was set at 254 nm.Results Prim-O-glucosylcimifugin showed a good linearity in the range of 0.1888～ 1.534 ? g with the peak area score,the coefficient was 0.9997,and the average recovery was 101.74 %(RSD=2.97 %).Conclusion The method is accurate and reliable,and can be used for the quality control of Biyan Tablets.

Autophagy is a crucial biological process in eukaryotes, which is involved in cell growth, survival and energy metabolism. It has been confirmed that autophagy mediates toxicity of anticancer drugs, especially in heart, liver and neuron. It is important to understand the function and mechanism of autophagy in anticancer drugs-induced toxicity. Given that autophagy is a double-edged sword in the maintenance of the function of heart, liver and neuron, the autophagy-mediated toxicity are very complicated in the body. We provide a review on the concept of autophagy and current status about autophagy-mediated toxicity of anticancer drugs. The knowledge is crucial in the basic study of anticancer drugs-induced toxicity, and provides some strategies for the development of alleviating the toxicity of anticancer drugs.

Objective To study the galactagogue effect of Maidang Rutong Granules on the lactation rats.Methods The milk volume,morphology of mammary gland,serum prolactin level and pituitary acidophil number in lactation rats and the growth improvement in suckling mice were observed after administrating various dosages of Maidang Rutong Granules to lactation rats by gastric gavage.Results Maidang Rutong Granules can promote the dilation and hyperplasia of acinus cavity and conduit in mammary gland,reduce the mammary interlobular fat connective tissue,significantly increase pituitary acidophil number and serum prolactin level,increase the milk volume of lactation rats and their offspring's body weight.Conclusion Maidang Rutong Granules exhibit significant galactagogue effect on lactation rats.

Aberrant activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)-protein kinase B(PKB,Akt)-mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR) pathway is commonly observed in human cancer and is critical for cell survival, proliferation and differentiation.A variety of small molecule inhibitors targeting PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway are under clinical studies.This review will summarize the recent studies in terms of the PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway and cancer,research progress of the antitumor activity possessed by PI3K-Akt-mTOR inhibitors,as well as the recent research in the related field conducted by our group.

Objective To evaluate the effects of low blood sugar production index (LGI) combined with low blood sugar production burden (LGL) dietary intervention on blood glucose, oxidative stress and anthropometric indicators in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods A total of 150 cases of type 2 diabetes were randomly divided into two groups,maintain the original treatment plan of two groups,75 patients in the control group were given traditional food interchange method for dietary intervention;the experimental group of 75 patients, provide food education based on LGI+LGI food exchange method , the time period of 3 months. Fasting blood glucose (FPG)、2h postprandial blood glucose (2hPG), Glycated hemoglobin (HbAlc), Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Malondialdehyde (MDA), Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist circumference (WC) Upper arm muscle circumference (AMC), Triceps skin fold thickness (TSF) were observed before and after the intervention. Results There were no significant differences in blood glucose, oxidative stress and anthropometry between the two groups (P>0.05). After intervention, in the control group: FPG, 2hPG, HbAlc, SOD, MDA, Vitamin C, Vitamin E, BMI, WC, AMC, TSF were (10.27 ± 2.67) mmol/L, (11.51 ± 2.54) mmol/L, (8.78 ± 1.95)%, (322.73 ± 51.97) kU/L, (5.80 ± 1.76)μmol/L, (40.78±4.86)μmol/L, (19.33±4.79)μmol/L, (23.94±3.18) kg/m2, (89.57±10.23) cm, (24.10± 3.01) cm, (18.38 ± 3.79)mm respectively. In the experimental group: they were (8.76 ± 2.77) mmol/L, (10.63 ± 1.76) mmol/L, (7.96 ± 1.86)%, (357.29 ± 60.04) kU/L, (5.26 ± 1.33)μmol/L, (44.01 ± 7.06)μmol/L, (21.58 ± 5.25) μmol/L, (22.93 ± 2.75) kg/m2, (86.05 ± 10.79) cm, (22.75 ± 2.86) cm, (16.98 ± 4.48) mm respectively. There was significant difference between the two groups after intervention (t=2.049-3.769, all P < 0.05). In the experimental group, the improvement of blood sugar, oxidative stress and anthropometry was better than that of the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusions LGI combined with LGL diet intervention is better than the traditional method of food interchange, the blood glucose, oxidative stress and anthropometric indicators have improved, which can improve treatment efficacy in type 2 diabetes and easy for home self-management.

Objective To investigate the chemical constituents of Citrus medica var. sareodactylis from Sichuan province, and to provide evidence for the development and utilization and quality evaluation of the medicinal material.Methods Various chromatographic techniques were used to purify the components of this herb. Compounds were identi-fied by their physical characteristics and spectral feature. Results Seven compounds were isolated from Citrus medica var. sarcodactylis, and they were identified as sibiricol (Ⅵ), 7-methylesculetin (Ⅶ), bergapten (Ⅷ), sigmasteryl acetate(Ⅸ), 5-methoxyfurfural(Ⅹ), limonin(Ⅺ), daucosterol (Ⅻ). Conclusion Compound Ⅵ, Ⅶ and Ⅸ are isolated from plants of Rutaceae for the first time.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common forms of neurodegenerative diseases and increases in incidence with aging.Low mortality and high disability rates bring huge economic and psychological burden to society and families.PD manifested as motor symptoms and non-motor symptoms.Recent studies have shown that non-motor symptoms,such as sensory disorder,are the significant symptoms in early stages of PD and influence quality of life of PD patients.This review focuses on the characteristics and electrophysiological changes of sensory disorders (olfactory,visual,auditory,vestibule function,pain,etc) in PD patients to provide help for the early diagnosis,disease monitoring and efficacy evaluation of PD.

Objective To explore the effects of CICARE communication model combined with WeChat health education on self-management capacity, focal absorption and indexes of glucose metabolism among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) combined with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). Methods A total of 80 patients with T2DM combined with PTB at Chest Hospital of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region were selected by convenience sampling from 1st January 2016 to 31st December 2016. They were divided into control group (n=40) and observation group(n=40) with the method of the random number table. Patients in control group received conventional nursing and health education during hospitalization and at discharge. On the basis of control group, patients in observation group received nursing with the CICARE communication model along with health education by WeChat after discharge. The self-management capacity, focal absorption and effective rate, index of glucose metabolism of patients of both groups were compared six months after intervention.Results Before intervention, there were no statistically significant differences in self-management capacity and index of glucose metabolism (P> 0.05). Six months after intervention, the score of self-management capacity and effective rate of treatment in observation group was higher than those in control group. Besides, the fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2-hour postprandial blood glucose (2hPG) and glycosylated hemoglobin in observation group were lower than those in control group with significant differences (P< 0.05). Conclusions The CICARE communication model combined with the communication and propagation function of WeChat can improve the self-management and clinical symptoms. Moreover, it has a synergistic action in improving treatment effects.

Gefitinib is the well-tolerated first-line treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. As it needs analgesics during oncology treatment, particularly in the context of the coronavirus disease, where patients are more susceptible to contract high fever and sore throat.This has increased the likelihood of taking both gefitinib and antipyretic analgesic acetaminophen (APAP). Given that gefitinib and APAP overdose can predispose patients to liver injury or even acute liver failure, there is a risk of severe hepatotoxicity when these two drugs are used concomitantly. However, little is known regarding their safety at therapeutic doses. This study simulated the administration of gefitinib and APAP at clinically relevant doses in an animal model and confirmed that gefitinib in combination with APAP exhibited additional hepatotoxicity. We found that gefitinib plus APAP significantly exacerbated cell death, whereas each drug by itself had little or minor effect on hepatocyte survival. Mechanistically, combination of gefitinib and APAP induces hepatocyte death via the apoptotic pathway obviously. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and DNA damage accumulation are involved in hepatocyte apoptosis. Gefitinib plus APAP also promotes the expression of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) and downregulated the antioxidant factor, Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), by inhibiting p62 expression.Taken together, this study revealed the potential ROS-mediated apoptosis-dependent hepatotoxicity effect of the combination of gefitinib and APAP, in which the p62/Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway participates and plays an important regulatory role.

Gefitinib is the well-tolerated first-line treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. As it needs analgesics during oncology treatment, particularly in the context of the coronavirus disease, where patients are more susceptible to contract high fever and sore throat.This has increased the likelihood of taking both gefitinib and antipyretic analgesic acetaminophen (APAP). Given that gefitinib and APAP overdose can predispose patients to liver injury or even acute liver failure, there is a risk of severe hepatotoxicity when these two drugs are used concomitantly. However, little is known regarding their safety at therapeutic doses. This study simulated the administration of gefitinib and APAP at clinically relevant doses in an animal model and confirmed that gefitinib in combination with APAP exhibited additional hepatotoxicity. We found that gefitinib plus APAP significantly exacerbated cell death, whereas each drug by itself had little or minor effect on hepatocyte survival. Mechanistically, combination of gefitinib and APAP induces hepatocyte death via the apoptotic pathway obviously. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and DNA damage accumulation are involved in hepatocyte apoptosis. Gefitinib plus APAP also promotes the expression of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) and downregulated the antioxidant factor, Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), by inhibiting p62 expression.Taken together, this study revealed the potential ROS-mediated apoptosis-dependent hepatotoxicity effect of the combination of gefitinib and APAP, in which the p62/Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway participates and plays an important regulatory role.