Objective To evaluate the safety and effect of extraperitoneal laparoscopic radical prostatectomy for high-risk prostate cancer. Methods From January 2012 to August 2015, 49 patients diagnosed high-risk prostate cancer underwent extraperitoneal laparoscopic radical prostatectomy with 'sandwich' urethra reconstruction. Results None converted to open surgery and the mean operative time was (2.15 ±0.29) h, mean intraoperative blood loss was (60.25 ± 20.29) ml. No rectal injury was observed. The patients were ambulant 1 to 2 days postoperatively. Pelvic lymph nodes metastasis was found in 5 cases. Positive margin was found in 13 cases. Mild urinary incontinence oc-curred in 3 cases. Urethral stenosis occurred in 2 cases. Biochemical relapses occurred on 5 cases during the follow-ing period of 1~43 months for 46 cases. Conclusions Extraperitoneal laparoscopic radical prostatectomy is safe and effective in treatment of high-risk prostate cancer. The very key is to master the anatomy of prostate and laparoscop-ic techniques.

Bone Morphogenetic Proteins ; therapeutic use ; Calcitriol ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Electric Stimulation Therapy ; methods ; Humans ; Osteogenesis ; Osteogenesis, Distraction ; classification ; methods ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; therapeutic use ; Vitamin D ; analogs & derivatives

Glioma is the most common malignant brain tumor with high malignancy and lethality.The specific potential radiolabeled nanoparticles have been applied in the glioma research for non-invasive,dynamic,real-time and quantitative evaluation.Furthermore,radiolabeled nanoparticles have shown great potential in targeted therapy of glioma.The up-to-date application of radiolabeled nanoparticles in SPECT imaging,PET imaging,multimodality imaging and theranostics in glioma are reviewed in this article.

Acute pancreatitis(AP) is mainly caused by gallstone disease and excessive alcohol consumption.Overall, about one fifth of patients develop into severe acute pancreatitis( SAP), which is still associated with a mortality rate exceeding 30%. This type of AP is usually accompanied by necrosis of the pancreas and/or organ failure. Treatment of SAP in several aspects, such as the application of antibiotics, nutritional support, surgical time, the method of operation, are still in dispute. In recent years, minimally invasive technique is increasingly used in the treatment of SAP, and some patients may benefit from the adoption of minimally invasive surgery.This article aims to review the current progress on the treatment of SAP.

Radiation therapy is one of the main therapeutic means of thoracic malignant tumors .When re-ceived certain radiation ,lung may cause the common complication of chest tumor radiotherapy -Radiation -in-duced Lung Injury ( RILI) ,which restricts the radiation dose for the tumor region and may affect patient outcomes . RILI is closely associated with multiple cytokines ,such as interleukin family,tumor necrosis factor,transforming growth factor,etc.Currently,research on RILI control methods has also made some breakthrough ,this article elab-orates on this individually .

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical effect of steroids on reducing postoperative edema in rhinoplasty.

METHODSCochrane, Medline data, Pubmed date, were searched and updated on October 2013. Randomized controlled trials(RCTS) studies were included to assess the efficacy of steroids on decreasing postoperative edema after rhinoplasty. The methodological quality of the included studies was evaluated, and date analyses were performed using the Cochrane Collaboration's software RevMan 5.2.

RESULTSA total of 4 RCTS involved 172 patients with rhinoplasty, including 87 patients in the experimental group( steroid) and 85 paitents in control group (placebo). Meta analysis results showed the edema in experimental group was significantly less than that in the control group on postoperative day 1 and 3 (P < 0.01), while the difference was not significant on postoperative day 7 (P = 0.19).

CONCLUSIONSPerioperative application of steroid in rhinoplasty can significantly reduce periorbital edema in the first postoperative day. The edema can completely be relieved after application of steroid for 3 days. It is a safe and effective way to reduce the postoperative edema.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Radiotherapy ; adverse effects ; Tonsillar Neoplasms ; radiotherapy ; Xerostomia ; etiology ; therapy

BackgroundIt has been well-known that integrin linked kinase(ILK) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of neorascularization.But there are few researches to elucidate the relationship between ILK and retinal nevascularization. Objective This study was to explore the expression and significance of ILK on retinal neovascularization and new vessels regression in the oxygen-induced retinopathy(OIR) mouse model. Methods One hundred and twenty-eight 7-day-old C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into the normal group and model group.The mice were rose in(75±2)％O2 environment with mother mice together for 5 days and then in normal environment for 5 days to establish the OIR models.The mice in normal group were rose in the normal environment for 21 days.The 17-day-old mice were sacrificed and retinal sections were prepared for histopathological examination and the numbers of the cellular nuclei of vascular endotheliumbreaking retinalinternal limiting membranewere calculated.Retinal sections and sheeting were prepared in 12,14,17 and 21 -day-old mice to examine the formation and regression of new blood vessel using ADP histochemistry staining,and then immunochemistry,real-time PCR and Western-blotting were used to detect the expressions of ILK and its mRNA in retina. ResultsThe numbers of the cellular nuclei of vascular endothelium breaking retinal internal limiting membrane were (45.64 ± 12.17 )in OIR group,and those of the normal group were( 0.35±0.14 )with a significant difference between two groups (t =22.85,P＜0.05).Retinal new blood vessel appeared in 14-day mice,and peaked in 17-day mice and then regression in 21-day mice.ILK protein was expressed mainly in retinal ganglion cell layer,inner nuclear layer,inner plexiform layer and photoreceptor layer.Real-time PCR showed that ILK mRNA expressing levels in retina in model group were( 1.00±0.22),(1.85±0.17),(1.58±0.43) and(1.53±0.36) respectively in 12-,14-,17- and 21-day mice.Westernblotting determined that the A value of the ILK/β-actin was increased in 12-,14-,17-day mice and decreased in 21-day mice,and the A values were significantly higher in model group than the control group in various aged mice ( t =2.97,P＜0.05 ;t =11.88,P＜0.01 ;t =16.84,P＜0.01 ;t =13.00,P＜0.01 ). ConclusionsThese results indicate a space-time corresponding relation between the expression of ILK and retinal neovascularization.The obvious positive expression of ILK may be highly correlated with retinal neovascularization.

Background Fibrin glue has been utilized to adhere the graft during the pterygium excision with conjunctival autografts.Several relevant clinical randomized controlled trial(RCT) and retrospective studies have been published abroad,but the samples for its effectiveness and safety issue of fibrin glue and suture are still underinvestigation.Objective Current study was to quantificationally assess the efficacy and safety of fibrin glue versus sutures in the application of pterygium excision with conjunctival autografts.Methods Based on established search strategy,a computerized literature search was conducted to identify all citations concerning the RCT for effectiveness and safety evaluation of fibrin glue and suture for the graft fixation during the pterygium excision with conjunctival autografts from MEDLINE ( from 2000 to October,2010 ),EMbase ( from 2000 to October,2010 ),Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials ( Issue 4,2010 ),CBMdisc ( 2000 to October 2010 ),CNKI ( 2000 to October 2010 ),and the relevant conference proceedings and references searched by hand was performed as supplement.The included literature was scored with Jadad table.The Cochrane Collaboration' s RevMan 5.0 software was used for the test of heterogeneity or test for overall effect.The effective indexes,such as operative duration,recurrence rate and complication,were evaluated by Meta analysis.Results Six RCTs involving 401 eyes of 377 participants were identified.These literatures were published with English in 2004-2010 from China,New Zealand,Sweden,Israel,Turkey and Malasia and the Jadad scores were 4-5.The quantitatively analysis revealed that fibrin glue appeared to short the operative time compared with suturing method (MD =14.23 ;95％ CI:- 16.18- 12.29;P=0.00) and drop the rate of recurrence ( RR =0.49,95％ CI:0.26 -0.95 ; P =0.03 ).No significant differences were found in the rate of postoperative graft dehiscence or absence (RR =3.41,95 ％ CI:0.85-13.68;P =0.08 ).Conclusions Fibrin glue shows the good effectiveness and easy application during the pterygium excision with conjunctival autografts.Long-term follow-up of multi-central RCTs with a larger number of cases are still needed to support this conclusion.

Objective To investigate the effect of malignant tumor on neuromuscular block of cisatracurium. Methods Sixty ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients with head and neck neoplasms (15 cases with benign tumor, 45 with malignant tumor), aged 18-64 yr, were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n = 15 each): Ⅰ benign tumor group (group B,3 × ED95 ); Ⅱ -Ⅳ different dose cisatracurium group (group C1 (2 × ED95 ), C2 (3 × ED95 ) and C3 (4 ×ED95)). Neuromuscular block was assessed with accelerograph F (TOF-watch SX). Single stimulation of ulnar nerve was used. Anesthesia was induced with TCI of propofol (target plasma concentration 3 μg/ml) and remifentanil (target effect-site concentration 3 ng/ml). Tracheal intubation was facilitated with cisatracurium 0.15 mg/kg in group B, and with cisatracurium 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20 mg/kg in group C1, C2 and C3 respectively. The onset time, clinical duration, time for recovery of T/Tc to 75 % and recovery index were recorded. Results The clinical duration, time for recovery of T/Tc to 75 % and recovery index were significantly longer in group C2 than in group B (P ＜ 0.05). The onset time was significantly shorter, while the clinical duration and time for recovery of T/Tc to 75% were significantly longer in group C2 and C3 than in group C1 , and in group C3 than in group C2 ( P ＜0.05) .Conclusion The duration of action and recovery times of cisatracurium were prolonged in patients with malignant tumor.