The progress of liver surgery is characterized by precision,minimal invasion and effectiveness in the 21 st century.Establishment of painless liver surgery ward and implementation of pain management in the perioperative period are not only the central content of enhanced recovery after surgery,but also one of the core connotation in precision liver surgery research.Conducting training programs for medical staffs,emphasizing health education of pain,selecting the reasonable pain assessment strategy,combination of preemptive analgesia and multimodal analgesia in the perioperative period and paying attention to individualized analgesia are important contents of construction of painless liver surgery ward.To carry out multicentre clinical study energetically,explore clinical pathway for the construction of painless ward and perioperative analgesic model are the development orientation for the construction of painless liver surgery ward.

Objective:To evaluate the effects of Er,Cr:YSGG laser combined with NaF treatment on the acid resistance of human dental hard tissue.Methods:The enamel or dentin samples were randomly divided into four groups and prepared by different methods as follows: ①without treatment(control group),②laser irradiation(Laser group),③ treated with 20 g/L NaF solution(NaF group),④laser irradiation+ NaF solution treatment(Laser and NaF group).The samples of each group were respectively demineralized in 0.1 mol/L of lactic acid for 24 h and the calcium ion in the demineralization solution in each group was measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry.The fluoride on the surface of the samples was examined by SED-X and the ultrastructure was investigated by SEM.Results:The concentrations of Ca~(2+) dissolved from the enamel or dentin samples in NaF,laser and NaF and laser groups were significantly lower than that in the control group(P(0.05)).Only in the NaF group,the F peak appeared.SEM observation showed the lased surface showed various patterns of microirregulation with a scaly appearance,the openings of dentinal tubules were visible,but no melting or carbonization;there were lot of particles attached to the surface of NaF treated samples;the ultrastructure of the NaF and laser-treated sample surfaces was similar to that of the laser treated.Conclusion:The combined use of laser and NaF dose not have synergetic effects on acid resistance of human dental hard tissue.

Aim To elucidate the relationship between IgG antibodies and penicillin allergy.Methods Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to examine 8 kinds of specific IgG antibodies,including major antigenic determinants:benzylpenicilloyl(BPO),ampicilloyl(APO),amoxicilloyl(AXO)and phenoxomethylpenicilloyl(PVO),and minor antigenic determinants:benzyl-penicillanyl(BPA),amoxicillanyl(AXA),ampicillanyl(APA)and phenoxomethylpenicillany(PVA),in the sera of 241 patients with penicillin allergy.Results Except BPA-IgG,levels of 7 kinds of antigenic determinants IgG antibodies were significantly higher than those of control group(P

Objective To assess whether AECOPD patients can breathe independently at the PIC window and thus whether NPPV was necessary after extubation.Methods We performed a prospective observational study, we used the spontaneous breathing trial (SBT)to assess whether each patient could breathe independently at the PIC window,then performed extubation.Patients who passed the SBT received oxygen therapy only,whereas those who failed received NPPV.However,if the former showed respiratory distress,they also received NPPV.The primary out-come variables were SBT pass/fail,the demand for NPPV and rate of reintubation within 72h following extubation. Results In all,23 patients were enrolled,15cases(65.2%)of which passed the SBT.Of these,12cases (80.0%) patients developed respiratory distress after extubation and required NPPV (one of whom required reintubation).Of the eight patients that failed,one received reintubation after NPPV.The reintubation rates within 72h following extuba-tion of SBT-pass(7.0%)and SBT-fail (13.0%)(χ2 =1.476,P>0.05)patients were comparable.Conclusion Most AECOPD patients can breathe independently at the PIC window,but nonetheless develop respiratory distress and thus require NPPV following extubation.

Objective To observe the effects of nursing intervention on the treatment compliance in elderly hypertensive patients. Methods A total of 117 cases of elderly hypertensive patients were randomly divided into observation group and control group.All patients in two groups were given routine drug treatment and care.On this basis,the patients in the observation group were interfered according to the treatment compliance,such as medication time,monitoring blood pressure,health education and so on.The evaluation was done 6 months after discharge. Results The treatment compliance of the observation group was much higher than that of the control group.The treatment compliance effect of the observation group showed much better than that of the control group with significant difference(P＜0.01).In the blood pressure of admission,there was no significant difference between the two groups.The blood pressure of the observation group was significantly decreased than that of the control group after 6 months follow- up with significant difference(P＜0.05). Conclusion The nursing intervention can significantly improve the treatment compliance and antihypertensive effect in elderly hypertensive patients.

Objective To observe the effects of nursing intervention on elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD). Methods A total of 60 patients with COPD were given specific nursing intervention when their conditions were stable after the routine care. Results After 12 months of nursing intervention,their symptoms were relieved or disappeared,such as cough,sputum and shortness of breath.Physical strength improved significantly,partial pressure of oxygen elevated,carbon dioxide partial pressure reduced with significant difference(P＜0.01).Lung functions FEV1(%)and FEV1/FVC(%)were improved,and 6MWD(m)was significantly increased after intervention(P＜0.01). Conclusion The nursing intervention can significantly improve lung function and quality of life in elderly chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Objective To observe the effects of different quantities of cake-separated moxibustion on blood cells and immunoglobulin in immunosuppressive rabbits; To study the possible mechanism of quantity-effect difference. Methods Immunosuppressive rabbit model was established by intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide. Rabbits were randomly divided into blank group, model group, cake-separated moxibustion 3 Zhuang group, 5 Zhuang group, 7 Zhuang group.Liuwei Dihuang Decoction was used to make herbal-cake, and was put on Shenque (RN8), Guanyuan (RN4), and other acupoints, once for every other day, 10 times in total. Venous blood was taken on the next day after finishing treatment, and the contents of blood cells series and IgG, IgM, complement C3 and complement C4 were detected.Results Compared with blank group, the levels of WBC, NEU, RBC, HGB, HCT, PLT, IgG, IgM, and complement C3 of model group significantly decreased, while the levels of LYM and MONO significantly increased (P<0.01). Compared with model group, the increase of HCT and IgM in the cake-separated moxibustion 3 Zhuang group was not significant, the levels of WBC, NEU, RBC, HGB, HCT, PLT, IgG, IgM, and complement C3 in all treatment groups significantly increased, and LYM and MONO significantly decreased (P<0.01). Compared with cake-separated moxibustion 3 Zhuang group, the levels of WBC, IgG, and complement C3 of cake-separated moxibustion 5 Zhuang group significantly increased, and the levels of WBC, HGB and complement C3 of cake-separated moxibustion 7 Zhuang group significantly increased (P<0.01).Conclusion Cake-separated moxibustion can improve the immune function under immunosuppressive state induced by cyclophosphamide, and different quantities have differences in efficacy.

Objective To investigate peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets and NK cells changes in the diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients before and after chemotherapy,and analyse the relationship between the results and treatment.Methods Collect the 47 patients venous blood of the effective treatment DLBCL by pathology.T lymphocyte subsets and NK cells were determined by flow cytometric.Analyse the results statistically significant difference before treatment,the second chemotherapy cycle and the fourth chenmotherapy cycle compared with 50 healthy control persons.Results The levels of CD3+,CD4+,CD4+/CD8+ NK cells in DLBCL patients before chemotherapy [(70.04±8.87)％,(42.79±6.06)％,(1.68±0.59)％,(14.40±6.02)％]were lower than healthy controls [(63.89±6.67)％,(32.72±5.77)％,(0.85±0.25)％,(9.95±5.24)％](P ＜ 0.05),and the level of CD8+ cells is higher than the healthy controls [(27.21 ±6.54)％ vs.(39.92±7.11)％](P ＜ 0.05).The levels of CD3+,CD4+,CD4+/CD8+ cells had significant difference between the second and the fourth chemotherapy cycle in DLBCL patients (P ＜ 0.05).The levels of CD3+,CD4+,CD8+,CD4+/CD8+,NK cells had significant difference between the fourth chemotherapy cycle DLBCL patients and the DLBCL patients before chemotherapy (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The DLBCL patients exist immunosuppression before chemotherapy.Peripheral T lymphocyte subsets and NK cells can be used as good reflect of the cellular immune function in DLBCL patients.Clinical parameters can be used for the immune function monitoring and providing guidance for the treatment options.

Objective To investigate on the gender and age distribution characteristics of serum lipid levels among apparently healthy adult population in Beijing and analyse its related risk factors .Methods This is a prospective study.1 712 healthy individuals between 18 and 79 years old were recruited from medical examination center of Peking University Third Hospital .By strict exclusion criteria , 951 healthy individuals (429 males and 522 females) were included in our study.A calibrated automatic biochemical analyzer was used to measure TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, ApoA1, ApoB concentrations in serum.Test results were stratified by gender , age, related risk factors, and statistically analysed.Two groups of normally disthibuted data were compared using t test;multiple groups of data were compared using variance analysis . Results Results for TC (t=4.013, P<0.050), HDL-C(t=9.162, P<0.05) and ApoA1( t=8.225, P<0.05) appear generally higher in women than in men .On the contrary, males had greater levels of TG (Z=3.119, P<0.05) compared to females.There was an obvious increasing trend in TC ( F=47.984, P<0.05), TG(Chi square =146.616, P<0.05), LDL-C(F=46.024, P <0.05), non-HDL-C(F =45.027, P<0.05) and ApoB levels(F=52.020, P<0.05), as well as peaked in the 60-69 age group, decreased in 70-70 years old.The population of beneath the bachelor-degree had greater levels of ApoB ( t=5.989, P<0.05), LDL-C(t=4.445, P<0.05), TC(t=2.885, P<0.05), non-HDL-C(t=4.332, P<0.05) and TG(Z=3.346, P<0.05) compared to the group of bachelor degree or above .Meanwhile, The levels of TC(t=8.273, P<0.05), HDL-C(t=3.346, P<0.05), LDL-C(t=5.768, P<0.05), non-HDL-C(t=7.213, P<0.05), ApoA1(t=3.683, P<0.05), ApoB(t=6.267, P<0.05), TG(Z=5.626, P<0.05) of the population lived in urban area were higher than rural areas .Interestingly, the concentration of ApoA1(t=3.238, P<0.05), HDL-C( t=6.011, P<0.05) and TC(t=2.712, P<0.05) were much higher in the population of mental worker than the manual worker .BMI and waistline positively correlated with serum TG(rs=0.379, 0.443, P<0.01), TC(rs =0.160, 0.176, P<0.01), LDL-C(rs =0.238, 0.263, P <0.01), ApoB (rs =0.326, 0.371, P <0.01) and non-HDL-C(rs =0.304, 0.336, P<0.01) respectively, but negatively correlated with HDL-C(rs =-0.358, -0.386, P<0.01) and ApoA1 ( rs =-0.203, -0.209, P <0.01 ) .Conclusions The study obtained the distribution of lipid levels among apparently healthy a dult population in Beijing .It may offer objective basis for clinical risk assessment of ASCVD , and guid the clinician to choose the optimal individualized treatment .

AIM: To explore the expression of caspase -3 (cysteinyl aspartate-specific proteinase) in the neonatal rat cerebral cortex a nd hippocampal after hypoxia-ischemia. METHODS: Sham and hypoxia-ischemia (HI) groups were set up. The neonatal HI procedure was performed in 7-day-old rat pups. The double-lateral co rtex and hippocampal was subjected to pathological assessment, immunohistochemic al staining with caspase-3 antibody and half-quantitative reverse transcription and polymerization chain reaction (RT-PCR) to measure the change in caspase-3 pr otein and mRNA expression. RESULTS: Caspase-3 mRNA in ipsilateral cerebral cortex and hippo campal increased immediately after HI followed by a partial recovery. Thereafter caspase-3 mRNA and protein simultaneously increased with a maximum reached at 2 4-48 h after HI. CONCLUSION: Caspase-3 may play a key role in the development of apoptotic hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) in immature rats. Neuroprotective medicine should be used before 24-48 h after HI.