OBJECTIVE To study the rules of prelaryngeal node metastases in different glottic carcinoma in order to provide basic information for standard operation the laryngeal cancer. METHODS Prelaryngeal lymph node dissection was performed in 92 cases with glottic carcinoma.The differences of tumor staging, pathological typing, postoperative cervical or local recurrence, survival time were compared and analyzed between the groups of positive and negative prelaryngeal node. RESULTS There were 5 cases (5.4%) with positive prelaryngeal node among 92 cases. The prelaryngeal nodes in advanced laryngeal cancer (III, IV stage) was more easily to be metastasized than those in early stages (I, II), the difference was statistically significant. There was no significant difference in prelaryngeal node metastasis among different pathological types.The local and regional recurrence rates in positive prelaryngeal lymph node metastasis group were higher than those in the negative group, the difference was statistically significant. Compared with positive group, the negative group had a longer survival time,and the difference was statistically significant. CONCLUSION The rate of prelaryngeal node metastases is high in patients with advanced glottic carcinoma. Once the prelaryngeal node metastases occur, the recurrence rate will be increased and the prognosis is poor, that suggest the importance of standardized treatment.

OBJECTIVE:To establish an optimal therapeutic window concentration of CsA trough levels in renal transplant recipients on triple immunosuppressants regimen METHODS:A total 1 874 samples from 268 renal transplant recipients were measured by fluorescence polarization immunoassay(FPIA) According to the duration after operation and clinical diagnoses ,the whole blood CsA trough levels were compared among subgroups RESULTS:The optimal therapeutic window concentration of CsA was 300～400?g/L(within 1 month after operation),250～350?g/L(2nd～3rd month),150～250?g/L(4th～6th month),100～200?g/L(7th～12th month)and 100～150?g/L(more than 12 months) CONCLUSION:The above mentioned therapeutic window concentratin of CsA trough levels was ideal for renal transplant recipients with no marked acute toxic effects and rejection reaction

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of cuffed tracheostomy tube with inner cannula for the treatment of intractable aspiration after partial laryngectomy. Methods: From May 2010 to June 2015, 15 patients with intractable aspiration after partial laryngectomy of laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinoma were enrolled. Cuffed tracheostomy tube with inner cannula was used in the 15 patients for treatment of intractable aspiration. The patients and their family were trained to manage the cuffed tracheostomy tube with inner cannula and to eat since the 14th day after surgery. Cuff was initially inflated with 10 ml air and then deflated of 0.5 ml air every 2-3 days. Until the inflation of cuff was no longer required, the cuffed tracheostomy tube was replaced by metal tracheostomy tube. The patients′ swallowing function and aspiration were evaluated 6 months after treatment. Results: The 15 cases with intractable aspiration were treated with cuffed tracheostomy tube with inner cannula and after 2-3 months, 14 of them replaced the cuffed tracheostomy tubes with inner cannula by metal tracheostomy tubes and recovered oral eating, and tracheostomy tubes were no longer required for 12 of 14 patients in following 3-6 months, showing a total decannulation rate of 80% in the patients with refractory aspiration. Conclusion It was safe and effective to treat aspiration after laryngeal and hypopharyngeal surgery with cuffed tracheostomy tube with inner cannula.