Objective To evaluate the feeding effect of semi-demand feeding and abdominal massage on the feeding process, feeding performances and clinical safety (including the time of returning to birth weight, feeding tolerance, apnea). Methods A total of 120 preterm infants that met inclusion criteria of the study were randomly assigned to three groups, and each group had 40 cases. Control group:received standard feeding care. Semi-demand feeding group: received 5-10 minutes of oral motor intervention every time before feeding(including oral stimulation and non nutritional sucking), then decided feeding methods according to its consciousness behavior state. Semi-demand feeding combined abdominal massage group: received both semi-demand feeding and abdominal massage before feeding. Observed and recorded the three groups′ transition time, whether there were statistically significant differences in feeding performance and clinical safety. Results The feeding transition time was (11.55± 4.69), (10.98±3.85), (8.50±3.87)d in control group, semi-demand feeding group and semi-demand feeding combined abdominal massage group, and there were significant differences (F=6.088, P=0.003). In terms of feeding performance, the feeding efficiency were (7.27 ± 2.65), (9.74 ± 2.63), (9.52 ± 2.13) ml/min, the feeding proficiency were (66.31 ± 14.51)%, (76.64 ± 12.46)%, (82.26 ± 10.65)%, the volume transfer were (63.99 ± 11.02)%, (80.16 ± 14.41)%, (84.97 ± 11.16)% in control group, semi-demand feeding group and semi-demand feeding combined abdominal massage group, and there were significant differences (F=12.189, 16.383, 31.959, all P < 0.01).Among the clinical safety, the time of restoration of birth weight were (10.55 ± 1.99), (9.28 ± 1.77), (10.05 ± 2.46) d in control group, semi-demand feeding group and semi-demand feeding combined abdominal massage group, and there were significant differences(F=3.759, P=0.026). The incidence of feeding intolerance were 50.0%(20/40), 40.0%(16/40), 22.5%(9/40), and there were significant differences(χ2=6.613, P=0.037). The incidence of apnea were 37.5%(15/40), 20.0%(8/40), 15.0%(6/40), and there were significant differences(χ2=6.093, P=0.048). Conclusions The combined intervention methods could accelerate the feeding process, improve feeding performance as well as reduce the incidence of feeding intolerance and apnea. Hence, semi-demand feeding combined abdominal massage is a recommended choice for clinical use.

ObjectiveTo explore clinical characteristics and diagnosis of patients with granulocytic sarcoma (GS),and to evaluate the value of FCM in diagnosing it.MethodsClinical data of one patient with GS was reviewed and related literature was reviewed. ResultsThe patient was diagnosed as AML-M2,chromosomal karyotype was 46.XY, t (8;21)(q22;q22)and the AML/ETO gene was positive. Systemic chemotherapy with daunorubicin plus cytarabine was given and complete remission was received. Then a nodular in medial angle of right eye was found. Result of CT indicated the possibility of leukemia infiltration.Needle aspiration cytology was conducted and many blast cells were found by microscope.CD34+ CD117+ CD13+ CD33+CD45dim SSC+ can be found by FCM. The cytology was complete remission and minimal residual disease was negative. Finally diagnosis was GS, relapse of AML. After a systemic chemotherapy with large dose of cytarabine plus teniposide (cytarabine 6.0 g/d, d1-3;teniposide 50 mg/d, d1-3), the mass could not be touched and the follow-up was continued.Conclusion Although relapse of AML often occurs in the testicle or the central nervous system,it pay attention to the possibility of relapse of AML presenting as GS.Fine needle aspiration cytology(FNAC)combined with FCM can provide an convenient, handy, practicable and less invasive way of the diagnosis and can be a preferred detection technique.

BACKGROUND:Previous tudies have shown that the anti-aging effects of stem cel s with lycopene are more significant, and can also significantly improve the aging body immune function.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the anti-aging effects of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cel s combined with lycopene on the aging beagles.
METHODS:Sixteen aging beagles (6-7 years old) were randomly divided into two groups:aging control group and aging treatment group;young beagles (3-4 years old) were chosen as young control group. In the aging treatment group, human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cel s combined with lycopene was given;while in the other two group, an equal amount of DMEM/F12 cel culture medium and sunflower oil was given. Each dog's general conditions were observed regularly during the whole progress. The changes of superoxide dismutase,
malondialdehyde, glutathione peroxidase in the serum were detected at regular time of the whole process, and the structure changes of each organ were observed at 24 weeks of treatment.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Before treatment, the levels of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in the aging control and treatment groups were lower than those in the young control group (P<0.05), while the malondialdehyde content was higher than that in the young control group (P<0.05). However, there was no significant statistical difference between aging control and treatment groups (P>0.05). (2) For the aging treatment group at 24 weeks of treatment:the beagle fur became clearer and smoother, motility was strengthened, appetite became better;and the activity of superoxide dismutase in serum at 8 to 24 weeks of treatment increased significantly compared with before treatment (P<0.05), the activity of glutathione peroxidase significantly increased from 6 weeks (compared with treatment before, P<0.05), the malondialdehyde content decreased significantly from 4 weeks of treatment to the completion of the experiment (compared with before treatment, P<0.05). (3) After the experiment, the microscopic observation showed that compared with the aging control group, the tissues and organ structures of the aging treatment group were al clear, had no inflammatory infiltrates, no obvious necrosis and fibrosis lesions. These results were mainly consistent with the observations of young control group. The above results show that umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cel s combined with lycopene therapy on the natural aging beagles may enhance the activities of antioxidant enzymes, reduce malondialdehyde content, and their combination also can repair tissue structures and promote the functions, which has obvious anti-aging effects.

Objective To study the adjuvant immunoactivity of polysaccharides from Panax japonicus by alcohol of different concentrations;To discuss its part with the strongest adjuvant immunoactivity. Methods Polysaccharides from Panax japonicus was sunk with alcohol of different concentrations, and 30%alcohol compound, 60%and 90%alcohol polysaccharide were obtained. Different segments of polysaccharide and OVA protein were injected to mice once a week for three times for immunity. Five days after the last immunity, the mice were executed to collect blood, and the antibody titer was determined. The three parts of alcohol compound were scanned by infrared spectrum to determine the type of polysaccharide preliminarily. Results Compared with the control group, the antibody titer of different segments of polysaccharide obviously increased, especially the polysaccharide sunk by 60%alcohol. Infrared spectrum analysis showed that polysaccharides from Panax japonicus contained pyranose ring structure. Conclusion Polysaccharides from Panax japonicus has significant adjuvant immunoactivity, and polysaccharide sunk by 60%alcohol has the strongest adjuvant effects.

Objective To identify the epidemiological changes in invasive fungal infection (IFI) in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) to provide information for prevention and treatment of IFI.Methods A total of 102 cases who were diagnosed with IFI among 42 187 neonates hospitalized in the NICU of Affiliated BaYi Children's Hospital,Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital from January 1,2009 to December 31,2014 were enrolled in this study.Since January 1,2012,the divisions of our NICU were more specific and intravenous fluconazole was administered as a routine preventive measure for high-risk infants.Clinical information of the IFI cases including general features,incidence,distribution of pathogens and drug (Amphotericin B,Fluconazole,Flucytosin,Itraconazole and Voriconazole) sensitivity were analyzed between former period (January 1,2009 to December 31,2011) and latter period (January 1,2012 to December 31,2014) by Chi-square test.Results The total incidence of IFI was 2.42‰ (102/42 187),and among the 102 IFI cases,73.5％ (75/102) were preterm infants and 75.5％ (77/102) were low birth weight infants.The incidence ofIFI in the latter period was lower than that in the former period [1.8‰ (48/26 046) vs 3.3‰ (54/16 141),x2=9.329,P＜0.01].The incidences of IFI in neonates with gestation age ＜28,≥ 28-＜32 and ≥ 32-＜37 weeks in latter period were decreased as compared with those in former period [10.6 ‰ (3/284) vs 76.9 ‰ (9/117),x2=12.569;6.1‰ (13/2 134) vs 21.9‰ (28/1 277),x2=16.868;1.4‰ (12/8 706) vs 1.9‰ (10/5 256),x2=7.165] (all P＜0.01).Altogether 103 pathogen strains were identified from 102 IFI cases as one Candida parapsilosis strain and one Laurent cryptococcus strain were both isolated from one patient.The most prevalent three pathogens were Candida albicans [51.5％ (53/103)],Candidaparapsilosis [24.3％ (25/103)] and Candida glabrata [8.7％ (9/103)].The isolated rates of Candida albicans and Candida glabrata strains in the latter period were higher than those in the former period [63.3％ (31/49) vs 40.7％ (22/54),x2=5.218;18.4％ (9/49) vs 0.0％ (0/54),x2=10.868],while the isolated rate of Candida parapsilosis strain was lower in the latter period than that in the former period [12.2％(6/49) vs 35.2％(19/54),x2=7.355] (all P＜0.05).All pathogen strains were sensitive strains except one Candida krusei strain which was isolated in the former period and was resistant to Fluconazole.Conclusions Premature infants born at lower gestational ages or with low birth weights are still at high-risk of IFI,but the incidence of IFI has declined in recent years.Routine administration of fluconazole in high-risk infants in NICU could prevente IFI without increasing drug resistance.Candida albicans is the predominant pathogen ofIFI.

Objective To systematically analyze and assess the overall value of transrectal shear wave elastograpy in diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa) using Meta-analysis.Methods Relevant Chinese and foreign papers diagnosing PCa with transrectal shear wave elastograpy published before December 2016 were searched.The references were evaluated and screened according to the criteria of diagnostic research.The selected references were analyzed by Meta-Disc 1.4 and Stata 12.0 statistical software.Results Eight articles were included in the present Meta-analysis.Five of these literatures were about transrectal shear wave elastograpy in diagnosis of PCa,the summarized sensitivity (SEN) and summarized specificity (SPE) in diagnosis of PCa were 0.80 (95％CI [0.75,0.84]) and 0.75 (95％CI [0.71,0.79]),respectively;the positive likelihood ratios (PLR) and negative likelihood ratios (NLR) were 3.60 (95 ％ CI [2.57,5.05]) and 0.17 (95 ％ CI[0.08,0.37]),respectively;the area under SROC curves was 0.895.Five of these literatures were about transrectal shear wave elastograpy supplemental prostatic biopsy in diagnosis of PCa,the summarized SEN and SPE were 0.86 (95％ CI [0.83,0.88]) and 0.84 (95％CI [0.82,0.85]) respectively;the PLR and NLR were 5.81 (95％CI [3.07,10.99]) and 0.14 (95％CI [0.04,0.49]) respectively;the area under SROC curves were 0.924.Conclusion Transrectal shear wave elastograpy has better clinical value in detection of PCa and can be used to supplemental prostatic biopsy.

This study was aimed to analyze changes of content and quantity of essential oil of processing drugs of Rhizome Atractylodes and to achieve the impact of pyrolysis characteristics for using excipients, in order to offer evi-dences for further research and its processing technology. Steam distillation was used to extract essential oil in the Rhizome Atractylodes. Infrared spectroscopy and gas chromatography were used in the qualitative and quantitative analysis on constituents of essential oil of processing products of Rhizome Atractylodes. Thermogravimetric analysis was used in the comparison of pyrolysis characteristics between Rhizome Atractylodes and its excipients. The results showed that the content of essential oil was declined after processing. However, after being processed, the content of atractylodin was increased at different degrees compared to crude product. The change of atractylodin showed differ-ent tendency in different processing drugs. The atractylodin content from high to low was in the order of products stir-baked to yellowish, products roasted by bran, products prepared with rice water, crude drug. At the temperature of more than 220oC, excipients had major impact for the pyrolysis characteristics of Rhizome Atractylodes. It was concluded that the essential oil declined, but atractylodin increased after Rhizome Atractylodes being processed. It also provided experimental basis for further research on processing technology, ormulation of quality standard and improvement of processing mechanism.

Objective To discuss the protection mechanism of total saponins from Panax japonicus on acute hepatic injury induced by carbon tetrachloride. Methods HepG2 cells were used to establish CCl4-induced liver cell injury model in vitro experiments. Mouse model of acute liver injury was caused by 1%CCl4 oil on Balb/c. Mice were randomly divided into normal group, model group and medicine group. Mice in the medicine group were given a gavage with 20 mL/kg total saponins from Panax japonicus, while mice in the other two groups were given a gavage with the same amount of stroke-physiological saline solution. MTT method was used to detect the activity of hepatic cells. The pathological changes of mouse liver were examined by HE staining. RT-PCR was used to detect changes in the expression of transforming growth TGF-β, TNF-α, and TLR4 mRNA. Results Compared with normal group, less hepatic cells survived in model group (P<0.01);compared with model group, more hepatic cells survived in medicine group (P<0.01). HE staining showed that damages in liver tissues of medicine group significantly improved than those in model group. RT-PCR results showed that the levels of TGF-β, TNF-α, and expression of TLR4 mRNA increased more significantly than those in model group;the expression of TGF-β, TNF-α, and TLR4 mRNA in medicine group decreased more significantly than those in model group, with statistical significance (P<0.01). Conclusion The total saponins from Panax japonicus has a protective effect on liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride.

Objective To investigate AXIN2 mRNA expression level in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) , and to analyze the effect of AXIN2 gene methylation status on its mRNA expression and HCC genesis and development. Methods Fifty-three surgical excised HCC specimens and paired adjacent non-cancerous specimens, seven normal liver specimens and five HCC cell lines were collected. The expression of AXIN2 at mRNA level and the methylation status of AXIN2 gene promoter were determined by quantitative PCR. Results The expression of AXIN2 mRNA was lower in HCC tissues (0.1629 + 0.0679) than that in adjacent non-cancerous tissues (0. 4155 + 0. 2330), and there was significant difference (Z= -2. 567, P = 0. 010). The methylation level of AXIN2 gene in HCC and adjacent non-cancerous tissues (39. 77% ±3. 89%, and 36. 92% ±2. 81%) was significantly higher than that in normal liver tissues (7. 38% ±2. 40% , t=-3. 663 ,P = 0. 009;t= -4. 591 ,P = 0. 007).AXIN2 gene was hypermethylated in all five HCC cell lines. There was a negative correlation between AXIN2 mRNA expression level and the degree of methylation ( r = -0. 458, P = 0. 032). The methylation level was higher in TNM Ⅲ patients of HCC than that in TNM Ⅰ and Ⅱ patients (P =0.008). Conclusion The down-regulation of AXIN2 gene mRNA expression is correlated with its hypermethylation status. The low expression of AXIN2 mRNA and the abnormal methylation of promoter may be one of the important mechanism of HCC genesis and development.

To research the action mechanism of Yiqi Huayu Bushen Recipe (YHBR), a compound of traditional Chinese herbal medicine, in treating cervical syndrome (CS) with kidney deficiency in rats.