This study investigated the role of netrin-1 in placental vascular development. In vitro rat aortic ring assay and in vivo Matrigel plug assay were conducted to exmaine the effect of netrin-1 on angiogenesis. Human placental microvascular endothelial cells (HPMECs) were isolated and cultured and their viability, migration and tubular formation were studied, in order to examine the effects of netrin-1. The results showed that netrin-1 potently stimulated neovascularization in a mouse Matrigel plug in vivo and the sprouting of endothelial cells in rat aortic rings in vitro. In addition, netrin-1 enhanced the viability, migration and tube formation of HPMECs. Our study suggested that netrin-1 could significantly promote the formation of blood vessels of human placenta and may be a potential target for developing new therapeutic strategies for placental vasculature-related diseases.

Objective To investigate the effects of Netrin-1 on angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Methods We performed in vitro rat aortic ring assay and in vivo Matrigel plug assay to determine the effect of Netrin-1 on angiogenesis. Results 10 μg/L, 50 μg/L and 100 μg/L Netrin-1 stimulated microvessel sprouting from the adventitia of aortic rings and the effect reached maximum at 50 μg/L The in vivo Matrigel plug assay showed orange color change if Nestrin-1 was positive; and CD34 immunofluorescent staining showed vascular structures in the Matrigel plug with hemachrome ( 53.4 ± 7. 3 ), which was significantly higher than control ( 5. 8 ± 0. 9 )Conclusions Netrin-1 can induce angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo.

Objective To investigate the pathological features and prognostic analysis in endoscopic strip-ping microflap excision of vocal cords leukoplakia.Methods A total of 186 cases with vocal cord leukoplakia and treated by endoscopic stripping microflap excision were retrospectively analyzed,calculated the ratios of recurrence and malignant transformation on keratosis without dysplasia,mild dysplasia,moderate dysplasia and severe dysplasia and carcinoma in situ.Then,the association of histopathological classification with recurrence and malignant transformation in vocal cord leukoplakia were evaluated.Results 87 cases of all 186 patients with vocal cord leukoplakia were kera-tosis without dysplasia,17 cases were recurrenced and 3 cases were developed to carcinoma;64 cases were mild dysplasia,15 cases were recurrenced and 7 cases were developed to carcinoma;29 cases were moderate dysplasia, 13 cases were recurrenced and 10 cases were developed to carcinoma;6 cases were severe dysplasia and carcinoma in situ,all 6 cases were recurrenced and 5 cases were developed to carcinoma.Conclusion The histopathological classi-fication is predictive factor for the risk of recurrence and malignant transformation in vocal cord leukoplakia.

Preoperative diagnosis of biliary obstruction mainly depends on imaging examination.Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC) is a common method in detecting biliary obstruction.PTC combined with computed tomography (CT) could enhance the diagnostic rate.From April 2009 to April 2011,8 patients with biliary obstruction were admitted to the Shenzhen Hospital of Peking University.Contrast solution (30 ml of iodine solution at a concentration of 1.5％ -2.0％)was injected through a PTC tube,and then CT scan was performed.An iohexol contrast solution at a concentration of 300 mgl/ml was injected at a dosage of 1.5 ml/kg and at 3-5 ml/s,then the arterial phase,venous phase and delayed phase were scanned.The original data were uploaded to Vitrea 2 workstation for multiplane reconstruction,maximum intensity projection and volume rendering.The procedure was successfully performed on all patients,and the position of the biliary obstruction was identified in 7 patients.Five patients were diagnosed as with hilar cholangiocarcinoma,1 with sclerosing cholangitis and 2 with adenoma of the distal common bile duct.The patients' symptoms were alleviated after percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage.

Objective To study influence on angiogenesis of placenta by gene silencing of netrin-1.Methods Netrin-1 gene in human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVEC)and placenta of pregnant rats were silenced by RNA interference.The following methods were used in this study,including the phenytetrazoliumromide(MTT)for viability,clone formation for proliferation,transwell for migration,and tube formation for angiogenesis in vitro.The change of fetal growth was recorded.Placental microvessel density in pregnant rats was measured by immunohistochemical CD34 staining in vivo.Results (1)HUVEC:viability and proliferation of HUVEC were remarkably inhibited by gene silencing of netrin-1.which number of clone formation,migration cell,tube formation were from(69±6)%,86±17,37±9 decreased to(46±5)%,46±13 and 17±5(P＜0.05)respectively.(2)Placenta of pregnant rats:after netrin-1gene silenced,fetal weight were decreased from(2.39 ±0.17)g to(2.12±0.10)g(P＜0.05).Placental microvessel density was decreased from(258±38)/mm2 to(197±32)/mm2 in vivo(P＜0.05).Conclusions Gene silencing of netrin-1 could inhibit viability,proliferation,migration,tubal formation of HUVEC and angiogcnesis of placenta.Netrin-1 plays an important role in regulating angiogenesis in placenta.

Metal or semi-metal elements have numerous physiological and biochemical properties and have correlations with the process of occurrence and development of Zheng and Chinese herbal medicine pharmacodynamics mechanism. This article will expound the current situation of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) research based on metal elements from the researches of Zheng, medicine theory, pharmacodynamic mechanism, prescription principles, medicine concocted theory and medicine quality control in TCM. In addition to putting forward the shortages of current researches, we also introduce metallomics, the member of Omics in systems biology to offer a new idea for modernization of TCM based on metal elements.

Objective To investigate the criteria for assessing the clinical therapeutic effect of chronic urticaria in China.Methods The application of criteria for assessing the clinical therapeutic effect of chronic urticaria in China and their applicable scope were analyzed by frequency analysis and K-means clustering analysis, respectively.Results The criteria for assessing symptoms and therapeutic effect were different in the 857 papers included in this study. SSRI was used in 549 (64.17) out of the 857 papers included in this study.K-means clustering analysis showed that the applicable scope of SSRI with curative rate ( 100%≥SSRI>90%) , improvement rate ( 90%≥SSR<60%) , Significant effect rate (60%≥SSRI>20%) , and no response rate (20%≥SSR≥0%) as its criteria was wider than that of frequency analysis.Conclusion The criteria for the clinical assessment of chronic urticaria and its drug treatment effect should be unified and standardized.

Objective To explore the value of image fusion guided contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) in detecting liver nodules with abnormal blood supply missed by ultrasonography (US) and CEUS.Methods In 35 patients with HBV cirrhosis,forty-two liver nodules with abnormal blood supply which were missed by US and CEUS but detected by contrast-enhanced CT/MRI were analyzed retrospectively.Image fusion guided CEUS was performed after ultrasound and contrast enhanced CT/MRI images were fused.The fusion time,technical success rate,nodule detection rate and diagnosis accuracy rate were analyzed.Results Image fusion was underwent successfully in all 35 patients,the technical success rate was 100％.Average fusion time was (4.1-± 1.8)min(1-17 min).Forty liver nodules with abnormal blood supply were detected by image fusion guided CEUS,and the detection rate was 95.2％ (40/42).One nodule located at the top of right liver was missed because of the influence of lung gas,the other one was invisible due to its deep position.The diagnosis accuracy rate of image fusion guided CEUS was 97.5 ％ (39/40),and two nodules misdiagnosed by contrast-enhanced CT were diagnosed correctly by image fusion guided CEUS.Conclusions Image fusion guided CEUS had a high detection rate and diagnosis accuracy rate for liver nodules with abnormal blood supply missed by US and CEUS.It can improve the clinical diagnosis and guide interventional procedures.

Objective:To reveal the abnormal topology of brain network in Alzheimer′s disease (AD), and evaluate the laterality of tau protein deposition in brains of AD patients based on 18F-APN-1607 PET brain imaging combined with graph theory. Methods:From November 2018 to January 2020, 23 clinically diagnosed AD patients (9 males, 14 females; age (61.3±10.7) years) and 13 normal controls (NC) (9 males, 4 females; age (61.6±4.5) years) who underwent 18F-APN-1607 PET imaging in Huashan Hospital, Fudan University were analyzed in this cross-sectional study. The brain network analysis method based on graph theory was used to construct the tau network of the NC group and the AD group, the network attributes (clustering coefficient, shortest path length, local efficiency, and small-worldness) were calculated, and the asymmetry index (AI) of each group to evaluate the laterality of tau protein deposition was obtained. Permutation test (1 000 times) was used to analyze the differences in brain network parameters between the NC group and the AD group. Results:The tau network of the AD group had obvious topological disorder, and the connections in the olfactory cortex and temporal lobe were weakened, while in the posterior cingulate gyrus, anterior wedge, and parietal occipital lobe, the connections were enhanced. Compared with NC group, clustering coefficient ( t values: 2.28-2.69), local efficiency ( t values: 2.34-3.06) and small-worldness ( t values: 2.26-3.32) were significantly decreased in AD group (all P<0.05) with the sparsity of 20%-50%, while the shortest path length was significantly increased ( t values: 2.13-2.85; all P<0.05). There was significant tau laterality in the posterior cingulate gyrus, superior parietal gyrus, paracentral lobule, superior temporal gyrus and middle temporal gyrus (AI: 10.5%(8.1%, 13.9%), 14.1%(7.6%, 20.3%), -12.4%(-15.7%, -7.8%), -10.8%(-15.3%, -2.1%) , -12.1%(-17.9%, -6.6%), respectively). Conclusion:The tau network analysis based on 18F-APN-1607 may be used to reveal abnormal topological changes of AD patients, and the tau deposition in the posterior cingulate gyrus, superior parietal gyrus, paracentral lobule, superior temporal gyrus and middle temporal gyrus has obvious laterality in AD patients.

Objective To determine the incidence and risk factors of acute kidney injury (AKI) in respiratory failure patients.Method Clinical data of 235 patients diagnosed as respiratory failure admitted in respiratory division and internal medicine intensive care unit in Renji Hospital from January 2006 to December 2008 were analyzed retrospectively.Patients'demographics,clinical data and laboratory examinations before and after respiratory failure were collected.The incidence,clinical risk factors and hospital mortality of AKI in the respiratory failure patients were analyzed.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the independent risk factors of AKI in these patients.Results Of the total 235 patients,the average age was (70.05±12.85) years old,the ratio of male to female was 1.90:1.Seventy-seven patients developed AKI and the incidence was 32.8％.The incidence of AKI in those with hypertension (44.4％ vs 26.6％,P＜0.01) or chronic kidney disease(66.7％ vs 31.3％,P＜0.01) was significantly higher.The incidence of AKI in patients with mechanical ventilation was much higher than those without mechanical ventilation(44.8％ vs 13.3％,P＜0.01).The incidence of multi-organ system failure (33.8％ vs 5.7％,P＜0.01),the failure of weaning from mechanical ventilation(69.2％vs 32.5％,P＜0.01) and the mortality (51.9％ vs 13.3％,P＜0.01) in AK1 patients were higher than those without AKI.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age (OR=1.668),anemia (OR=0.980),baseline serum creatinine (OR=1.071) and mechanical ventilation (OR=3.222) were independent risk factors of AKI.Conclusions Incidence and mortality of AKI are quite high in respiratory failure patients.Age,baseline serum creatinine,anemia and mechanical ventilation are independent risk factors of AKI.