AIM: To explore the clinical significance of detecting sCD44s and sCD44v6 in breast carcinoma.METHODS: Levels of serum soluble CD44 standard (sCD44s) and CD44 variant 6(sCD44v6) were detected by ELISA in 38 cases of breast cancer, 15 cases of benign breast diseases and 40 normal controls. RESULTS:The serum levels of sCD44s and sCD44v6 were significantly higher in patients with breast cancer than those with benign disease or normal controls. The serum concentrations of sCD44s and sCD44v6 in patients with stage Ⅲ, Ⅳ were significantly higher than those in patients with stage Ⅰ, Ⅱ(P

Clinical data of 23 elderly patients with rectal cancer undergoing trans-sphincteric local resection(TSLR, Mason's operation)were retrospectively analyzed. All the 23 patients were followed-up for three to seven years after operation, 18 with normal or good fecal continence(78%), five just in fair condition(22%)and none in fecal incontinence. Three-year survival was 83 percent(19/23)and 5-year survival was 78 percent(18/23)for them. It is suggested that TSLR is a safe, feasible and effective treatment for middle and low rectal cancer in the elderly with a long term survival and satisfactory quality of life.

Objective To study the pathologic feature and rational diagnosis and treatment of Mirizzi Syndrome. Method The clinical data of 43 cases treated by surgery were retrospectively analysed. Results All the 43 cases underwent operation, including partial cholecystecomy in 8 cases, cholecystectomy in 16cases , cholecystectomy plus common bile duct exploration with T tube drainage in 9 cases, choledochojejunostomy in 10 cases. Of the 43 cases, 36 cases were followed up for 1～5 years. Of them, 29 cases were in excellent, 6 cases in good and 1 case in poor. Conclusions The pathologic type of Mirizzi Syndrome is variant. It is difficult to make a definite diagnoses before operation. So vary imaginal technique should be adopted. Different operative procedures should be used according to patients' pathologic type.

ObjectiveTo observe the effects of parenteral nutrition (PN) containing ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3PUFAs) on postoperative systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) in patients with obstructive jaundice. MethodsTotally 40 patients with obstructive jaundice who underwent hepatobiliary surgery in the Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College from June 2008 to October 2009 were enrolled in this study and randomly divided into the conventional PN group and PUFAs group with 20 cases in each group. The conventional PN group was provided with medium-chain/long-chain triglycerides lipid emulsion, while the PUFAs group was provided with medium-chain/long-chain triglycerides lipid emulsion supplemented with ω-3PUFAs. The two groups received PN support with equal nitrogen content and calories for 9 days. The non-protein caloric value given was 117.15 kJ/(kg · d) with 0.2 g/(kg · d) of nitrogen. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-c) in serum were measured on the day before operation and on the postoperative day 1,3, 5, 7, and 9. Meanwhile, the incidences of SIRS and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) were analyzed. ResultsThe levels of IL-6, CRP, and TNF-α on the postoperative day 3, 5, 7, and 9 were significantly lower in the PUFAs group than those in the conventional PN group ( all P ＜ 0.05). The duration of SIRS in the PUFAs group [(3.85 ±2.36) days] was significantly shorter than that in the conventional PN group [(5.31 ±1.47 ) days, P =0.0230]. The incidence of MODS was significantly lower in the PUFAs group ( 10％ ) than that in the conventional PN group (25％, P =0.0076). Conclusionsω-3PUFAs-supplemented PN improves the functions of liver and pancreas and alleviates acute inflammatory response in patients with obstructive jaundice.

Objective To investigate the effect of reinfusion of drained bile and pancreatic juice on the outcome of pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD).Methods The clinical data of 51 patients who received PD at the Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College from June 2005 to March 2009 were retrospectively analyzed.Nineteen patients received external drainage of bile and pancreatic juice ( ED group) and the other 32 patients received external drainage and intraintestinal administration of autologous bile and pancreatic juice (ID group).The daily volume of output of bile and pancreatic juice,intraoperative condition,tolerance of enteral nutrition,liver function and nutritional parameters of the 2 groups were detected.All data were analyzed by using chi-square test,Fisher exact test,independent t test,Mann-Whitney U test and one-way analysis of variance.Results The pulmonary infection rate of ID group was 3％ (1/32) after operation,which was significantly lower than 26％ (5/19) of the ED group (P ＜ 0.05).The output of pancreatic juice in the ID group was significantly lower than that in the ED group since postoperative day 4 ( t =7.143,9.244,8.808,7.915,6.461,14.097,15.038,P ＜ 0.05 ).There was no significant difference in the daily output of bile between the 2 groups.The incidence of diarrhea in the ID group was 9％ (3/32) after nutritional support,which was significantly lower than 37％ (7/19) of ED group (P＜0.05).The duration of achieving targeted enteral feeding in the ID was 3 days,which was significantly shorter than 4 days of the ED group ( U =145.000,P ＜ 0.05 ).The levels of total bilirubin ( TBil),direct bilirubin (DBil) and indirect bilirubin (IBil) were (261 ± 108 ),( 132 + 55 ) and ( 129 + 55 ) μmol/L in the ID group,and (239 ±92),( 12A ±46) and ( 116 ±46) μmol/L in the ED group before operation.The levels of TBil,DBil and IBil were (39 ± 19),(20 ± 10) and ( 19 +9) μmol/L in the ID group,and (55 ±22),(29 ± 12) and (26 ±11 ) μmol/L in the ED group at 12 days after nutritional support.There were significant differences in the decrease of TBil,DBil and IBil between the 2 groups ( t =7.324,8.437,5.827,P ＜ 0.05 ).The levels of serum prealbumin,retinol binding protein and transferrin were (0.261 ± 0.021 ) g/L,(34.3 ± 2.8 ) mg/L,(3.08 + 0.26 ) g/L in the ID group,and (0.263 ±0.021)g/L,(33.8 +3.5)mg/L and (3.10 +0.27)g/L in the ED group before operation.The levels of serum prealbumin,retinol binding protein and transferrin decreased significantly after operation,and then got increased 3 days after nutritional support.The levels of serum albumin,retinol binding protein and transferrin were (0.238 ±0.025)g/L,(30.7 ±2.0)mg/L,(2.78 ±0.19)g/L in the ID group,and (0.222 +0.025)g/L,(29.3 ±2.1)mg/L and (2.63 +0.21)g/L in the ED group at 12 days after nutritional support.The levels of serum albumin,retinol binding protein and transferrin in the ID group were significantly higher than those in the ED group (t=4.615,6.097,4.913,P＜0.05).Conclusion Reinfusion of external drained bile and pancreatic juice after PD could enhance the tolerance of patients in early enteral nutrition,reduce incidence of pneumonia,promote decrease of serum bilirubin and improve the nutritional status.

Objective To explore the possible role and mechanism of the Kupffer cells (KCs) in liver allo-geneic transplantation at the early stage. Methods In vitro cell contact coculture system was established. Culture supernatants were collected respectively on the 1st, 2nd, 4th, 6th d after cocul-ture and the KCs and PBMCs were harvested on the 6th day after culture. The expression of HLA-G on the membrane of the KCs and PBMCs was detected with immunochemistry. Nitrate reduction test was used to determine the concentration of nitric oxide. IFN-γ, IL-10, TGF-β1 cytokine levels in the supernatants were also measured with ELISA. The proliferation of lymphocytes was evaluated with MTT. Results six days later, no HLA-G molecules were detected on the membrane of the KCs and PBMCs. In the experimental group containing KCs, the levels of NO, IL-10 and TGF-β1 was signifi-cantly increased(P<0. 05), while the levels of IFN-γ was relatively lower(P<0. 05) as compared to the experimental group without KCs. No IL-10 and IFN-γ were detected in the control group, and on-ly few NO and TGF-β1 was found in the control group with KCs. MTT test showed that the value of optical density was lower in the experimental group with KCs than that in any other group(P<0. 05).Conclusion No HLA-G is expressed on the membrane of KCs and PBMCs after contact coculture.KCs may participate in regulating production of NO and Th2/Th3-like cytokines and suppressing the proliferation of lymphocytes, through which KCs probably take part in inducing immunotolerance of liver transplantation in early stage.

Objective:To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)in perioperative period of liver transplantation.Methods:The authors searched systematically domestic and foreign databases to collect researches on applying ERAS for liver transplantation. The retrieval period was from database inception to November 2020. Quality assessment and data extraction were performed by two researchers according to the inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis of postoperative indicators(length of ICU stay, total length of hospital stay, postoperative complications, admission rate & mortality rate)was performed by RevMan 5.3.5 software.Results:3 Three randomized controlled studies (RCTs) and 4 cohort studies were selected with a total of 1 016 patients, including 404 in ERAS group and 612 in conventional group(traditional perioperative management). The results of Meta-analysis revealed that, as compared with control group, length of ICU stay was significantly shorter in ERAS group [weighted mean difference(WMD)=-2.20, 95% CI: -2.43~-1.97, P<0.05]; Total length of hospital stay was significantly shorter in ERAS group [WMD=-5.85, 95% CI: -8.20~-3.49, P<0.05]; The incidence of postoperative complications was significantly shorter in ERAS group [OR=0.61, 95% CI: 0.42~0.88, P<0.05]. However, no inter-group statistically significant differences existed between admission rate or mortality rate( P>0.05). Conclusions:In perioperative period of liver transplantation, using ERAS protocol can shorten length of ICU stay and total length of hospital stay, lower the incidence of postoperative complications and accelerate patient recovery.

The in vivo techniques for studying human body composition have built up an important field and are continuing to be developed. This review provides an overview of the present status of this field and describes the in vivo techniques used in mearsuring human body composition such as anthropometry, metabolites method, densitometry, dilution method, total body potassium, neutron activation analysis, bioelectrical impedance analysis, dual energy X ray absorptiometry and imaging method. The review also introduces the principle, method and value of these techniques.
Anthropometry ; methods ; Body Composition ; Densitometry ; methods ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; methods ; Plethysmography, Impedance ; methods ; Whole Body Imaging ; methods

Objective To evaluate the safety of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) programs in pancreas surgery.Methods A computer search was performed on databases which included the Wanfang,CNKI,VIP,PubMed,Cochrane Library,Embase and Sciencedirect for randomized controlled trials or case-control studies on ERAS programs in pancreatic surgery published between January 1995 and August 2017.Two researchers independently evaluated the quality of the studies which met the inclusion criteria and performed a meta-analysis using the RevMan5.3.5 software.Results Four randomized controlled trials and twenty one case-control studies which included 4 063 patients entered into the meta-analysis.These patients included the ERAS group (n =2 052) and the control group (n =2 011 who underwent traditional perioperative management).Compared with the control group,the ERAS group had a lower postoperative complication rate (OR =0.57,95％ CI:0.45 ～0.71,P ＜0.05),a lower delayed gastric emptying rate (OR =0.46,95％ CI:0.37 ～ 0.59,P ＜ 0.05),a lower abdominal infection rate (OR =0.68,95％ CI:0.53 ～ 0.88,P ＜ 0.05),a shorter hospital stay (WMD =-4.86,95％ CI:-6.10 ～-3.62,P ＜ 0.05)and intensive care stay (WMD =-1.04,95％ CI:-2.01 ～-0.08,P ＜ 0.05).No significant differences existed in the mortality,readmission and postoperative pancreatic fistula rates between the two groups.Conclusion Perioperative implementation of ERAS programs was safe and effective in pancreatic surgery,and decreased postoperative complication rates and promoted recovery.

Sarcopenia is a common degenerative disease that often occurs in the elderly.It not only increases the risks of falling down and disability in the elderly patients, but also is related to the adverse outcome after operation.The early diagnosis and early intervention are of great clinical significance for improving the postoperative situation and increasing the survival rate of the patients.Based on the latest literature, this paper illustrates in detail the diagnosis of sarcopenia, its influences on postoperative complications, and perioperative clinical interventions in the elderly patients.