Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and choices of management of neonatal testicular torsion (NTF).Methods Between January 2013 and December 2015,the clinical data of 7 cases of neonatal testicular torsion who were confirmed by surgery and pathological examination in the department of pediatric surgery of our hospital was retrospectively reviewed.Of the 7 NTTs (4 in right,2 in left and 1 in both sides),the median age and onset time of NNTs was 3 d (1-21 d) and 1 d (1-21 d),respectively.The presentation of NTTs included swelling of scrotum,scrotal mass and discoloration of scrotum.Features of ultrasonography included enlargement of testicular volume,echo heterogenicity or enhancement of testis,and decreased or disappeared testicular blood flow.Results All NTTs were performed by surgery and confirmed by pathological examination.In the operation,5 patients with extravaginal torsion (1 bilateral) and 2 with intravaginal torsion were detected.The degree of twisted testis was from 270° to 720°(average 438.8°) and resection rate for necrosis testis was 87.5％ (7/8).The median time of follow-up was 12 months (3-36 months),and none of testis underwent re-torsion and the findings of testicular ultrasonography was not abnormal.Conclusions The presentation of neonatal testicular torsion is non-specific.Once the scrotum shows discoloration,swelling,or enlargement of testis,testicular torsion is suspected.Urgent surgical exploration is recommended in order to make an effort to save the testis.

The theory of Medical Immunology is independent,which includes a lot of new knowledge.Optimizing resource of medical immunology,recombinating knowledge structure,building knowledge framework and leading in PBL(Problem Based Learning) teaching method help to arouse students’studying interest and elevate teaching effect.

Objective To determine risk factors and treatments of capillary leak syndrome (CLS) in infants with congenital heart disease(CHD)after extracorporeal bypass (GBP) . Method A retrospective study of 38 infants with CIS and another 150 cases without CLS of a random choice who underwent extracoiporeal bypass from June 2003 to July 2007 was carried out.Several risk factors with statistical significance were screened out with uni-varite logistic regression analysis, and the independent rask factors of CLS were determined with inultivariate step-wise logistic regression analysis. The outcome of CIS infants was compared with infants of control group. Results Logistic analysis showed the risk factors of CLS were the duration of GBP ( OR = 10. 353) , type of CHD ( OR = 6. 912), age ( OR = 6. 254) and temperature of CBP ( OR = 4. 151) . Of the CLS infants cohort, 10 cases underwent peritoneal dialysis and 4 cases died. Conclusions The risk factors of CLS in infants after CBP are the length of time consumed during CBP, type of CHD, age and temperature of CBP.

Objective To compare the inhibition effect of budesonide suspension and dexamethasone on the rats′ pneumonic anaphylacticitis and serum IL-5,and study the effect mechanism in treatment of asthma with glucocorticoids on systemic administration and with budesonide suspension.Methods Twenty-six health wistar rats were randomly divided into normal group,asthmatic group,budesonide suspension group and dexamethasone group.Asthma models were sensitized with egg albumin.Before sensitized,budesonide suspension group were administered inhalation of budesonide suspension,and dexamethasone group were administered abdominal injection of dexamethasone.The level of IL-5 was measured with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) reagent box,lung was eviscera-(ted after collecting) blood,pathological slice was made.Results The rats′ pathological changes of lung and bronchus were significant between asthma group and other groups,while there were no significant difference between budesonide suspension group and dexamethasone group,but both of two groups showed slight difference with normal group.Compared with normal group,the level of serum IL-5 in asthma group raised obviously,and there was significant difference(P0.05).Conclusions The treatment of inhalation of budesonide suspension can inhibit rats′ pneumonic anaphylacticitis,ameliorate rat anaphylactic asthma symptom.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the p27~(kip1) expression and the change of radiosensitivity of esophageal cancer cells.Methods Radio-resistant cells (EC9706R) were gradually isolated by means of repeated gamma-ray irradiation (6 000 cGy in total) upon human squamous esophageal carcinoma cells (EC9706).The radiosensitivity of these two types of cells was measured by standard colony formation assays,their cell cycle distribution analyzed by flow cytometry respectively,and the p27~(kip1) expression detected by immunocytochemistry.Results As compared with their parent cells,the isolated human squamous esophageal carcinoma cells(EC9706) showed clearly greater radio-resistance(for EC9706R,SF_2=65.71%,D_0=2.20 Gy,D_q=1.61 Gy,N=2.07,and for EC9706,SF_2=46.72％,D_0=1.61 Gy,D_q=0.99 Gy,N=1.85;SF_2,D_0,Dq and N were all higher).As to the cell cycle distribution,the population of G_1 phase cells in EC9706R cells was significantly decreased,but the proportion of S phase cells was significantly increased as compared with the parent cells.Immunocytochemistry revealed that the p27~(kip1) expression of EC9706R cells was clearly lower than that of EC9706 cells.Conclusion Cell phase change due to the decrease of p27~(kip1) expression may be one of the mechanisms of the generation of radio-resistance in esophageal cancer cells.

Objective To understand whether long term consumption of purified water can cause lead accumulation and enhance lead toxicity in the rats with chronic lead exposure. Methods 104 male SD weaned rats were randomly divided into eight groups,tap water,purified water,tap water plus lead (lead acetate,Pb2+: 50 mg/L ),purified water plus lead (Pb2+: 50 mg /L),tap water plus lead (Pb2+: 200 mg/L ),purified water plus lead (Pb2+: 200 mg/L),tap water plus lead (Pb2+: 800 mg/L),purified water plus lead (Pb2+: 800 mg/L). All were fed with normal food and kept in the same environmental conditions. The blood samples were collected after 4,6,8,10,24 and 28 weeks of lead exposure. The brain,heart,liver,kidney,bone were sampled at the experimental endpoint and the lead concentration was determined with graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometric method,zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP) level was measured by using surface fluorescence method. Results At the same lead exposure level,no difference of blood lead level was observed between the groups of drinking purified water and tap water,however,the lead level in the organs tissue,including brain,heart,liver,kidney,bone,was significantly higher in the group drinking purified water compared with drinking tap water. The blood ZPP level in rats drinking purified water was also higher than the rats drinking tap water,the significant difference were occurred at low lead level exposure (P

[Objective]To investigate the technique and significance of arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament(ACL) reconstruction with the remaining bundle and ruptured fiber.[Method]In 47 cases of ACL rupture verified with arthroscopy,there were 15 cases of partial disruption,26 cases of complete disruption,and 6 cases of ligament flabby.ACLs were reconstructed with single bundle of autogenous quadrupled hamstring tendons under arthroscopy without remove of the remaining bundle or remnants of ACL.The femur tunnel was fixed by the RigidFix system,and the Intrafix system was used to fix the tibia tunnel.[Result]All of 47 cases were followed up for an average of 19 months(ranged from 12 to 24 months).The stabilization was strengthened after operation.Lysholm knee function score increased by 26.3 scores,from average 68.6 scores of preoperation to average 94.9 scores after operation.Lachman test was negative in 43 cases,weakly positive in 3 cases and positive in 1 case.According to Insall knee therapeutic effect evaluation criterion,38 cases achieved excellent results and 9 cases achieved good results.[Conclusion]Arthroscopic reconstruction of ACL with the remaining bundle preserving technique could facilitate revasculization and reinnervation of the reconstructed ligament and maintain stability of knee joint.

Objective The questionaires of the ONFH aegers who were hospitalized in Kanggu hospital,during 2005-2008 ,were collect-ed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of acupotomy by proper statistical methods. Methods Four indexes according to the criteria of Therapeutic effect of adult ONFH recovery and reconstruction (ZHAO Dewei, 1996) were measured to evaluate the effect of the treatment. Results Monofac-torial analysis showed that the treatrnent was effective,but some phenomena could not be correctly explined in specialized field. This problem was re-solved appropriately by structural equation model(SEM). Conclusion By the method of SEM, the confounding factors could be better controlled and the evaluation was more reliable.

Objective The purpose of this study was to determine if recombinant ?-defensin-2 can prevent the lung from being injured by pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. Methods Ten male SD rats ( class SPF) weighing 250-300 g were randomly divided into 2 groups ( n = 5 each) : I defensin group and II control group. The animals were anesthetized with intraperitoneal thiopental 10 mg? kg-1 and intubated. 50 ? l of 5 ? 107 PFU? ml-1 adenovirus with or without ?-defensin-2 gene was instilled into the trachea via tracheal tube. 48 h later 200 ? l of 6? 108 CFU?ml-1 pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC27853 was instilled into the trachea in both groups. All the rats were killed after 24 h and the lungs were removed for (1) histologic examination, (2) determination of ICAM-1 expression in the lung and (3) broncho-alveolar lavage. The number of WBC and pseudomonas aeruginosa in broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was counted. Results The number of WBC and pseudomonas aeruginosa in BALF was significantly less in defensin group than in control group. The degree of instologic damage and the expression of ICAM-1 in lung tissue were significantly decreased in the defensin group as compared with control group. Conclusion Recombinant ?-defensin-2 can kill pseudomonas aeruginosa in vivo and modulate the expression of ICAM-1. It can protect the lung against injury induced by pseudomonas aeruginosa infection.

AIM: To investigate the effect of high and low shear stress on endothelial permeability and tight junctions(TJs). METHODS: Rabbit abdominal aortas in normal and high fat diet groups were stenosed to 60.7%?7.0% of original cross areas, they were sacrificed after 7 days, and the arteries were stained with Evans blue and Sudan Ⅳ. TJs were investigated with freeze fracture. RESULTS: The non-stenosis aortas were negative, there are 1 mm-wide constant and circular positive areas proximal and distal to the stenosis and scattered, dotted and patched positive areas within 8 mm distal to stenosis. Freeze fracture reveals that in the hyperpermeable regions, the percentages of zonular type of TJs and the numbers of strands of TJs of zonular and macular types in the distal regions are significantly lower than those in the proximal regions (P