Objective To investigate the risk factors of diabetic foot by observing the changes of the relative index. Methods 134 pa-tients were randomly divided into non-diabetic foot (NDF) group and diabetic foot (DF) group,the changes of blood glucose,HbA1c,creati-nine,uric acid,microalbuminuria and the complications of diabetes were observed. Results There no difference in blood glucose level be-tween 2 groups (P>0. 05). The HbA1c levels of DF group was higher,with a significant difference(P<0. 05). The levels of uric acid in fe-male of DF group was higher than those in female of NDF group(P<0. 05). there was significant differernces in levels of microalbuminuria (P<0. 05),but no statistic difference in levels of potassium and sodium between 2 groups. Conclusion The changes of HbA1c,uric acid and microalbuminuria could indicate the diabetic foot in clinic.

Objective: To study the application of CT and MRI fusion technique in the diagnosis and treatment of intraocular and orbital tumors. Methods: 2D-images of 13 patients with intraocular and orbital tumors were fused by special-point registration and Iterative Local Closest Point(ILCP) method; 3D-fusion images were reconstructed by Ray Tracing method. Results: A 3D-CT-MRI fusion images of intraocular and orbital tumors were reconstructed and displayed. The CT and MRI data of intraocular and orbital tumors were displayed on the same image as a comprehensive whole,which provided a stereogram of 3D-structure of the normal and abnormal orbital tissues. Anatomical structure of the orbit was clearly visualized by 3D-CT-MRI image. Conclusion: The multi-modality fusion technique can provide more accurate and comprehensive information for clinical diagnosis of intraocular and orbital tumors, which is helpful for doctors' planning of surgical operations,clinical education and doctor-patient communication.

Objective To observe the impact of DPP4 inhibitor Saxagliptin on body weight of type 2 diabetes patients. Methods In this randomized and parallel study,50 patients were given either Saxagliptin(n=25)or Glimepiride(n=24). The changes of body weight, HbA1c and hypoglycemic events were observated in 12 weeks. Results There were no significant difference in gender,age and body weight between 2 groups(P>0. 05). After 12 weeks treatment,body weight has significant changed in both group,and the weight changes were sig-nificant differet in two groups:an average of 0. 4 kg weight was increased in Glimepiride group and 0. 4 kg weight was decreased in Saxagliptin group (P<0. 05). The change of HbA1c level has no statistical difference in two groups (P>0. 05). Hypoglycemia event was happened four times in Glimepiride group,while no hypoglycemia event was happened in Saxagliptin group. Conclusion Compared with Glimepiride,Saxa-gliptin provides similar hypoglycemic action with less hypoglycemia,at the same time,Saxagliptin yields better results in lowering weight.

Objective To study the chemical constituents in the root of Baccaurea ramiflora.Methods Various chromatographic techniques were used to separate and purify the constituents.The structures of the compounds were elucidated by physicochemical properties and spectral analyses(UV,IR,ESI-MS,1H-NMR,13C-NMR,Dept90,Dept135,1H-1H COSY,1H-1H NOESY,HMQC,HMBC).Results A new compound was isolated and idertified.Conclusion This compound is a novel compound and named as epidihydrotutin.

Objective To dynamically monitor the effect of Cinepazide maleate (CM) on ischemic region of the brain and to elucidate the neuroprotection of CM on acute cerebral ischemic rat model and related mechanisms.Methods The rat model of acute brain ischemia-reperfusion was established with tighting threads.They were randomly divided into ischemia-reperfusion group and CM treatment group(n=8 in each group).Rats in CM treatment group were given 3 mg / kg CM by caudal intravenous injection immediately after brain ischemia-reperfusion.T2 weighted imaging(T2WI) and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1HMRS) were performed before operation and at 6 hours,24 hours and 3 days after reperfusion.Results At 6 h,24 h and 3 d after operation there was no difference for areas of cerebral ischemia on T2WI between 2 groups.The values of N-acetylaspartate(NAA) (Phosphocreatine(PCr) +Creartine(Cr)) in ischemia-reperfusion group rats were (1.53±0.20),(0.50 ±0.17),(0.44±0.13),(0.40±0.10) before operation and at 6 h,24 h,3 d after operation,respectively.And in CM treatment group the values of NAA/(PCr+Cr) were (1.44±0.22),(0.68±0.13),(0.61±0.10),(0.53±0.09) at the same time points.The values of lactate(Lac)/(PCr+Cr) in ischemia-reperfusion group were (0.03±0.01),(1.10 ±0.28),(1.30± 0.23),(1.23± 0.19) before operation and at 6 h,24 h,3 d after operation,respectively.And in CM treatment group the values of Lac/(PCr+Cr) were (0.02±0.01),(0.85±0.25),(0.99±0.20),(0.90±0.15) at the same time points.The rats in ischemia-reperfusion group had lower value of NAA/(PCr+Cr) (P＜0.01) and higher value of Lac/(PCr+Cr) at all time points after operation than those before operation.Compared with rats in ischemia-reperfusion group,the value of NAA/(PCr+Cr) increased(P＜0.05) and the value of Lac/(PCr+Cr) decreased(P＜0.05) decreased significantly for CM treatment group rats.Conclusion CM treatment can decrease the intracellular accumulation of lactic acid and reduce neuronal necrosis in acute brain ischemia-reperfusion rats.

Objective To observe the expression levels of Mig in the patients with chronic hepatitis B .Methods The study pop‐ulation consisted of 88 chronic hepatitis B patients and 53 healthy controls .The ELISA ,RT‐PCR and Western‐blotting were used for analysing the expression levels of Mig in serum ,peripheral blood mononuclear cells and liver tissue of the patients with chronic hepatitis B ,while the immunohistochemistry was applied for analysing the distribution of Mig in liver tissue .Results The expres‐sion of Mig in serum ,peripheral blood mononuclear cells and liver tissue of the chronic hepatitis B patients with HBeAg negative were (247 .03 ± 63 .14)pg/mL ,(0 .95 ± 0 .21) ,(0 .79 ± 0 .23) ,and that in the chronic hepatitis B patients with HBeAg positive were (243 .05 ± 53 .00)pg/mL ,(0 .98 ± 0 .35) ,(0 .74 ± 0 .18) ,which were both significantly higher than those in healthy controls ,the difference was statistically significant(P<0 .05) .Conclusion Increased levels of Mig in the patients with chronic hepatitis B may be related to immune state of patients .

Objective To investigate the effect of a newly developed photosensitizer—chlorophyll derivative combined with irradiation of 650 nm laser for PC3, an androgen independent cell line in vitro. Methods PC3 was cultured and designed to 4 groups,including blank control,laser irradiation,medication of photosensitizer and medication of photosensitizer with laser irradiation (treated).The medicated concentration of chlorophyll was 0.1 g/L and irradation fluence of 650 nm semiconductor laser was 6 J/cm2.Intracellular distribution of photosensitizer and cellular morphological alterations were studied through light microscopy, electron microscopy and laser confocal microscopy. Results It showed the shrinkage, round-up and membrane integrity of treated PC3 under light microscopy.Sable deposits were observed in cytoplasm of cells in both photosensitizer and treated groups.Transmission electron microscopy showed the fragmentation of DNA and condensation of chromatin beneath the karyolemma in treated cells.In cytoplasm,the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria swell to form vesicles and vacuoles.It showed the strong red fluorescence in the cytoplasm of treat cells compared with the red fluorescence indifferent to the background through laser confocal microscopy. Conclusions Chlorophyll derivative based photodynamic therapy is able to induce apoptosis of PC3 in vitro.Mitochondria is presumed to be the primary target of photodynamic therapy and trigger the apoptotic pathway.

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics,pathology,prognosis and proper treatment of tubular carcinoma of the breast. Methods The clinical data of 11 patients with tubular carcinoma of the breast treated in Peking Union Medical College Hospital were retrospectively analyzed.Results The incidence of tubular carcinoma of the breast account for 0.4% of the total breast cancer cases.Eight out of 11 cases had palpable painless lumps in the breast.Six cases received modified radical mastectomy,among which one patient received modified radical mastectomy of both sides.Four patients underwent breast conservation therapy.Sentinel lymph nodes biopsy was conducted in 2 patients.By immunohistochemistry ER was positive in 6 cases,PR was positive in 7 cases,2 cases were axiilary lymph node positive.Three patients received chemotherapy.Two patients received endocrine therapy(tamoxifen or aromatase inhibitor).Other patients received combined therapy including radiation,endocrine therapy and chemotherapy.All the patients have been followed up from 1 month to 7 years and within the period there is no recurrence,metastasis and death. Conclusion Tubulax carcinoma of the breast is a kind of low malignant tumor.Proper surgery and adjuvant therapy is important to improve survival and the quality of life.

Objective To investigate the functional characters of traumatic brain injuries occurred in wenehuan earthquake.Methods Thirty-eight cases with brain injury,occurred in Wenchuan earthquake,hospitalized in intensive care unit and brain surgery wards of Wenchuan China Hospital were enrolled in the study.Glasglow coma scale(GCS)was used to assess the severity of brain injury,mini-mental state examination(M MSE)was used to assess the cognitive function,the modified Ashworth scale was applied to aSSeSS the muscle tone,the Bobath balance scale was applied to assess the sitting and standing balance.the modified Barthel index Was applied to evaluate the activities of daily living(ADL).Resuits Mean age of the patients was 46 years,ratio of male to female was 1.9:1.Twenty-seven(71.1%)patients suffered mild brain injury,4(10.5%)patients moderate brain injury and 7(18.4%)patients severe brain injury.In non-comatose patients,some patients suffered motor control disorder as hemiplegia,aphasia,cognitive disorder,Rom limitation,muscle tone disorder,muscle weakness,sitting balance disorder and standing balance disorder respectively.Thirty-six(94.7%)patients couldn't take care of themselves independently.Conclusion The function disorder of traumatic brain injuries occurred in earthquake had some particular characteristics.it's necessary to establish a rehabilitation system for the effectire rehabilitation management and treatment according tO the patients'characteristics.

Objective To investigate the change of and relationship between astrocytes and synapse structure in the region around the infarction area and the roles of the astrocytes on the recovery of motor skill in the experimental rats with acute cerebral infarction after mobility training. Methods A total of 120 rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: a rehabilitation group, an inhibition group, a saline group and a control group. The motor skill of the rats was examined by beam walking test. The changes of astrocytes, synapses, the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), synaptophysin and growth associated protein 43(GAP-43) in the region around the infarction were observed using electron microscope and immunohistochemistry staining at 7,21 and 42 d after the model was made. Results It was noted that the recovery of motor skill was more significant in the rehabilitation group than that in the control and the inhibition groups (scored in beam walking test at 3.2?0.3 vs 1.8?0.5 and 1.6?0.9 at the third weekend; scored 5.8?0.9 vs 2.6?0.8 and 2.1?0.7scores at the sixth weekend. P