In this study, ITS2 barcode was used to identify Bupleurum chinense and B. longiradiatum. The ITS2 regions of 48 samples were amplified and sequenced. The sequences obtained above were aligned and the K2P distances were calculated. We used three methods, BLAST1, nearest distance and phylogenetic tree (NJ-tree), to test the identification ability. The results showed that the maximum intraspecific genetic distance of B. chinense was 0.013, and the minimum interspecific genetic distance between B. chinense and B. longiradiatum was 0.049. The NJ-tree can easily identify B. chinense and B. longiradiatum. Therefore, the ITS2 barcode is suitable to identify B. chinense and B. longiradiatum.
Bupleurum ; classification ; genetics ; DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic ; methods ; DNA, Plant ; genetics ; DNA, Ribosomal Spacer ; genetics ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; classification ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Quality Control

Objective To observe the therapeutic response of liver tumors by arterial embolization hyperthermia with Nano Superparamagnetic Iodized Oil(NSIO)using rabbit VX2 liver tumor model.Methods A total 24 rabbits containing experimental hepatic tumors were randomly assigned to one of four groups as follows:NSIO embolization hyperthermia group(group A),Lipidol embolization group(group B),NSIO embolization group(group C),and contronl group(group D),each groups contain 6 VX2 rabbits.Fourteen days after implantation of the experimental hepatic tumor,VX2 rabbits were treated.In group A group B and group C,the rabbits hepatic proper artery were selectively catheterized by 3 Fr microcatheters via right femoral artery under fluoroscopic guidance.10% NSIO 0.5 ml(group A and group C)or Lipidol 0.5 ml(group B)infused into proper hepatic artery.Three days after embolization,the rabbits in group A and group B were exposed to gap-type alternating magnetic field for 30 minutes,while rabbits in group C and group D have not been exposed to alternating magnetic field.The liver tumor size were measured by CT scanning before and 14 days after treatment then the animals were sacrificed,the liver,lung,heart spleen and kidney were harvested for histopathology examination,the liver tumor size were detected directly. Results All subjects experienced uneventful 14 days surivials,on the biochemical examination,there were no changes about the function of liver and renal in each group 14 days after treatment compare to pre- treatment.Fourteen days after treatment,the tumor size decreased by 8.09% in group A,but increased by 9.72% and 13.00%(P＜0.05)in group B and group C respectively,in group D,the tumor size increased by 57.50%(P＜0.01).In histopathology examination,the tumor necrosis in three treatment groups were manifest,particular in group A.Conclusion Arterial embolization hyperthermia with NSIO has obvious therapeutic response to experimental hepatic tumors,it encourages further development of this technology for the treatment of liver cancer in humans.

Objective To investigate the renal expression changes of microRNA-215(miR-215) and its role in diabetic nephmpathy of type 2 diabetic db/db mice. Methods Fourweek-old diabetic db/db mice and norml control group non-diabetic db/m mice were selected.Real-time PCR was used to detect the relative level of miR-215 at the age of 8,12 and 16 weeks.Catenin beta interacting protein 1 (CTNNBIP1) mRNA and protein level were measured by realtime PCR,WesteRN blotting and immunohistochemisty.A lueiferase reporter assay was used to determine whether CTNNBIP1 was a direct target of miR-215. Results (1)With the growth of db/db mice,the major pathological characteristics of kidney included glomerular hypertrophy,segmental mesangial cells proliferation and mesangial matrix expansion.(2)Compared with the db/m mice,the db/db mice of 8,12 and 16 weeks showed obvious increase in body weight(BW),blood glucose (Glu) and 24 hour urinary albumin excretion (UAE) (P＜0.05,respectively).(3)Compared with the db/m mice,special miR-215 was highly expressed in the kidney of db/db mice and was up-regulated significantly according to the development of DN (P＜0.05).(4)The mRNA and protein expression of CTNNBIPl of kidney were consistently down-regulated in db/db mice than those in controls (P＜0.05,respectively). (5)By luciferase reporter,miR-215 could negatively regulate CTNNBIP1 gene by targeting its 3'-UTR sequence (P＜0.01). Conclusion High expression level of miR-215 plays a potential role in the initiation and progression of DN by down-regulating the expression of CTNNBIPl.

The flavonoids were investigated from the whole plants of Lagopsis supina. The compounds were isolated and purified by various column chromatography, and their structures were identified by physiochemical properties and spectroscopic data. Two flavones were isolated from the CH2Cl2 layer of Lagopsis supina extract and identified as genkwanin (1) and 5-hydroxy-7,4'-dimethoxyflavone (2), respectively. Ten flavonoid glycosides were isolated from the water layer of Lagopsis supina and elucidated as kaempferol-3-O-6" (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl) -β-D-glucoside (3), quercetin-3-O-6"-(3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl) -β-D-glucoside (4), quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucoside(5), kaempferol-3-Of3-D-glucoside ( 6), isorhamnetin-3-O-/-D-glycopyranoside (7), apigenin-7-O-6-D-glucoside (8), luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucoside (9), chrysoeriol-7-O-β-D-glucoside (10), rutin (11 ), and kaempferol-3-β-(6"-p-coumaroyl) -β-D-glucoside (tiliroside, 12). Compounds 3 and 4 were firstly isolated from Lamiaceae family, and compounds 1-12 were isolated from the plants of Lagopsis genus for the first time.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Flavonoids ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Lamiaceae ; chemistry ; Molecular Structure ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization

Objective To analyze and study the diagnosis of large granular lymphocyte leukemia(LGLL).Methods To report and discuss six cases weth LGLL we have found. Results 2 of T-LGLL and lof NK-LGLL had indolent process, mainly presenting with anemia and splenomegaly and good response to treatment, while; 1 of T-LGLL and 2 of NK-LGLL had aggressive process, their clinical characters are obviously general symptom, hepatomegaly,splenomegaly,these disease develop quickly and have bad prognosis. The immunophenotype of indolent LGLL is distinct from aggressive cases. Conclusion As a group of heterogeneous disease,its diagnosis should be based on clinical manifestation and immunophenotype and differentiated it carefully.

Objective To investigate the clinical and laboratory diagnosis of adult hemophagocytic syn-drome (HPS) . Methods Clinical data of 24 patients with HPS from 2000 to 2008 were retrospectively analyzed. Results Of the 24 HPS cases, 12 had a malignant associated hemophagocytic syndrome (MHAS), and 10 were fi-nally diagnosed by bone marrow immunohistochemist ;Of 12 cases in non-MAHS group,4 were with virus associated hemophagocytic syndrome (VAHS), and 4 were of the other infections, whereas 4 patients diagnosed of immune associated HS (MAS). There were significant difference in onset age, mortality, serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and serum ferritin(FER) and neutrophilic NAP between non-MAHS group and MAHS group(P <0.01 ,P<0.05). In all cases bone marrow biopsy showed significant differences in cytological and pathological features between MAHS group and non-MAHS group. Conclusion Etiology,immunology,and bone marrow cell biopsy and pathology as well contribute to the diagnosis and typing of HPS and will give a guide to the therapy.

Objective To evaluate the incidence of and risk factors for esophageal fistula and fatal bleeding after intensity?modulated radiotherapy ( IMRT) for esophageal cancer. Methods Clinical data were collected from 128 patients with esophageal cancer who received radical IMRT in our hospital from January 2012 to December 2014. According to the incidence of esophageal fistula and fatal bleeding, those patients were divided into control group ( n= 105 ) and severe complications group ( n= 23 ) . In the severe complications group,12 patients had esophageal fistula and 11 fatal bleeding. Between?group comparison was made by χ2 test. The Cox model was used for the multivariate analysis. Results Chest and back pain in the initial diagnosis,clinical stage cT4 ,tumor type ( ulcerative) ,gross tumor volume ( GTV)>50 cm3 ,and GTV maximum diameter>2?45 cm were risk factors for esophageal fistula and fatal bleeding after radiotherapy for esophageal cancer (P=0?042,0?042,0?019,0?046,0?002).The multivariate analysis showed that tumor type ( ulcerative) and GTV maximum diameter were independent risk factors for esophageal fistula and fatal bleeding ( P=0?010,HR=0?329,95% CI:0?142?0?763;P=0?009,HR=3?805,95% CI:1?404?10?312) . Conclusions The efficacy of IMRT is severely restricted by the incidence of esophageal fistula and fatal bleeding. For patients with an ulcerative type of esophageal cancer or a GTV max diameter of>2?45 cm,the chemoradiotherapy plan should be optimized to reduce the risk of severe complications.

Objective To investigate the varying variances of the genetic components in birth cohorts.Methods Twin samples used in the current study were collected from the Chinese National Twin Registry and a two-wave study was conducted,in Qingdao and Lishui regions.Samples were broken down by birth cohort to create four subgroups:-1958,1959-1961,1962-1970 and 1970-.Structural equation models were fitted in each subgroup to estimate the genetic and environmental variances.Results From each birth cohort,weight and body mass index in 2012 appeared higher than those in 2001.Twins of 1971-cohort subgroup showed lower weight than in the other cohort subgroups.Except for the 1959-1961 cohort subgroup,the later birth cohorts were inversely related to the body mass indexes.Genetic factors might explain 54％-76％ of the total variations on the body mass index.Heritability of body mass index of twins born during 1959-1961 was increasing along with age.Conclusion Genetic factors might explain the main portion which related to the phenotypic variance of body mass index.Effects of genetic factors on body mass index of twins born during 1959-1961 might have increased along with age.

Objective To assess the correlation between polymorphisms in the coagulation factor Ⅶ (F Ⅶ) gene hypervariable region 4 (HVR4) site and risk related to coronary heart disease (CHD) in different ethnic populations,especially the Asian populations.Methods Publications up to April 2013,from CBM,CNKI,Wanfang Database,VIP,PubMed,Cochrane Library and Embase were searched to collect data from case-control studies related to F Ⅶ gene HVR4 site and CHD in populations from different ethnicities.Quality of studies was evaluated,available data extracted and both RevMan 5.1 and Stata 11.0 softwares were used for Meta-analysis.Results Fifteen case-control studies were included,involving 3167 cases with CHD group and 3168 cases in the control group.Results on this Meta-analysis showed that:a) polymorphism of the FⅦ gene HVR4 site H7/H6 +H5and CHD,b) H7H7/H6H6 + H7H6 and CHD were both slightly correlated between people with different ethnic backgrounds.However,the H6 allele versus H7 + H5 allele and CHD showed different results-a high correlation seen in different ethnic groups.H5 allele versus H6 + H7 allele and CHD did not appear significant difference(OR=l.20,95％CI:0.76-1.90,P=0.43).Conclusion Both FⅦgene HVR4 polymorphisms H7 allele and the H7H7 genotype might have served as protective factors for CHD in different ethnic groups,H6 allele might serve as a risk factor for CHD,but H5 allele was likely not to be associated with CHD in different ethnic groups.

Objective To investigate the curative effects of various infusion volumes on liver-related metabolic mechanism in the treatment of hemorrhagic shock.Methods A severe hemorrhagic shock rabbit model was established in 30 rabbits.The rabbits were randomly divided into three groups:non-infusion group (A), conventional infusion group (B), and excessive infusion group (C) (n=10 in each group).Taking group B as the control, groups A and C were observed for the damage of non-infusion and excessive infusion, respectively.The outcomes in the three groups and their relations with liver tissue metabolism changes were analyzed with gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC-MS).Results The mortality in groups A, B, and C group were 80％, 0％, and 70％, respectively.The liver tissue metabolic profile in group B showed statistically significant difference compared with that in groups A and B.In group C, the levels of 21 metabolites were lower than those in group B, and the levels of8 metabolites were lower than those in group A.The relative contents of various metabolites were correlated with infusion volumes, and the succinic acid content was associated with death events (P＜0.05).Conclusion The conventional infusion has significant curative effect on hemorrhagic shock.The metabolites of liver tissues with excessive infusion are generally decompensated and have longer survival time than those in non-infusion group, which may caused by the excessive infusion-induced blood volume increase after hemorrhagic shock.Tissue fluid dilution is an important cause of death.