Objective To observe the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1(ICAM-1)and vascular cellular adhesion molecuh 1(VCAM-1)in placenta in patients with hypertensive disorders in pregnancy,investigate their roles in patients with hypertensive disorders in pregnancy and correlation.Methods Fifty-two patients with hypertensive disorders in pregnancy(disease group)were collected,including 11 csses with gestational hypertension(GH),18 cases with mild pre-eelampsia(MP)and 23 cases with gevere pre-eclampsia(SP),26 cases of normal pregnant women as control group.Immunohistochemistry and image analytical technique were employed to show the expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1.Results The quantities of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expressed in the placental vascular endothelial cell were 78.85%(41/52)and 75.00%(39/52)in disease group,26.92%(7/26)and 23.08%(6/26)in control group,there was a significant difference between the two groups(P<0.01).and those in SP patients[100.00%(23/23)and 100.00%(23/23)]were higher than those in MP patients[77.78%(14/18)and 72.22%(13/18)]and GH patients[36.36%(4/11)and 27.27%(3/11)](P<0.05 or<0.01).The quantities of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expressed in the placental villous syncytlotrophoblast were cell 38.46%(20/52)and 44.23% (23/52)in disease group,100.00%(26/26)and 96.15%(25/26)in control group,there was a significant difference between the two groups(P<0.01),and those in SP patients[8.70%(2/23)and 13.04%(3/23)]were lower than those in MP patients[44.44%(8/18)and 50.00%(9/18)]and GH patients[90.91%(10/11)and 100.00%(11/11)](P<0.05 or<0.01).Conclusion Abnormal expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in the placental vascular endothelial and villous syncytiotrophoblast cell in patients with hypertensive disorders in pregnancy may participate in pathogenic process of vascular endothelial damage of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy.

Objective] To explore the treatment of cough caused by fire-evil from its pathogenic characteristics. [Method] To analyze the specificity about fire-evil invading lung for cough cases during the Qing Dynasty and Modern Times, with the basic theory of TCM and the discussion of past dynasties. [Results] Lung covering other viscera, fire flaming upward,cough easily caused by fire-evil, these are due to yin deficiency to see more, such as kidney-yin deficiency, heart-yin deficiency, liver-yin deficiency, there is also excess fire from the dyspepsia. The treatment should be fire-clearing, gas-dropping, yin-nourishing and removing food retention. [Conclusion] In the cough caused by other evil,it can also be modeled on the analysis of its pathogenesis and therapeutic rule.

Objective To analyse the pathogenesis,diagnosis and treatment of tethered cord syndrome(TCS) and to improve the knowledge of the disease.Method The clinical data of 16 cases with TCS who underwent surgical lysis were analyzed,retrospectively.Results Thirteen cases were followed-up for 6 months to 1 year.Three cases with handicap of lower limb function and aesthesia and rectum and bladder sphincter dysfunction got good outcome,and 2 cases showed no improvement,while 10 cases with no symptoms(didn′t) appear TCS.Conclusions It is necessary to diagnose and manage as early as possible.The tethered cord lysis can relieve the symptoms of some cases and control development of TCS.

OBJECTIVE: To study the chemical constituents of Sapium sebiferum leaves. METHODS: The chemical constituents in the petroleum ether and n-butyl alcohol parts of the 95% ethanol extract of Sapium sebiferum leaves were isolated and purified by chromatographic methods. Their structures were elucidated by spectral data and physicochemical properties. RESULTS: Twelve compounds were purified and identified as squalene(1), 3β-hydroxyglutin-5-ene(2), fraxetin(3), friedelin(4), β-sitosterol(5), gallic acid ethyl ester (6), quercetin (7), 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (8), blumenol C glucoside (9), kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (10), 1'-O-benzyl-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1″-6') -β-D-glucopyranoside(11), and shikimic acid(12). CONCLUSION: Compounds 1-3, and 8-12 are isolated for the first time from this plant.

Objective To explore the inhibitory effect of astragalus polysaccharide (APS) on the proliferation of human erythroleukemia K562 cells and its mechanisms.Methods After K562 cells (purchased from Shanghai cell bank of chinese academy of science) were treated with different concentrations (0 mg/L,100 mg/L,200 mg/L and 400 mg/L) of APS.The influences of APS on the growth rate,doubling time and cell cycle distribution of K562 cells were observed by methyl thiazolyl tetra-zolium assay (MTF) and flow cytometry,respectively.Furthermore,the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting assay were used to detect the expressions of Cyclin A,Cyclin B,Cyclin E and p21 gene at the mRNA and protein levels,respectively.Results MTT assay findings showed that,compared to the control group (0 mg/L APS),growth rates of K562 cells treated with 100 mg/L,200 mg/L and 400 mg/L APS decreased significantly (all P ＜ 0.01),and the doubling times lengthened significantly (all P ＜ 0.01).Flow cytometry findings revealed that,compared to the control group,the G1 phase cells in K562 cells of APS group increased significantly (P ＜0.01),while the S and G2/M phase cells decreased significantly (all P ＜ 0.01).RT-PCR and Western blotting results indicated that Cyclin B and Cyclin E expression of K562 cells at the mRNA and protein levels in the APS group were significantly lower than those of the control group(all P ＜ 0.01),whereas p21 expression was significantly enhanced at mRNA and protein levels (P ＜ 0.01),and Cyclin A expression was not significantly different at mRNA and protein levels between the 2 groups (all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions APS could inhibit the proliferation of human erythroleukemia K562 cells.APS could inhibit the proliferation of K562 cells by down-regulating the expression of Cyclin B and Cyclin E and up-regulating the expression of p21.

Objective To study features of clinical manifestation,pathology and treatment effects of idiopathic membranous nephropathy(IMN).Methods A retrospective study was performed in patients with membranous nephropathy through renal biopsy diagnosis in Beijing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from November 2009 to February 2013.Patients were diagnosed according to renal biopsy apart from hepatitis B virus-associated glomerulonephritis,Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis,lupus nephritis,tumor and drug associated nephritis.The study summed the clinical and pathological features of IMN and evaluated the effect of treatment according the follow up.Results (1) There were 13 patients,with the ratio of male and female being 1.0 ∶ 1.6,among them 1 patient was younger than 6 years old,3 cases were between 6 and 12 years old,and 9 cases were elder than 12 years old.Nine patients were nephrotic syndrome,and 3 patients had renal insufficiency.(2)Ten patients had infection,among them 5 cases were upper respiratory infection with agent unfound,4 patients were mcoplasma infection,1 patient was influenza B virus infection,1 patient had positive result of Hepatitis B surface antibody(HBsAb) and Hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb),and 2 patients had positive result of purified protein derivative (PPD).(3)Pathological feature of IMN was atypical membranous nephropathy.Atypical membranous nephropathy was characterized by an irregular,thickened glomerular basement membrane(GBM),mesangial cells,and a mesangial matrix with mild to moderate hyperplasia.Immune complexes were stained in the subepithelial region,GBM,and mesangial region under light microscopy.Electron microscopy showed various sizes,density,and shapes of electron-dense deposits in multiple regions.The cases of immunofluorescence were 13 for IgG,10 for C3,9 for IgM,9 for C1q,5 for IgA,2 for C4,and 0 for fibrinogen.Seven patients were strongly positive(3 + and above) for IgG and one patient was strongly positive for C3.(4)Seven patients had complete remission,three patients had partial remission,and three patients had non-remission.Conclusions (1) In this study,children with IMN were mainly girls,and the age distribution was beyond 12 years.Nephrotic syndrome was the most common clinical manifestation.(2)Atypical membranous nephropathy was the most common pathological feature in children with IMN,which should be distinguished from hepatitis B virus-associated glomerulonephritis by testing HBV antigen in renal biopsy.(3) Prednisone was effective for IMN children,but it was suggested to give enough and long course of application.Effect of prednisone combined with cyclophosphamide was still undefined.

Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2/neu) is an important prognostic predictor and the key predictor of anti-HER-2 therapy of breast cancer. Accurate testing of HER-2 status for breast cancer patients is important in clinical practice. As of this writing, the American Society of Clinical Oncology and the College of American Pathologists recommend three methods for HER-2 detection, namely, immunohistochemistry, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and bright-field in situ hybridization. The abovementioned methods have their own advantages and disadvantages. New methods, such as multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and RNA in situ hybridization, are currently applied to detect HER-2 status. New technologies not only make up for the shortcomings of routine methods but also have unique benefits that can meet the demands for HER-2 testing of some breast cancer patients. Thus, these methods are promising for clinical applications and can improve clinical diagnosis and treatment. The characteristics, advantages, and drawbacks of these technologies are introduced and reviewed in this paper.

OBJECTIVE：To compare the effect and adverse reactions of clarithromycin(Limaixian，CT)with those of erythromycin(ET)in treating respiratory tract mycoplasmal infections of children.METHODS：98 patients were randomly divided into CT group(56 cases)and ET group(42 cases)，CT in oral dosage of 20mg/(kg.d)and ET in iv dosage of 30～40mg/(kg· d)were given respectively.RESULTS：The curative rate，effective rate and clearance of mycoplasma of CT group were higher than those of ET group with significant differences(P<0.05).The adverse reactions induced by oral CT were less than those by iv infused ET(P<0.01).CONCLUSION： Oral CT shows satisfactory therapeutic effect， less adverse reactions and can effectively clear away mycoplasma in treatment of respiratory tract mycoplasmal infections of childhood.

Objective To evaluate the practical value of Serology, PCR-SSP and PCR-SSOP for HLA-B typing. Methods A total of 30 samples, the blood of patients and donors waiting kidney transplantation, were used in the study. HLA-B typing was performed by one-step monoclonal antibody typing, micro PCR-SSP typing and PCR-SSOP reverse hybridisation. Results All samples were successfully typed by three methods. The difference between serological and PCR-SSP typing was 13%. The difference between PCR-SSOP and PCR-SSP typing was 3%. Conclusion Serology is high discrepancy rate and low-resolution, but cheap, simple and rapid. PCR-SSP and PCR-SSOP typing are high specific and accuracy. SSP is suitable for several samples, and SSOP is for lots of samples simultaneously although it needed long time.

Objective To extract phycobiliproteins from Porphyra haitanensis,find out the optimum extraction conditions and investigate the antioxidation activity of phycobiliproteins in vitro and anti-oxygen free radical in vivo.Methods Porphyra haitanensis was extracted with deioned-water at 40 volumes for 6 days and tissue-triturated for 2 minutes.The crude phycobiliprotein(CPP) was purified by precipitating with 45% ammonium sulphate and dialyzing.The scavenging activities of the crude phycobiliprotein on?OH of the system of 1,10-phenanthroline-Fe(Ⅱ)/H2O2 and O-2? of pyrogallol autoxidation were studied.And the mice were treated by gastric incubation with crude phycobiliprotein,at doses of 100,200,300mg?kg-1?d-1.The activities of erythrocyte catalase(CAT) and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),serum superoxide dismutase(SOD) and the content of erythrocyte MDA in mice were determined on the 25th day after treatment.Results CPP could scavenge free radicals,and also can increase the activities of erythrocyte CAT,GSH-Px,serum SOD and decrease the content of MDA significantly.Conclusion The crude phycobiliprotein from Porphyra haitanensis has antioxidation activity in different ways.