OBJECTIVE With surveillance of the distribution and antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli during the last six years in our hospital,the basis for the reasonable clinical use of antibiotic is provided to doctor.METHODS A total of 1 907 strains of E.coli isolated during the last six years were analyzed by Kirby-Bauer disk or VITEK-2 system.RESULTS Among 1 907 strains of E.coli,1 114 strains were isolated from urine,accounted for 58.4%;215 from pus or secret,accounted for 11.3%;165 from sputum,accounted for 8.7%;and 159 from blood,accounted for 8.3%.ESBLs production rate of E.coli increased steadily from 5.11%,10.34%,14.56%,15.14%,33.79% to 29.96%,separately during the six years.The resistance of E.coli with ESBLs to most antibiotics was much higher than those without ESBLs.And E.coli demonstrated much higher resistant rate to ciprofloxacin,penicillins,and first or second generation cephalosporins,and much lower to amikacin and cefoperazone/sulbactam.No strains were found to be resistant to imipenem.CONCLUSIONS E.coli is the major pathogen,causing nosocomial infection with multi-resistant mechanism, since ESBLs-producing strain is increasing as years gone,reasonable choice of antibiotic should be in term of result of antibiotic resistant test and patient symptom to cure the E.coli infection induced.

Background Hypertension and dyslipidemia are the 2 important risk factors of cardiovascular affecting the prognosis of cardiovascular disease. However paucity data of characteristics of lipid metabolism and prognosis of cardiovascular diseases in high-risk groups with hypertension are available. Objective To analyze the lipid metabolism level and the relevant risk factors of inpatients with essential hypertension (EH) from 2000 to 2007. Methods Retrospective study was performed based on the clinical characteristic and the relationship between different kinds of hyperlipidemia and target organ damages in inpatient with EH. Results For the level of triglyceride (TG) and the prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia,males(n=3056) were significantly higher than females(n=1932)(P

Objective to observe plasma Brain Natriuretic Peptide level by use of low dose Betaloc for congestive heart failure.Methods We chose 31 heart failure patients with Ⅲ～Ⅳ New York Heart Association (NYHA)functional classification,and used low dose Betaloc on the basis of traditional treatment,then observed the changement of plasma Brain Natriuretic Peptide level during treatment. Results After treatment,patients' heart rate, blood pressure ,cardio-thoracic ratio and LVDd all descended,but LVEF increased.The value of BNP declined obviously,after the use of the Betaloc.Conclusions We treated congestive heart failure with low dose Betaloc,the availability ratio was more than 80%,and the value of BNP declined obviously.It implied dynamic monitoring plasma Brain Natriuretic Peptide was helpful in understanding treatment effect and prognosis.

Objective To study the clinical value of capsule endoscopy for small bowel diseases in pediatric and adolescent patients.Methods Clinical data of 61 pediatric and adolescent patients who underwent capsule endoscopy from February 2007 to April 2014 was respectively analyzed.The positive diagnostic results and safety were observed.Results Of 61 patients,the CE procedures were completed successfully in 58 patients,and failed in 3 patients because of the gastric stasis.Forty-one positive lesions were found in small intestine,and the detection rate was 70.69％.Positive findings included angiodysplasias,Crohn' s disease,Meckel diverticula,ulcer,P-J syndrome,protrusion lesion and enteritis,etc.Finally,29 patients were confirmed (50％),3 (5.17％) were misdiagnosed and 1 (1.72％) was missed.Twenty-two patients underwent other small bowel examinations besides the capsule endoscopy.And the accuracy of capsule endoscopy was 81.82％.All capsules were successfully swallowed by the patients and evacuated within two weeks.No complications such as capsule retention or intestinal obstruction occurred.Conclusion Capsule endoscopy is a safe and well tolerated procedure with high diagnostic rate,which has a prospective clinical value in small bowel diseases in pediatric and adolescent patients.

Objective To investigate the expression of B-cell activating factor ( BAFF ) and its specific receptor BAFF-R in patients with B-cell non-Hodgkin′s lymphoma ( B-NHL) and to analyze the cor-relations between BAFF and the development of B-NHL.Methods RTQ-PCR and Western blot assay were used to measure the expression of BAFF and its specific receptor BAFF-R in patients with B-NHL.Fluores-cence immunocytochemical staining was used to determine the localization of BAFF and BAFF-R in Raji cells, a B-NHL cell line.The expression of BAFF in tumor tissues from patients with B-NHL of different his-tologic subtypes was measured by immunohistochemistry.WST proliferation and TUNEL assays were used to evaluate the effects of BAFF and BAFF-R on the proliferation, survival rate and apoptosis of Raji cells.Lin-ear correlations between the concentrations of lactate dehydrogenase ( LDH) and the expression of BAFF and BAFF at mRNA and protein levels in patients with B-NHL were analyzed.Results BAFF and its specific receptor BAFF-R were expressed in Raji cells and played an important role in the survival and proliferation of B-NHL cell line.The expression of BAFF in tumor cells from patients with B-NHL varied with the different histologic subtypes of B-NHL.Patients with small B-cell malignant lymphoma, large B-cell lymphoma ( LBCL) , mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma ( MALT lymphoma) and follicular lymphoma showed higher levels of BAFF, while those with mantle cell lymphoma showed lower levels of BAFF.Compared with the healthy subjects, patients with B-NHL showed significantly increased expression of BAFF at mRNA and protein levels.The levels of LDH were closely related to the expression of BAFF at mRNA and protein lev-els.Conclusion BAFF and its specific receptor BAFF-R might play an important role in the growth and survival of malignant B cells.

BACKGROUND:Monofocal and multifocal Toric intraocular lens that have been widely used in clinic exhibit xcelent biological and optical characteristics and have good safety and stability after implantation. OBJECTIVE:To compare the outcomes and rotation stability in patients with cataract and astigmatism after implantation of monofocal and multifocal intraocular lens. METHODS:A total of 210 patients with cataract and astigmatism who received phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation were included in this study. Of them, 105 patients were assigned to monofocal intraocular lens implantation and the other 105 patients to multifocal intraocular lens implantation. Uncorrected visual acuity, best corrected visual acuity, residual astigmatism were reexamined at 1, 3 weeks and 1 month after surgery. The rotation of Toric intraocular lens was determined. The incidence of complications and spectacles- independent rate were recorded. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Visual acuity and residual astigmatism in each group were significantly improved after 1 week of intraocular lens implantation (P < 0.05); furthermore, these two indicators became better over time. Improvement of visual acuity and residual astigmatism in multifocal intraocular lens group was more obvious than that in monofocal intraocular lens group. Postoperative intraocular lens rotation at < 5° occurred in both groups. The intraocular lens rotation degree in multifocal intraocular lens group was higher than that in monofocal intraocular lens group at different time points (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in incidence of complications and spectacles-independent rates between two groups at 1 month after surgery. These results demonstrate that multifocal Toric intraocular lens provides better visual acuity and residual astigmatism improvement, while monofocal Toric intraocular lens provides better rotation stability.

Objective To evaluate the impact of donor age on early remnant liver function and regeneration after right lobe adult living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) donation.Methods 43 living donors were divided into 2 groups:donor age ＞ 50,n =8,and donor age ＜ 30,n =35.Alanine aminotransferase (ALT),aspartate aminotransferase (AST),total bilirubin (TB) and liver regenerative ratio (LRR) of donors between the 2 groups were compared.Results There were no significantly different in ALT,AST and TB on days 1,2,3,5 after LDLT between the 2 groups (respectively t =0.147,1.030,-0.903,0.013,0.043,1.362,0.817,0.003,1.121,0.241,1.061 and 0.943,all P＞0.05).There was significant difference between LRR on day 7 (t =-0.965,P =0.042),but the difference was not statistically significant in LRR when evaluated on day 15 after LDLT (t =0.585,P =0.385).Conclusions Remnant liver regeneration on the first week is reversely affected by donor's age after hepatectomy,while the influence of age decreases significantly after 2 weeks.

Objective To evaluate and compare liver regeneration between normal donors and recipients at the different stages after right lobe adult living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) using MSCT.Method Sixty-eight living donors and 63 recipients without complications were included in this study.We did CT volumetric measurement of the liver by using IQQA-Liver workstation.The relationship between graft volume measured by preoperative MSCT and intraoperative actual graft volume was evaluated.The liver regenerative ratio at different stages of donors and recipients after LDLT was calculated and compared.Result Preoperative measurement of total liver and grafts resulted in a mean volume of (1366.99 ± 234.75) cm3 (standard deviation) and (862.73 175.94) cm3 (VCT-right),respectively.Intraoperative volume of the grafts was (654.46 ± 151.23) ml (Vintraop).Corresponding pre-and intraoperative data were correlated significantly each other (r =0.795,P=0.000).Vintraop can be calculated with the equation:Vintraop =64.949 + 0.683 VCT-right.There was significantly difference in LRR between donors and recipients at 0.5,1,3 and 6 months after LDLT (P＜ 0.05).Conclusion The patterns of normal liver regeneration between donors and recipients after LDLT are different.The liver of donors regenerates more significantly and quickly than recipients.Liver volumetric measurement by using MSCT is a valid modality to evaluate liver regeneration after LDLT.

Objective To evaluate the impact of donor age on graft short-term outcome after right lobe adult living donor liver transplantation (LDLT).Method Thirty living recipients were divided into 2 groups according to donor age:older donor group (O group,donor age ＞50,n =5) and younger donor group (Y group,donor age ＜30,n =25).Alanine transarninase (ALT),aspartate transaminase (AST),total bilirubin (TB),prothrombin time (PT) on the postoperative day 1 to 5 and graft liver regenerative ratio (LRR) on the postoperative month 0.5,1,3,and 6 between 2 groups were determined and compared.Result TB on postoperative day 1,2,3,4 and 5 was significantly higher in O group than in Y group there were significant differences between two groups (P＜0.01).There was no significant difference of other liver function parameters 2 groups (P ＞ 0.05).There was no significant difference in LRRs on the postoperative month 0.5,1,3 and 6 months postoperatively between 2 groups after LDLT (P＞0.05).Conclusion Although allografts from older donors in LDLT have prolonged jaundice than those of their younger counterparts,after strictly preoperative evaluation,donor age has little effect on short-term outcomes of graft after LDLT.

OBJECTIVE: To prepare rifampicin suppositories and to determine its dissolution in vitro. METHODS: Rifampicin suppositories were prepared with gelatin and glycerine as base material, the dissolution of rifampicin suppositories was determined by UV spectrophotometry and which were compared with rifampicin capsules sold in the market. RESULTS: The linear range of rifampicin was 10.0～60.0?g?mL-1(r=0.9 999), and the average recovery was 99.87%(RSD=0.42%, n=6). The dissolutions of rifampicin suppositories and rifampicin capsules in vitro at 45min were(89.9?0.97)% and(79.8?1.14)%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Rifampicin suppositories were simple in preparative method, well-formed, low in cost, and with high dissolution in vitro.