OBJECTIVETo explore the mechanism of electroacupuncture at Zusanli (ST 36) on regulation of intestinal inflammatory reaction in rats with acute pancreatitis.

METHODSFifty-four SD rats were randomly divided into a severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) group, an electroacupuncture (EA) group and a sham-operation (SO) group, 18 cases in each group. 3.5% sodium cholate was used to made SAP model by retrograde injecting in cholangiopancreatic duct. After the success of model making, the EA group was treated with EA at bilateral Zusanli (ST 36) for 30 min. The SO group and the SAP group were fixed at the same time for 30 min without treatment. All the rats were killed at 3 h, 6 h and 12 h after modeling in batches. The pathological changes of pancreatic tissue and intestinal epithelium were observed, and the expression of small intestinal occludin protein and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-kappaB) were detected by immunohistochemical SP method.

RESULTSThe pathologic score and the expression of small intestinal NF-kappaB p65 at 3 h, 6 h and 12 h after modeling in the EA group and the SO group were significantly lower than those in the SAP group (all P < 0.05), and the expression of small intestinal occludin protein in the EA group and the SO group were significantly higher than that in the SAP group (all P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONElectroacupuncture at Zusanli (ST 36) can alleviate pancreatic injury by reducing the expression of NF-kappaB p65 and enhancing the expression of occludin protein in the intestinal epithelium in the SAP model rats.

Acupuncture Points ; Acute Disease ; therapy ; Animals ; Electroacupuncture ; Humans ; Intestine, Small ; metabolism ; Male ; NF-kappa B ; genetics ; metabolism ; Occludin ; genetics ; metabolism ; Pancreatitis ; genetics ; metabolism ; therapy ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Adenoma ; Adult ; Ear Neoplasms ; Ear, Middle ; pathology ; Female ; Humans

Particle radiotherapy using proton and heavier-ion beam was first proposed for clinical application by Robert Wilson in 1946. Compared to conventional photon radiation, proton and heavier-ion beam has significant physical advantage, and heavier-ion has unique biological characteristics. With the development of accelerator and radiation technique, it is being investigated for tumor treatment in many clinical centers. This article reviews the current status of clinical application of particle therapy using proton and heavier-ion beam in digestive system tumor.
Animals ; Digestive System Neoplasms ; therapy ; Heavy Ion Radiotherapy ; Heavy Ions ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Protons ; therapeutic use

ObjectiveTo analyze the characteristics of top of the basilar syndrome (TOBS) in clinic and imaging.MethodsData of 31 TOBS cases were analyzed retrospectively.ResultsThe clinical features of TOBS patients were sudden unconsciousness or vertigo and dyskinesia of the limbs, the dismovement of the eyeballs, abnormality of the pupils, partial blindness or cortical blindness, hypesthesia, disturbance of memory and counting. CT and MRI showed multi-infarction included thalami, occipital lobe, cerebellum, midbrain, temporal lobe.ConclusionTOBS can be diagnosed accurately according to clinical features and imaging signs.

The genome of a new SV40 strain(SV-IMB)isolated from a rhesus monkey was completely sequenced and compared with other isolates.The results showed that the whole genome contains 5246bp,and the average identity of SV-IMB was 98.1% as compared to other SV40 isolates.Its regulatory region is composed of a complete enhancer and a defective enhancer.Amino acid changes occurred to some extent in both the large T antigen (T-Ag) and VP1 region.The findings demonstrate that the SV-IMB is a new SV40 isolate.

We applied Lempel-Ziv complexity (LZC) combined with brain electrical activity mapping (BEAM) to study the change of alertness under sleep deprivation in our research. Ten subjects were involved in 36 hours sleep deprivation (SD), during which spontaneous electroencephalogram (EEG) experiments and auditory evoked EEG experiments-Oddball were recorded once every 6 hours. Spontaneous and evoked EEG data were calculated and BEAMs were structured. Results showed that during the 36 hours of SD, alertness could be divided into three stages, i. e. the first 12 hours as the high stage, the middle 12 hours as the rapid decline stage and the last 12 hours as the low stage. During the period SD, LZC of Spontaneous EEG decreased over the whole brain to some extent, but remained consistent with the subjective scales. By BEAMs of event related potential, LZC on frontal cortex decreased, but kept consistent with the behavioral responses. Therefore, LZC can be effective to reflect the change of brain alertness. At the same time LZC could be used as a practical index to monitor real-time alertness because of its simple computation and fast calculation.
Attention ; physiology ; Brain Mapping ; Electroencephalography ; Evoked Potentials ; Humans ; Nonlinear Dynamics ; Sleep Deprivation

Objective To discuss the feasibility and benefits of staged ureteroscopic laser lithotripsy in complicated cases. Methods From May 2005 to May 2008, the staged ureteroscopic procedure was done in 56 cases for ureteric stricture, kinking, spasm or high mobility of ureteric mucosa. Encountering difficulties, with the guide wire settled in place, the endoscopic procedure was ended and a ureteral stent was set. A second ureteroscopic procedure was carried out two weeks later. Results There was no difficulty for the insertion and the advancing of the ureteroscope two weeks later in all 56 cases. Among the 41 cases previously having the ureteric calculi, the stone was pushed into the kidney by the stent in 16 cases. There was no surgical complication during the second procedure. After three months the complete evacuation rate of the calculus was 96.4%. No patient experienced a fever >39.1 ℃ after the first attempt. Conclusions For complicated cases, such as ureteric stricture, spasm, kinking and high mobility of the ureteric mucosa which hinder the safe advancing of the ureteroscope, staged ureteroscopic procedure might be a safe and effective choice.

Objective To investigate the pathogenesis of gallbladder chaotic dynamics after partial gastrec-tomy. Methods 140 cases operated by partial gastrectomy after 6 months were randomly examined, they in-cluded one group of 40 cases by Billroth type and the other 100 cases by Eiselsberg type. The ultrasonograph was applied to evaluate the function of gallbladder dynamics and radio-immunity method to determine the content of CCK at the time of having no food and 30 minutes after med. Results BV and RV of Eiselsberg group were bigger than Billroth Ⅰ obviously P<0.05. Gallbladder contraction rate displayed not well obvi-ously as too. The plasm level of CCK had no manifested distinctions in empty stomach cases of the 2 groups, but the increasing gradient plasm level of CCK in Billroth Ⅰ exceeded Eiselsberg type. Conclusions The pathogenesis of gallbladder chaotic dynamics after partial gastrectomy was correlated with the alterative type of partial gastrectomy, the reduction of CCK plasm level, the damage of anterior vagal trunk hepatic branches during the operations and so on led to the disorder of gallbladder emptying and induced cholecystolithiasis.

Objectives: To evaluate the clinical significance of nuclear matrix protein 22 (NMP 22) in the detection of bladder transitional cell carcinoma (BTCC) and compare with voided urine cytology(VUC). Methods: A total of 69 cases with voided urine samples for NMP 22 and VUC test were included in this study. Thirty of them were BTCC patients(BTCC group) and twenty nine suffered from other urological diseases (nonbladder cancer group, NBC group). Ten were healthy volunteers (control group). Results: The NMP 22 values for BTCC group (67.3 U/ml) were significantly higher than that of NBC group(7.4 U/ml) and control group (4.3 U/ml)( P 0.05). NMP 22 was more sensitive than VUC in low grade BTCC(Ⅰ,Ⅱ)(62.50% vs 12.50%,P 0.05). Conclusions:Urinary NMP 22 is a useful marker for the early diagnosis of BTCC. It is more sensitive than VUC in low stage and grade BTCC.

OBJECTIVE To map a comprehensive metabolic pathway of herbacetin in rats, specifically, to elucidate the biotransformation of herbacetin in vivo and to simultaneously monitor the pharmacokinetic process of both parent drug and its major metabolites. METHODS liquid chromatography/ion trap mass spectrometry (LC/MSn) and ultra-liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (UPLC/MS) were combined in the current study for qualitative and quantitative determinations of herbacetin and its metabolites in bile, urine and feces after both oral and intravenous administration of herbacetin to rats. Enzyme kinetic studies on the intestinal and hepatic metabolism of herbacetin were further conducted to elucidate metabolic profiles of herbacetin in rat tissues and organs. Additionally, plasma concentration profiles of herbacetin and its metabolites in rats were obtained to characterize the overall pharmacokinetic behavior of herbacetin. RESULTS It was found that herbacetin was excreted primarily from rat urine in the form of glucuronide-conjugations. Subsequent in vitro enzyme kinetic studies and in vivo pharmacokinetic investigations suggested an extensive hepatic metabolism of herbacetin and the high exposure of herbacetin- glucuronides in systemic circulation. The clearance, half- life and bioavailability of herbacetin in rats were determined as (16.4±1.92)mL·kg-1·min-1, (11.9±2.7)min, and 1.32%, respectively. On basis of these findings, a comprehensive metabolic pathway of herbacetin in rats was composed. In addition, a physiology based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model was successfully developed with the aid of the GastroPlus to simulate the pharmacokinetic process of herbacetin in rats. Application of the PBPK modeling can provide a useful starting point to understand and extrapolate pharmacokinetic parameters among different species, populations, and disease states. CONCLUSION After oral administration, herbacetin was subjected to colonic degradation and extensive first pass metabolism, with glucuronidation as its dominating in vivo metabolic pathway.