Objective To investigate the influence of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) on the pulmonary morphologic changes of fetal rats.Methods Twenty pregnant SD rats at 15 days of gestations were randomly divided into ICP and control group.Rats in the ICP group were subcutaneously injected with 17-α-ethinylestradiol and progesterone for 5 consecutive days to establish the rat ICP model, and those of the control group received subcutaneous injection of sirasimeyu also for 5 days.The levels of serum alanine aminotransferases (ALT), aspartate transamlnase (AST), and total bile salt (TBA) were measured before and after the treatment, respectively.Maternal rats were sacrificed on 21 days of gestations and hysterotomies were performed immediately.Histopathologic changes of mammal rats' livers and fetal lungs were observed under light and electron microscopes.Results (1) The maternal serum levels of ALT, AST, and TBA showed no significant difference between the ICP and control group [ALT: (55 ± 15) vs (49 ±12) U/L; AST:(146±16)vs (145±20) U/L; TBA: (13±4) vs (14 ±4) μmol/L, P>0.05, respectively]before the ICP models were established, but higher levels were shown in the ICP group after [ALT: (94±12) vs (59±17) U/L; AST: (245±26) vs (163±27) U/L; TBA: (44±16) vs (17± 3) μmol/L, P <0.05, respectively].(2) The livers of maternal rats' in the ICP group were gloomy with blurred margins, however those of the control group were normal.Microscopic observed swollen and degenerated hepatocytes with narrowed hepatic sinusoid, dilated bile duct and necrosis of hepatocytes occasionally in the ICP group, while the morphology of hepatocytes and structures of lobuli hepatis in the control group were normal.(3) The fetal pulmonary tissues in the ICP group were dark, and normal in the control group.Histopathologic examination showed matured fetal pulmonary tissues with dilated and congested interstitial lung capillaries, thickened alveolar septum, mild focal inflammatory exudation and focal hemorrhage in alveolus.Furthermore, reduced microvilli, mitochondrion vacuolization, cytoplasm disintegration and increased lamellar body evacuation were observed in type Ⅱ pneumonocytes in ICP group under light and electron microscopes.While fetal pulmonary tissues of the control group did not show any significant lesions.Conclusions Rat model of ICP can be established with the combination of estrogen and progestin.Hyperbileacidemia in ICP rat may lead to pathological changes in fetal pulmonary tissues.

Objective To investigate the pulmonary morphologic changes and pulmonary surfactant protein A (SP-A) mRNA expression in fetal rats with maternal intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP).Methods Animal models of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy were induced by 17-α-ethinylestradiol and progesterone.Histopathologic examination of the fetal lungs was performed under light and electronic microscopes.The expression of SP-A mRNA in the fetal lungs was measured by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction technique.Results (1) Compared with the control group,histopathologic examination showed that fetal pulmonary tissues had dilated and congested interstitial lung capillaries,thickened alveolar septum,mild focal inflammatory exudation and focal hemorrhage in alveolus.Furthermore,reduced microvilli,mitochondrion vacuolization,cytoplasm disintegration and increased lamellar body evacuation were observed in alveolar epithelial cell II in ICP group under light and electronic microscopes.(2) Expression of SP-A mRNA in fetal lungs of ICP group (0.71 + 0.10) was significantly lower than that in control group (1.00±0.27),t=3.093,P＜0.05.Conclusions Hyperbileacidemia in ICP maternal rat might lead to pathological changes in fetal pulmonary tissues.Low expression of SP-A mRNA might contribute to lesions of fetal lung with ICP.

OBJECTIVE:To objectively evaluate the conditions of the import d rugs so as to provide a basis for the rea?sonable regulating of drug use structure.METHODS:The data about the sales sum,drug variety,pharmaco-categorization,antimicrobial drugs and so on of drugs used in10hospital of Shenyang during2001～2003were analyzed statistical?ly.RESULTS:The variety kinds and the proportion of sales sum to the total of the import drugs have decreased;The antimi?crobial drugs remained a dominating place in terms of drug variety and sales sum for the3years in succession;The drugs that dominated the first10places in terms of sales sum accounted for above70%of the total sales sum of antimicrobial drugs for the3years.CONCLUSION:The import drugs have been replaced by drugs from the joint venture and the domestic markets,it is necessary for the concerned institution to take effective measures to tackle the problem of over-centered drugs use of antimi?crobials.

Objective:To design and analyze a muscle relaxation monitoring system so as to increase the anesthesia efficiency and safety.Methods: The hardware design of system was based on single chip machine (STC89C52RC), and it has the function of LCD real-time display for pressure change and the printing function. The design of software mainly included the system main program design, pressure sensor subroutine, A/D conversion subroutine, LCD real-time display subroutine and printer subroutine, etc.Results:Through the multiple times of test and improvement for the system, the system has achieved stably run, and the pressure value could achieve accurately display between 0-100N.Conclusion: The monitoring system of muscular relaxation has series of advantages, such as simple circuit design, low cost, higher reliability and practicability and so on. It can real-timely and effectively monitor the change of the indexes of muscular relaxation for patients during operation. And the anesthesiologist can effectively control and change medication for patients. In this way, the monitoring system can increase the anesthetic efficiency and decrease the incidence of postoperative residual muscle relaxant.

The treatment of spinal cord injury is always a stubborn problem for neurosurgeons because nerve cell cannot regenerate by itself and the glia scar can prevent the axonal regeneration. Therefore, to decrease the neuron death and formation of scar and to increase axonal regeneration are the keys for clinical treatment. Many studies showed that the olfactory ensheathing cells(OEC) can promote axonal regeneration and prover axonal growth,bringing hope for treament of spine injury, but the result is not satisfactory in clinic. In order to improve the clinical effect of OES transplantation many studies combine it with genetic engineering and tissue engineering and some progress is made.

In order to probe into effect of stimulation of wind, cold and Sdampness to the cervical part on oxygen free radical and prostaglandins, 24 rabbits were randomly assigned to control group and wind - cold - Sdampness group, head - lowering group and combined model group, 6 rabbits in each group, and changes of superoxide dismutase (SOD),lipid hyperoxide (LPO), prostanglandin E2 (PGE2), 6 -keto -PGF1a in affected local region and blood were observed. Results indicated that the commonly - seen pathogenetic factors of cervical spondylopathy such as wind, cold , dampness and lowering head might cause aspetic inflammation of the cervical part and abnormality of SOD, LPO, PGE2 and 6 - keto - PGF1a in affected local tissue and blood, and abnormal metabolism of oxygen free radical and prostagnadins might be one of important mechanisms of cervical spondylopathy induced by wind, cold and dampness.

Spinal disease is the injury caused by congenital malformation, degeneration, inflammation and trauma. These injuries lead to structural lesion of spinal itself, intervertebral discs, spinal cord, nerve root and the attachment, and can cause spinal and associated diseases. Spinal diseases include some frequently encountered diseases, as well as some stubborn and serious diseases. These diseases may cause pain of head and neck, shoulder and arm, waist and leg when they are mild, and partial or thorough paralysis when they are serious. In this article, the history, development, foundations and research progress of non-surgical operation of spinal diseases and the developing tendency of modern spinology are introduced.

Colorimetry ; Coloring Agents ; Evaluation Studies as Topic ; Filtration ; methods ; Food ; Humans ; Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted ; Mastication ; physiology ; Particle Size ; Time Factors

Objective: To study the mechanisms and treatment of ischemia/reperfusion injury. Expression of E selectin was measured and the effect on suppression of E selectin by the Pyrrolidine Dithiocarbamate was investigated. Methods: Endothelial cells were exposed to hypoxia, then returned to reoxygenation condition. ELISA methods were used to detect expression of E selectin. Results: E selectin expression on hypoxia/reoxygenation stimulated endothelial cells increased, PDTC could suppress translation of E selectin effectively. Conclusion: It seems that E selectin may act as a critical factor. PDTC may prove beneficial in the treatment of ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Objective: To study the in vivo metabolic pathways of liquiritin (LQ) in rats. Methods: An HPLC-QTRAP-MS method was established and applied to identify the metabolites of LQ in bile, urine, feces, and plasma after ig administration of LQ (300 mg/kg) to rats. Results: A total of nine metabolites were found in rats. The major metabolic pathway of LQ was deglucosidation to liquiritigenin (LG) and dehydration, glucuronidation, and sulfation of LG. Conclusion: LQ undergoes extensive phases I and II metabolism in rats. The major metabolites of LQ are LG and its glucuronides and sulfates.