Autophagy is a physiological process which delivers the mutant cytoplasmic proteins and dysfunctional subcellular organs into lysosomes for degradation to generate fuel in the deficiency conditions. It is mainly classified into macroautophagy, microautophagy and chaperon-mediated autophagy (CMA), as well as the selective autophagy such as mitophagy and aggrephagy. This review mainly introduces the key molecular markers of macroautophagy, CMA and mitophagy.
Autophagy ; Humans ; Lysosomes ; Mitochondrial Degradation ; Molecular Chaperones

Notch signal pathway is closely related to the organism's development and a variety of cancers. Current models available for screening modulators of Notch signal pathway all use mouse Notch protein as substrates and those models which use human Notch protein have not been reported. To make the screen results much more reliable, the authors cloned a truncated form of human Notch1 called N100, and built the screening models for the use of it instead of mouse Notch protein. The models included an in vitro screening model based on the purified gamma-secretase enzyme and a cell model using luciferase reporter system. The screening models then have been verified by the known modulators of Notch signal pathway and the IC50 values have been obtained. The verified models can be used to screen modulators of human Notch signaling pathway effectively and it can lay the foundation for finding new modulators of this kind effectively.
Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases ; Animals ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; methods ; Humans ; Luciferases ; Mice ; Receptors, Notch ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Signal Transduction

Notch signal pathway is closely related to the organism's development and a variety of cancers. Current models available for screening modulators of Notch signal pathway all use mouse Notch protein as substrates and those models which use human Notch protein have not been reported. To make the screen results much more reliable, the authors cloned a truncated form of human Notch1 called N100, and built the screening models for the use of it instead of mouse Notch protein. The models included an in vitro screening model based on the purified gamma-secretase enzyme and a cell model using luciferase reporter system. The screening models then have been verified by the known modulators of Notch signal pathway and the IC50 values have been obtained. The verified models can be used to screen modulators of human Notch signaling pathway effectively and it can lay the foundation for finding new modulators of this kind effectively.

Objective To explore the effect of palmatine sequential therapy combined with exercise therapy on serum inflammatory markers in the treatment of patients with pelvic inflammatory disease.Methods 120 cases of pelvic inflammatory disease from January 2015 to January 2016 admitted to our hospital and randomly divided into experimental group and control group (60 cases of each group).The two groups of patients were given basic treatment of ciprofloxacin and tinidazole, while experimental group were given fibrauretine combined with exercise therapy, with a course of 4 weeks. Results Before treatment, there was no significant difference in serum IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-αand CRP levels between two groups.After treatment, the above indicators in experimental group were lower than those in control group(P<0.05).After treatment, the scores of abdominal pain, lumbosacral pain, vaginal discharge volume, white and thin leucorrhea, dizziness and tinnitus, menometrorrhagia or hypomenorrhea were significantly lower in experimental group than those in control group(P<0.05).The total effective rate of experimental group was 96.67%, which was significantly higher than 83.33%in control group, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Palmatine sequential therapy combined with exercise therapy could further improve the patient's inflammatory response syndromes, thereby improving clinical outcomes.

Autophagy is a physiological process which delivers the mutant cytoplasmic proteins and dysfunctional subcellular organs into lysosomes for degradation to generate fuel in the deficiency conditions. It is mainly classified into macroautophagy, microautophagy and chaperon-mediated autophagy (CMA), as well as the selective autophagy such as mitophagy and aggrephagy. This review mainly introduces the key molecular markers of macroautophagy, CMA and mitophagy.

Objective:To study the effect of SH2-B? on asthma.Methods:After inhibition of SH2-B?,the cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF) were counted,and IL-4 and IgE in BALF,sera and culture supernants of spleen cells were measured by means of ELISA.The changes of the airway resistance and lung function were analyzed by means of animal lungs function analysis system.Results:Compared with that of the asthmatic group,1)Airway resistance to methacholine(MCh) was decreased significantly in anti-SH2-B? group(P

Objective To investigate the relationship between the expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (C-erbB-2), phosphorylated protein kinase B (p-Akt) and the effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in breast cancer.MethodsSelected May 2014 to December 2015 in quasi in our hospital for surgical treatment of 114 cases of patients with breast cancer research, the immunity group dyeing expression levels of C-erbB-2 and p-Akt detection NAC patients before treatment in breast cancer, its relationship with the clinicopathological features of patients, NAC recent curative effect analysis.Results114 patients c-erbB-2 positive 79 cases 69.30% p-Akt positive in 77 cases (67.54%) and breast cancer c-erbB-2 positive rate, p-Akt positive rate of main and tumor differentiation degree, the occurrence of lymph node metastasis (P<0.05);negative c-erbB-2 expression in patients with NAC total effectiveness 80.00% significantly higher than the 54.43% of positive patients (P<0.05);p-Akt negative expression patients with NAC total efficiency 75.68% significantly higher than positive patients of 55.84% (P<0.05).ConclusionThe high expression of p-Akt and C-erbB-2 protein in breast cancer tissue decreased the sensitivity of NAC treatment, and the effect was not good.

Cardiac stroke is a stroke that occurs when a heart mural thrombus falls off and embolizes in the cerebral arterial system caused by various causes of heart disease, accounting for about 30% of all ischemic strokes. At present, in order to find evidence that emboli may originate from the heart, a large number of auxiliary examinations are needed. Good blood biomarkers are essential for the rapid identification of ischemic stroke in the emergency department. However, there is no breakthrough in this area. Brain natriuretic peptide is secreted in ventricular muscle and hypothalamus. It may be an important bridge between brain and heart diseases. However, the application of brain natriuretic peptide in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiogenic stroke is still very limited. This article reviews the current research status of brain natriuretic peptide levels and cardiogenic stroke and proposes further research trends and prospects.

Female ; Humans ; Hypophosphatemia ; etiology ; Middle Aged ; Osteomalacia ; etiology ; Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms ; complications

Tissue engineering provides urologists a new way to fix or reconstruct the impaired organs.Reconstitution of corporal bodies of penis with engineered tissue substitutes has been applied in animal models.In hypospadias reconstruction,the use of engineered tissue substitutes has been applied clinically.The clinical application of bladder tissue substitutes has been ongoing phase II clinical trial.Great progress has been made in renal replacement therapy with clinical application of human progenitor cells in hemofiltration units,and the engineered intracorporeal renal replacement unit will come true by additional studies.The current status of tissue engineering in clinical practice of urology is reviewed in this paper.