Objective To investigate the effect of nerve growth factor(NGF)injection solution on immunosuppression in mice.Methods The immunosuppressed mice were induced by cyclophosphamide(Cy,80mg/kg,sc).The immunomodulatory effects of the drug were measured by cleaning carbon particle method,simple diffusion method,delayed type hypersensitivity(DTH),3H-TdR entering method and indirect immunofluorescence assay.Results The k value;a value,the level of serum IgG and ear swelling were remarkably decreased by NGF injection [0.01,0.1 mg/(kg? d)?10d,im].In addition,the number of L3T+4 Cells of peripheral blood and the ratio of L3T+4/Ly-2+ cell increase.Conclusion NGF has an enhanced effect on experimental immunosuppression in mice,which provides a theoretical basis for NGF treating tumor patients with nervous injure by chemotherapy or radiotherapy.

Objective: To study the meal qanity of the patient with chronic renal failure(CRF). Methods: The nutritional state of 140 CRF patients was researched,basing on the diet history. Results: With the progression of course of CRF ,the nutritional states of patients with CRF were getting worse . Conclusions: The nutritional state of CRF patients should be paid attention to.

Objective To investigate the effect of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate(PDTC)on Pseudomonas aeruginosa induced pneumoneia of rats.Metheds A PA induced pneumonia model was established in Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats.Sixty minutes before PA exposure,PDTC and normal saline were injected into abdominal cavity separately.At 3,9,and 24 h after PA exposure,the rats were sacrificed,and the wet/dry ratio(W/D)of lung tissue was measured and histopathologic changes were observed.The number of in-filtrated polymorphonuclear(PMN)leukocytes was calculated.Immunohistochemical staining with activated NF-?B antibody was performed to detect the expression of NF-?B in lung tissues.The changes of IL-8 levels in bronchoalveolar lavage were identified by ELISA.Results Histology findings demonstrated that PA exposure induced obvious changes in lung structure,and edema and pronounced inflammatory cells infiltration were observed.Both symptoms and lesions of lung were lesser in the rats of PDTC group than those of the PA group.Compared with PDTC group,the activation of NF-?B and the expression of IL-8 were significantly up-regulated after PA challenge 3~24 h(P

Type 2 innate lymphoid cells ( ILC2s) are recently identified members of the innate lymphoid cell ( ILC) family. These cells are capable of producing Th2-type cytokines such as IL-5 and IL-13 in response to epithelial cell-derived cytokines IL-25 and IL-33 and play critical roles in allergic diseases such as bronchial asthma. Further investigations on ILC2s will enhance the better understanding of type 2 immune responses and may provide new strategies for the treatment of allergic asthma. In this review, we fo-cus on the origin, location and biological function of ILC2s as well as their possible roles in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma.

Tumor associate macrophages ( TAMs) play a significant role in the interaction of tumor inflam-mative microenvironment and tumor cells .TAMs originate from monocytic precursors ,recruiting into tumor tissue by colony stimulating factor ( CSF) .This review summarized that TAMs promote tumor progression and metastasis though angiogenesis ,lymphogenesis , immunosuppression , matrix remodeling and affecting cancer stem cells .The article pointed that targeting TAMs is a new strategy for future tumor therapy .

Objective To evaluate the effect of flurbiprofen axetil pretreatment on the level of central β-endorphin in a rat model of incisional pain.Methods Fifty-four SPF male healthy Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 6-7 weeks,weighing 180-230 g,were divided into 3 groups (n=18 each) using a random number table:control group (group C),incisional pain group (group Ⅰ) and flurbiprofen axetil pretreatnent group (group FA).At 30 min before the model of incisional pain was established,fat emulsion 1 ml was injected via the caudal vein in group Ⅰ,and flurbiprofen axetil 6 mg/kg (diluted to 1 ml in fat emulsion) was injected via the caudal vein in group FA.The mechanical paw withdrawal threshold (MWT) was measured at 1 day before establishment of the model and 1,6 and 12 h after establishment of the model (T1-3).The rats were sacrificed after measurement of pain threshold at T1-3,and the lumbar enlargement segment of the spinal cord and hypothalamic arcuate nucleus specimens were obtained for determination of β-endorphin content (by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) and β-endorphin expression (by immunohistochemistry).Results Compared with group C,the MWT was significantly decreased at T1-3 in I and FA groups,the content and expression of β-endorphin in the spinal cord were significantly decreased at T2,3,and the content and expression of β-endorphin in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus were increased at T1 in group Ⅰ,and the content and expression of β-endorphin in the spinal cord and hypothalamic arcuate nucleus were significantly increased at T1-3 in group FA (P＜0.05).Compared with group Ⅰ,the MWT was significantly increased,and the content and expression of β-endorphin in the spinal cord and hypothalamic arcuate nucleus were increased at T1-3 in group FA (P＜0.05).Conclusion The mechanism by which flurbiprofen axetil pretreatment produces analgesic effect may be related to the increased level of central β-endorphine in a rat modal of incisional pain.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of methotrexate combined with dilatation and curettage on the treatment of cesarean section scar pregnancy and the effect on HCG (chorionic gonadotropin). Methods 130 cases with cesarean section scar pregnancy admitted in Taizhou hospital from January 2016 to March 2017 were randomly divided into two groups. The control group wasreceived dilatation and curettage. The study group was given methotrexate combined with dilatation and curettage.The effect and the influence to HCG in the two groups were compared. Results The effective rate in the study group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in HCG level between the two groups before treatment. The levels of HCG in the study group were significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Methotrexate combined with curettage on the treatment of cesarean scar pregnancy, can improve the therapeutic effect, reduce postoperative bleeding and hospitalization time, reduce the level of HCG.

AIM: To provide a rapid method for identifying fruit of Eucalyptus globule labill. METHODS: A new method, using NIRS for rapid and nondestructive classfication of the fruit of Eucalyptus globules labill and its counterfeit drug, the fruit of Eucalyptus robusta Smith, was proposed and then cluster analysis was adopted. RESULTS: The result showed that two kinds of fruits had their own characteristic NIRS spectra. CONCLUSION: The method is quick, simple and reliable, and in combination of the fingerprint NIRS spectrum and the clustering analysis is easy to identify the adulteration.

Objective:To explore the mechanism of complement 5a (C5a) in the pathogenesis of sepsis.Methods:SPF male C57BL/6J mice were selected and divided into sham operation group (Sham group), cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) group and CLP+anti-C5A monoclonal antibody intervention group (CLP+anti-C5a group) according to random number table with 20 mice in each group. A CLP model was reproduced to induce sepsis, and those in the Sham group only underwent laparotomy without ligation and perforation. In the CLP+anti-C5a group, 0.15 mg of anti-C5a monoclonal antibody was injected intraperitoneally immediately after CLP, and in the Sham group and CLP group were given equal amount of normal saline. The cumulative survival rate was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier method. Serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukins (IL-12, IL-4), and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) were measured 24, 48 and 72 hours after operation by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Immunohistochemical staining was used to observe the expression of C5a receptor (C5aR) in lung and kidney tissues 48 hours after operation. The proportions of dendritic cell (DC), regulatory T cell (Treg) and helper T cell 17 (Th17) in splenic mononuclear cells 48 hours after operation were analyzed by flow cytometry.Results:The 7-day cumulative survival rate of mice in the CLP group was significantly lower than that in the Sham group (30.00% vs. 100.00%; Log-Rank test: χ 2 = 47.470, P < 0.001), and the peripheral blood inflammatory mediators TNF-α, IL-12 and IL-4 were increased 24 hours after operation, followed by a significant decreasing at 48 hours, and then gradually increased at 72 hours. IFN-γ gradually increased 24 hours after operation and lasted for 72 hours. Immunohistochemistry showed that a large number of C5aR was expressed in pulmonary and renal endothelial cells 48 hours after operation in the CLP group. Compared with the Sham group, the proportion of DC [(1.80±0.30)% vs. (6.90±1.20)%, P < 0.05] and Treg [(0.38±0.02)% vs. (4.00±0.50)%, P < 0.05] in splenic mononuclear cells was down-regulated in the CLP group, the proportion of Th17 was up-regulated [(0.83±0.08)% vs. (0.32±0.03)%, P < 0.05], and disorder of immune function was found. After anti-C5A monoclonal antibody intervention, the 7-day cumulative survival rate increased significantly compared with the CLP group (54.54% vs. 30.00%; Log-Rank test: χ 2 = 28.090, P < 0.001); TNF-α, IL-12 and IFN-γ were further increased, while IL-4 was significantly decreased; the expression of C5aR in lung and kidney tissues were significantly decreased, and the expression of mature DC cells [(5.10±1.20)% vs. (1.80±0.30)%, P < 0.05] and Treg [(2.58±0.05)% vs. (0.38±0.02)%, P < 0.05] in spleen were significantly increased compared with the CLP group, and Th17 was significantly decreased [(0.54±0.05)% vs. (0.83±0.08)%, P < 0.05]. Conclusion:It is preliminarily concluded that anti-C5A monoclonal antibody may improve the prognosis of sepsis by improving the polarization of mature DC and T cells in the spleen, and C5a plays an important role in the immune regulation of sepsis cells.

Objective To explore the feasibility and short-term efficacy of laparoscopic and thoracoscopic Ivor Lewis esophagectomy using a circular-stapled anastomosis with trans-oral anvil in treating esophageal carcinoma.Methods 30 consecutive patients with esophageal cancer received minimally invasive Ivor Lewis esophagectomy from January 2011 to December 2011.Operations of all the cases comprised of both abdominal and thoracic procedures which were performed with Iaparoscopic and thoracoscopic techniques respectively.The intrathoracic esophago-gastric anastomosis was created using a circular-stapled anastomosis with trans-oral anvil technique.Results There were 24 males and 6 female with median age of 62.5-year-old (from 47 to 82).The lesions located in middle and/or lower portion of the esophagus.25 patients with esophageal squamous cell cancer (n =25) and 5 patients with adenocarcinoma (n =5) underwent an Ivor Lewis esophagectomy.All the operations were successfully performed without intra-operative technical failures of the anastomosis or deaths.The mean operation time was 95 minutes in abdomen and 177 minutes in thorax.The mean blood loss was 310 ml.The mean number of harvested lymph nodes was 10.6 from thorax and 4.9 from abdomen.Postoperalively,there were thoracic wound infections in 4 patients.One patient had a left diaphragmatic hernia and was successfully treated by re-operation 6 days after first operation.One patient had chylothorax and recovered without surgery.There was no anastomotic leak and the patients were able to have spoon meat at 5.6 postoperative days.Conclusion Laparoscopic and thoracoscopic Ivor Lewis esophagectomy can be accomplished smoothly with acceptable occurrence of complications.The circular-stapled anastomosis with the trans-oral anvil is an efficient,safe and reproducible technique for intrathoracic esophago-gastric anastomosis.