Objective To investigate the effective dose of dexmedetomidine on reducing agitation after sevoflurane anesthesia in patients undergoing repair of indirect inguinal hernia .Methods 105 patients ( ASAⅠ-Ⅱ) were randomly assigned into three groups ,35 cases in each group .In the observation group 1 and observation group 2, the patients received intravenous injection of dexmedetomidine 0.15μg/kg and 0.30μg/kg respectively.In the control group,the patients received intravenous injection of 0.9% normal saline solution 2mL before surgery.All patients were induced by 3%sevoflurane and maitained by 1.2%sevoflurane and hiatus sacralis block .During the operation, the BP,HR,SpO2,RR were recorded.At the end of anesthesia,the time to eyes opening (TEO) and agitation of emer-gence were recorded.Results The TEO of the control group,observation group 1,observation group 2 was (8.45 ± 4.02)min,(9.23 ±5.03)min,(10.81 ±4.06)min,respectively,and there were no significant differences among the three groups(all P>0.05).The incidence rate of agitation of the observation group 1 was 20.00%,which was signifi-cantly lower than that in the control group (42.86%) (χ2 =31.42,P<0.05 ),and that of the observation group 2(8.57%) was significantly lower than the control group and observation group 1(χ2 =24.37,7.53,all P<0.05). Conclusion The dose of dexmedetomidine 0.3μg/kg administered after induction of anesthesia can reduce the post-sevoflurane agitation in children and with no adverse effects .

The sorts of harms brought by medical equipment are introduced and the importance of preventing these harms is emphasized.The relationship between the usability and safety of medical equipment is discussed.It is pointed out that the research of usability is necessary to improve equipment safety.Meanwhile,from the perspective of government and industry regulation,it shows that it is crucial to set up the laws and regulations for safety of medical equipment.Finally,it concludes that only if the operation training and day-to-day maintenance and management are strengthened,would the equipment's safety and reliability be ensured.

Objective:To test the reliability and validity of the Behavior Rating Scale of Executive Function(BRIEF) teacher form for school age in China.Methods:A total of 185 children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD),post-tramatic stress disorder(PTSD) or conduct disorder(CD),and 324 normal children were enrolled in this research.Parents of the subjects completed the BRIEF parent form,while teachers of the subjects filled in the BRIEF teacher form and the teacher form of Achenbach child behavior checklist(TRF).Performance-based tests of executive function,including the Stroop,trail-making,digit span and Tower of Hanoi(TOH) were carried out in some controls(n=57) and ADHD subjects(n=32).Results:Test-retest reliability coefficients were 0.65~0.86 and Cronbach ? coefficients were 0.73~0.98.The inhibition subscale and monitor subscale of BRIEF teacher form were significantly correlated with subscale of TRF(r=0.47~0.88,Ps

The status quo of China's Clinical Medical Engineering is analyzed in detail using SWOT,which shows its strength and weakness sufficiently,and forecasts the latent threat from outside.Based on the analysis above,some measures are brought forward for rapid progress of China's Clinical Medical Engineering.

Child ; Consensus ; Disease Management ; Humans ; Pediatrics ; Shock, Septic ; therapy

Hyper glycemia and hypoglycemia are associated with poor outcome of critically ill patients.No consistent evidence shows that intensive insulin strategy improves health outcomes in hospitalized patients.Because of its potentially harmful and life-threatening consequences,hypoglycemia represents the main limit to the development of a tight blood glucose control strategy in critical illness.Hypoglycemia-related neurological signs may be masked.The occurrence of hypoglycemia in critical illness,especially severe hypoglycemia,is associated with a poor prognosis.So it is necessary to closely detect glycemic variability and control the blood glucose in proper level.

Acute Coronary Syndrome ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Angina Pectoris ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Atherosclerosis ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Ultrasonography, Interventional ; methods ; Young Adult

This paper is a literature review of impact of comorbidity on the executive function(EF) of patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD).Over 80% of children and adolescents and 65%-89% of adults with ADHD suffer from one or more additional psychiatric disorders.EF deficits in ADHD of all ages can be demonstrated to be independent of psychiatric comorbidity.The presence of comorbid learning disorder(LD) and mood disorder(MD) appears to increase the EF deficits in ADHD which seems to be decreased by the the presence of comorbid anxiety disorder and oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder(ODD/CD).However,the comorbidity of LD,MD,ODD/CD and Tourette syndrome may have no impact on the EF deficits in ADHD.

Objective:To test the reliability and validity of the behavior rating scale of executive function(BRIEF) parent form for school age children in China.Methods:A total of 216 patients [attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) or schizophrenia or autism] and 311 normal controls were involved in this research.Parents of the subjects completed the BRIEF,ADHD rating scale-Ⅳ,Conners,and Rutter rating scales.And performance-based tests of executive function were carried out among some of the controls and ADHD subjects.These tests included Rey-Osterrieth complex figure(ROCF),trail-making test,digit span test,Tower of Hanoi(TOH), and Stroop test.Results:Test-retest reliability was 0.68—0.89 and Cronbach a coefficient was 0.74—0.96 except for the initial subscale(0.61).Subscales of BRIEF were moderately correlated(r=0.41—0.64) with subscales of other criteria scales such as ADHD rating scale-Ⅳ,etc.And there were correlations(r=0.32—0.41) between subscales of BRIEF and some indexes of the performance-based tests of executive function in the control group while the correlations in the diagnostic group were negative.For example,the inhibition subscale correlated with detailed score of ROCF delayed recall test and Stroop word-color interference time(r=-0.32,0.38).The working memory subscale correlated with time for trial B of the trail-making test,numbers of backwards digit test and Stroop word-color interference time(r=0.30,-0.39,0.41).Lisrel Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the 8-subscale model of BRIEF was reasonable.Compared with the control group,the diagnostic groups(ADHD-C,ADHD-I,schizophrenia and autism) got significant higher scores almost on all subscales of BRIEF(Z=-3.17—-4.17,P

The distribution and numbers of SRIF-immunoreactive cell bodies and fibers in normal and castrated rats hypothalamus were studied by PAP immunocytochemistry. The results showed that the positive cell bodies and fibers in periventricular nucleus (PV), suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) and paraventricular nucleus (PVN) were more numerous in male than in female. Another marked sexual dimorphism was found in medial preoptic area (MPO) which was filled with dense plexus of varicose immunoreactive fibers in male, while there were low density of stained fibers in female. Orchiectomized rats had fewer number of positive neurons in PV, PVN, SCN and arcuate nucleus (ARN), and lower density of fiber in SCN, ARN, MPO and median eminence than the normal rats. On the contrary, in the ovariectomized rats could find more numerous cell bodies and fibers in these areas. When gonadal steroid was given after gonadectomy, the SRIF neurons became similar to the normal.