Objective To survey the cognition of women to labor analgesia in Shanghai.Methods One hundred randomized pregnant women filled in the questionnaires at obstetric outpatient department in our hospital.One hundred women took part in the survey after labor at maternity ward,ninety of whom underwent patient-controlled epidural analgesia with 0.1% ropivacaine plus 0.002% fentanyl,and the rest 10 inhaled 50% nitrous oxide mixed with 50% oxygen.Results Before labor analgesia,98% pregnant women thought that the labor was painful;42% were nervous and frightened about the labor pain;90% knew nothing about labor analgesia;63% had no idea about the influences of labor analgesia on infants;and 14% worried that analgesia would have side effects on infants.After labor analgesia,99% women were satisfied with its pain relief effect;100% considered that labor analgesia was necessary;and 20% worried about their newborn babies.Conclusion It is necessary to popularize the knowledge about labor analgesia,which is an important part of work on labor health.

Objective: To study if there is an aryl-hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) expression in patients of pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with congenital heart disease (CHD-PAH) and to explore if the amount of AHR expression related to pulmonary vascular remodeling.
Methods:A total of 32 CHD-PAH patients diagnosed by echocardiography and right heart catheterization for surgical repair were enrolled, and the lung tissue biopsy was performed during the operation. The pulmonaryAHR was detected by immunolfuorescence assay, the ratios of vessel wall area/total area (WA/TA) and vessel wall thickness/vessel external diameter (WD/TD) of small pulmonary arteries were calculated with the imaging software, the mRNA expression of AHR, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), aryl-hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were examined by RT-PCR. In addition, blood level of AHR was measured by ELISA.
Results: There was AHR expression in pulmonary tissue in all 32 patients. And AHR mRNA expressions were positively related to mPAP (r=0.809,P<0.001), WA/TA (r=0.723,P<0.001), WD/TD (r=0.746,P<0.001); and positively related to mRNA expressions of HIF-1α (r=0.889,P<0.001), ARNT (r=0.738,P<0.001), VEGF (r=0.822,P<0.001). Pulmonary tissue VEGF mRNA expressions were positively related to mPAP (r=0.739,P<0.001), WD/TD (r=0.702,P<0.001) and WA/TA (r=0.657,P<0.001). Blood levels of AHR were positively related to mPAP (r=0.754,P<0.001), WD/TD (r=0.754, P<0.001) and WA/TA (r=0.739,P<0.001).
Conclusion: AHR might be involved in pulmonary vascular remodeling in CHD-PAHpatients.