Objective To investigate the correlation of interleukin-1 family genotypes,including interleukin-1 (IL-1α,IL-1β) and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra),with coronary heart disease (CHD) and serum lipoprotein level in the elderly.Methods Interleukin-1 family genotypes were detected in 318 elderly controls and 329 elderly CHD patients by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphisms method.Serum levels of lipoproteins were inspected simultaneously.Results The TT and Ⅰ / Ⅰ or Ⅰ/Ⅳ genotype frequency of IL-1Ra was 90.3％ in elderly CHD patients,but 82.4％ in controls.Carriers with TT,Ⅰ / Ⅰ or Ⅰ/Ⅳ genotype of IL-1Ra were at an increased risk with an odds ratio of 1.98 in elderly CHD patients as compared with controls (x2=8.55,95％ CI:1.25-3.16).The TT and Ⅰ/Ⅰ or Ⅰ/Ⅳ genotype frequency of IL-1Ra was 96.2％ in elderly CHD patients with acute coronary syndrome,but 84.8％ in elderly CHD patients with stable angina.Carriers with TT,Ⅰ / Ⅰ or Ⅰ/Ⅳ genotype of IL-1Ra were at an increased risk with an odds ratio of 4.54 in acute coronary syndrome group as compared with stable angina group (x2=12.17,95％CI:1.81-11.36).The CT or TT genotype frequency of IL-1α-889 was 22.8％ in acute coronary syndrome group,but 7.6 ％ in stable angina group.Carriers with CT or TT genotype of IL-1α-889 were at an increased risk with an odds ratio of 3.59 as compared with stable angina group (x2 =14.93,95％CI:1.82-7.03).There were no significant differences in levels of serum lipoproteins among the different genotypes (P＞0.05).Conclusions In elderly patients with coronary heart disease,IL-1α(-889) CT or TT genotype carriers are at high risk for acute coronary syndrome,but IL-1Ra CC,TC,Ⅰ / Ⅱ or Ⅱ / Ⅱ genotype carriers are at a low risk for CHD or severe CHD.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of breast conserving surgery after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for Ⅱ and Ⅲ stage breast cancer.Methods Forty-six patients,suffering from Ⅱ and Ⅲ stage breast cancer admitted to 309 Hospital of PLA from Jun.2003 to Dec.2008,and received breast conserving surgery after neoadjuvant chemotherapy,were followed-up.Chemotherapy protocol included intravenous injection of epirubicin 60mg/m2 on day 1 and continuous intravenous infusion of paclitaxel 150 mg/m2 for 3 hours on day 2.The neoadjuvant chemotherapy was repeated every 21 days for 2-4 cycles.Patients eligible for breast conserving therapy received quadrantectomy or wide excision of tumor plus axillary lymph node resection.Evidence of local recurrence and distant metastasis and breast contour were followed up after surgery.Results After neoadjuvant chemotherapy,9 patients showed complete clinical response(CR),37 patients showed partial response(PR).Post-operative pathological examination showed that there were varied degrees of apomorphosis and necrosis of tumor cells,interstitial edema,fibrous hyperplasia,and inflammatory cell infiltration,among them pathological remission was found in 4 cases.The patients were followed up for 8 to 70 months with a mean of 58 months,local recurrence was found in 4 cases distant metastasis was found in 3 patients,and 2 of them died.Assessment of breast contour was carried out in 31 cases 1 year after breast conserving therapy,and excellent results were obtained in 6 cases,good in 18 cases and poor in 7 cases.Conclusions It is safe for patients with Ⅱ-Ⅲ stage breast cancer to receive preoperatively treatment with neoadjuvant chemotherapy.Routine operation,postoperative irradiation and chemotherapy and systemic support are the keys to achieve satisfactory result of breast conserving therapy.

Objective: To screen the changes of immune-associate genes expression which is related with the ageing using cDNA microar-ray.Methods:The mRNA from the spleens of young and aged rats were extracted respectively and reversely transcribed to cDNAs with the incorporation of different fluorescent-labeled dUTP as the hybridization probes. The mixed probes were hybridized to the cDNA microarray that contains the cDNA products of 416 immune-associated genes. After high-stringent washing, the cDNA microarray was scanned for the fluorescent signals and showed the gene expression differences between the young and the aged. Some biochemical assays were used to confirm the physiological differences between the young rats and the aged rats. Results: Among the examined genes, 13 down-regulated genes were identified. These genes correlated with immuned response, cell proliferation, cell differentiation and DNA/RNA repair. Only one gene which encoded ?-amylase was much higher in the aged than that in the young. Conclusion: Further analysis of the differenially expressed immune-associated genes based on cDNA microarray will be helpful for understanding the molecular mechanism of the ageing.

Cytokines ; metabolism ; Humans ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; immunology ; secretion ; Ubiquitin ; blood

Aged ; Catheter Ablation ; adverse effects ; Echocardiography ; Heart Atria ; Humans ; Male ; Postoperative Complications ; diagnostic imaging ; Tachycardia, Supraventricular ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Thrombosis ; etiology

Objective To evaluate the relationship of the levels of serum oxide and antioxide with endothelium-dependent vasodilatation(EDV) in obese subjects and to explore the effect of oxidative stress on endothelial dysfunction in obese subjects. Methods 20 euglycemic obese males (Ob) and 13 age- matched normal controls (NC) underwent euglycemic hyperinsulinemia clamp study to evaluate the peripheral glucose disposal rate (GDR) in steady-state and brachial artery ultrasound studies to assess the endothelium-dependent vasodilatation (EDV). The serum levels of ROS, MDA, GSH-PX, GSH and free fatty acids (FFAs) were measured. Results The serum ROS, MDA and FFA concentrations were significantly higher in Ob group than in the controls (P

The purpose of this paper is to study the pattern of change which are age associated,so as to provide a new method of age estimation by bone for forensic medicine and anthropology.The middle one third of right ribs were collected from 67 Chinese females living in North China.Decalcified cross section slides were histomorphometrically examined by using an image analyzer.Then the parameters were subjected to multiple stepwise regression analysis to produce an equation:=31 264+0 868X 2+286 693X 4+0 689 X 7-778 874X 8-0 006X 9.The multiple correlation coefficient and standard error of estimate were 0 923 and 4 08,respectively.When the formula was checked by 25 specimens,84% of the estimated ages fall within ?5 years of actual ages,and 100% of the estimated ages fall within ?8 years of actual ages.This showed that female ages could be deter mined by the histomorphometry of ribs.

Purpose To establish myocardial infarction model in rabbits and to evaluate cardiac function and pathological changes.Materials and Methods In 35 New Zealand white rabbits, the left anterior descending branch (LAD) of the coronary artery was ligated. The cardiac function was evaluated using echocardiography, and the blood serum brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) level was examined preoperatively, on postoperative day 1, and in 1 week, 2 weeks, 4 weeks and 8 weeks for comparison. Pathological sections and HE staining were performed to observe pathological changes. Results The death rate was 28.6% (10/35). There was progressive increase in left ventricular end systolic diameter (LVESD) and left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD) at 1 week, 2 weeks and 4 weeks (P<0.05). There was progressive decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular fractional shortening fraction (LVFS) at 1 day, 1 week, 2 weeks and 4 weeks (P<0.05). The BNP level started increasing in 1 day, peaked in 1 week, then gradually decreased but remained higher than preoperative level in 8 weeks (P<0.01). Pathological section showed typical myocardial cell degeneration, necrosis, ifbrosis, calciifcation and scar formation. Conclusion This myocardial infarction model is satisfactory with signiifcant decrease of cardiac function and increase of BNP level.

AIM:In podocytes , autophagy occurs at a high basal level and dysregulated autophagy is associa -ted with a variety of podocytopathies .This paper is to investigate the role of autophagy in sublytic C 5b-9-induced podocyte injury.METHODS: Sublytic complement C5b-9 stimulation was used as an in vitro model.Autophagosomes were con-firmed using monodansylcadaverine (MDC) staining.Immunoblotting was used to measure the change of autophagy-related markers.Cellular morphological changes were observed by Wright-Giemsa staining.Immunofluorescence staining and con-focal microscopy were used to detect the expression and distribution of nephrin .The cell viability was assessed by methylth-iazol tetrazolium (MTT) assay.The cell apoptosis was assessed by Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/PI staining.RE-SULTS:For ensuring sublytic complement injury , the maximal amounts of anti-podocyte antiserum and 160 ×-diluted nor-mal human serum were used without inducing cell lysis (defined as >5%LDH release).Sublytic C5b-9 promoted autoph-agy of podocytes in vitro.The proautophagic effect of sublytic C 5b-9 manifested in the form of accumulated MDC-labeled vesicles and enhanced the expression of LC 3-Ⅱ.Autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenosine (3-MA) promoted sublytic C5b-9-induced podocyte morphological abnormalities .Compared with the sublytic C5b-9-injured podocytes, 3-MA exposure further decreased the expression of nephrin .3-MA enhanced sublytic C5b-9-induced podocyte apoptosis .CONCLUSION: Sub-lytic C5b-9 attack induces autophagy , which may play a protective role against complement-mediated podocyte injury .

AIM: To determine the effect of rapamycin on the progression of passive Heymann nephritis (PHN), and whether autophagy is involved in this process .METHODS:Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n=24) were ran-domly divided into 3 groups:control group , PHN group and rapamycin treatment group .The rat PHN model was induced by injection of anti-Fx1A serum through penile vein , and all rats were sacrificed on day 21.Automatic biochemical analyzer was used to detect 24 h urine protein , blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine .Renal damage was observed through per-iodic acid-silver methenamine staining .The number of podocyte was estimated by Weibel-Gomez method .The glomerular deposition of C5b-9, the expression of caspase-3 and expression of autophagy marker LC 3 in glomeruli were examined by immunofluorescence staining , immunohistochemical staining and Western blotting , respectively.RESULTS: Rapamycin significantly reduced proteinuria in the PHN rats (P<0.05), while the renal functions in 3 groups were normal, without significant difference .Although rapamycin limited weight gain in the rats , the health of the rats during drug treatment was not affected .Rapamycin retarded glomerular basement membrane thickening in the PHN rats .Rapamycin significantly re-duced the podocyte deletion by preventing podocyte apoptosis .Rapamycin enhanced the level of autophagy of glomerular in-herent cells .CONCLUSION:In the disease process of PHN , appropriate strength of autophagy plays a protective role . Rapamycin appropriately enhances autophagy and prevents podocyte apoptosis , thus reducing nephropathy and proteinuria . This may be one of the important mechanisms of rapamycin to slow down the progress of PHN .