We report a case of female urethral cancer. A 67-year-old female complained of a pain in the left buttocks. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a urethral tumor, which invaded the bladder wall and left buttocks tissue. Transurethral resection was performed. Histopathological examinations revealed squamous cell carcinoma of the urethra. The case was diagnosed as stage D4 urethral cancer according to the Grabstald's classification. Radiotherapies with a total dose of 57.5 Gy were performed on the primary and invaded sites. However, she died 6 months after the radiotherapy.
Female ; seconds ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Procedures on Urethra ; Primary

Male ; Humans ; Hypospadias/surgery* ; Urologic Surgical Procedures, Male ; Urethra/surgery*

We report here the short-term results of 3 cases of cloacal and bladder exstrophy that underwent complete primary exstrophy repair. One case was diagnosed as bladder exstrophy and the others were diagnosed as cloacal exstrophy. Complete primary exstrophy repair for all 3 cases was carried out within 24 hours after birth. There was no wound dehiscence within the follow-up period of 12 months. The complete primary exstrophy repair with positioning the bladder neck and urethra in the deep pelvic cavity achieves a satisfactory short-term result.
Bladder Exstrophy* ; Cloaca ; Follow-Up Studies ; Neck ; Parturition ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Urethra ; Urinary Bladder* ; Wounds and Injuries

Between March 1990 and April 1991. 6 patients presented with complete urethral rupture were treated by primary endoscopic urethral realignment The results were obtained as follows : 1. The ruptured sites were bulbous urethra in 3 cases. 2. The urethral Foley catheter was left indwelling for 25 to 132 days. (average : 66.3 days) 3. After removal of urethral Foley catheter, maximal flow rate was 32.6mI,sec. 4. The complications were impotence in l case and urethral stricture in 4 cases. The first attack of postoperative urethral stricture developed at average 9.9 days. The average length of urethral stricture was 4.5mm and average maximal flow rate was 11.2mI,sec. Urethral stricture was well managed by visual urethrotomy. After visual urethrotomy, maximal flow rate was 25.lml,sec. Therefore, we conclude that primary endoscopic urethral realignment was considered to be safe, simple and effective operative procedure for the treatment of complete urethral rupture.
Catheters ; Erectile Dysfunction ; Humans ; Male ; Rupture* ; Surgical Procedures, Operative ; Urethra ; Urethral Stricture

OBJECTIVETo investigate the possibility of urethral reconstruction with colonic mucosa for the treatment of complex longer urethral stricture (>/= 10 cm).

METHODSFrom October 2000 to September 2001, 6 patients with complex longer urethral stricture were treated with colonic mucosal graft urethroplasty. They had under gone 3 previous unsuccessful urethral repairs on average. Urethral reconstruction with a free graft of colonic mucosa ranged from 10 to 15 cm (mean 12.17 cm). Follow-up included retrograde urethrography, urethroscopy, and uroflowmetry.

RESULTSThe patients were followed up 3 - 14 months postoperatively (mean 7.8 months). Meatal stenosis developed in one patient 3 months after operation needed reoperation. The patient voided very well with urinary peak flow 28.7 ml per second duing follow-up for 12 months postoperatively. The other patients voided well with urinary peak flow greater than 15 ml per second. At urethroscopy, colonic mucosa was macroscopically difficult to distinguish from normal original urethral mucosa in 4 patients over 6 months after the operation.

CONCLUSIONSColonic mucosa graft urethroplasty is feasible for the treatment of complex longer anterior urethral stricture. The technique is useful for urethral reconstruction when penial skin and bladder mucosa are not available.

Colon ; Humans ; Intestinal Mucosa ; Treatment Outcome ; Urethra ; Urethral Stricture ; Urologic Surgical Procedures, Male

Urethral defects caused by congenital abnormality, injury, inflammation or tumor are common diseases in urology. Conventional surgery of urethral reconstruction may lead to many complications, and its application has been greatly limited by insufficient supply of donor materials. Tissue engineering technology and stem cells can be used to construct biological substitutes for maintaining and repairing damaged tissue and organ function, which offers a new prospect for the strategies of urethral reconstruction.
Animals ; Humans ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Stem Cell Transplantation ; Tissue Engineering ; Urethra ; surgery ; Urology ; methods

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinical application of the tubularized incised plate (TIP) in the surgical treatment of hypospadias.

METHODSThis study included 169 cases of hypospadias treated by TIP surgery from January 2007 to April 2009. The patients ranged in age from 1.5 to 12 years (mean 3.68 yr). The TIP technique was modified based on that described by Snodgrass, with the urethral plate longitudinally incised and a urethral stent kept in place. The patients were hospitalized for 10 days postoperatively, and followed up for an average of 2 years, ranging from 6 months to 3 years.

RESULTSComplications developed in 18 (10.6%) of the patients, most frequently meatal stenosis (9 cases, 5.3%) and urethrocutaneous fistula (8 cases, 4.7%).

CONCLUSIONThe TIP technique, as a surgical method, can be applied to most hypospadias cases. The accumulation of clinical experience and skills may help raise the success rate and reduce the complications of TIP surgery.

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Hypospadias ; surgery ; Infant ; Male ; Treatment Outcome ; Urethra ; surgery ; Urologic Surgical Procedures ; methods

OBJECTIVETo investigate the possibility of urethral reconstruction with a free colonic mucosal graft.

METHODSTen female dogs underwent a procedure in which the urethral mucosa was totally removed and replaced with a free graft of colic mucosa. A urodynamic study was performed before the operation and sacrifice. The dogs were sacrificed 8 to 16 weeks after the operation for histological examination of the urethra.

RESULTSUrethral stricture developed in 1 dog. The results of urody namic studies showed that the difference in maximum urethral pressure between pre-operation and pre-sacrifice in the remaining 9 dogs was not of significance (P > 0.05). Histological examination revealed that the colonic free mucosa survived inside the urethral lumen of the 9 dogs. Plicae surface and unilaminar cylindric epithelium of the colonic mucosa was observed in dogs sacrificed 8 weeks after the operation. Plicae surface and unilaminar cylindric epithelium of the colonic mucosa was not observed and metaplastic transitional epithelium covered a large proportion of the urethral mucosa in dogs sacrificed 12 weeks after the operation.

CONCLUSIONSUrethral mucosa can be replaced by colonic mucosa without damaging the continence mechanism in female dogs. This technique is useful when local or preputial skin and buccal or bladder mucosa are not available.

Animals ; Colon ; transplantation ; Dogs ; Female ; Intestinal Mucosa ; transplantation ; Urethra ; pathology ; surgery ; Urologic Surgical Procedures

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of free internal prepuce lamina patch urethroplasty on long-segment urethral stricture.

METHODSEight patients of long-segment urethral stricture underwent resection of atresia posterior urethra and/or incision of stricture anterior urethra, free internal prepuce lamina patch as of corresponding length and width were taken for the reconstruction of the urethra, and mean while multi-hole silica ge tract was placed in the urethra.

RESULTSMiction was easy and fluent in 7 cases, and unobstructed in 1 case after two urethral soundings.

CONCLUSIONFree internal prepuce lamina patch urethroplasty was a good method for treating long-segment urethral stricture.

Adult ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Urethra ; surgery ; Urethral Stricture ; surgery ; Urologic Surgical Procedures, Male ; methods

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinical efficacy of the chronic balloon expansion in urethral and vaginal reconstruction for high persistent cloaca.

METHODSClinical data of 21 children with high persistent cloaca undergoing chronic balloon expansion technique in Cangzhou Central Hospital and Capital Pediatric Institute from December 1996 to August 2014 were analyzed retrospectively. The balloon was continuously expand for 3 to 4 weeks. Balloon was filled with water, maintaining the internal pressure at 30 to 50 mmHg. When the diameter of the common channel was 3 cm, the plastic operations of bladder neck, urethra and vagina were performed.

RESULTSAll the 21 patients underwent primary posterior sagital urethro-vaginoplasty by using the expanded urogenital sinus. The average duration of expansion was (26.8±3.1) days and the average diameter of the urogenital sinus was increased up to (2.8±0.2) cm. Infection of urinary tract and common channel wall was not found. Histological examination demonstrated the expanded tissue consisted of a dense fibrous wall lined by a stratified squamous non-cornified epithelium, which was characterized by active cell mitoses and angiogenesis. Patients were followed up for 0.5 to 11.0 years. Efficacy was satisfactory, and no death occurred. After the operation, 9 cases reached grade I( urinary incontinence, 8 cases reached grade II( among the 17 cases with grade IIII( urinary incontinence. One patient had distal urethral dehiscence, and the secondary urethroplasty was employed six months after the operation. Urethral diameter of another 1 case dilated 9 years later, and a tighten urethral angioplasty was performed, then the urine dripping disappeared. All the children were not treated with vaginal dilatation.

CONCLUSIONChronic balloon expansion allows the creation of adequate tissue similar in appearance and type to vagina and urethra, and provides a valuable surgical alternative for managing high persistent cloaca.

Chronic Disease ; Cloaca ; Female ; Humans ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Retrospective Studies ; Urethra ; Vagina