The localization of the ?-subunits of human chorionic gonadotropin(HCG)in 40 cases of colorectal carcinoma was investigated with PAP method.It was found that 9 cases out of the 40 were positive,in which 2 were Dukes' stage A,4 Dukes' stage B and 3 Dukes' stage C,accounting for 7.7%,44.4% and 60.0% of the total number of the corresponding Dukes' staging of this series.The positive cells were mainly situated in the infiltrating portions and distributed in clusters or diffusely.It is suggested that immunohistochemical study of HCG in colorectal carcinoma can be one of the indices in the monitoring of the malignant biological behaviors of colorectal carcinomas.

The pattern of immunohistochemical localization of monoclonal antibody MC5 was observed in 215 cases of colarectal adenocarcinoma.It was found that the polarized pattern was predominant in the well-differentiated adenocarcinomas while the deffuse pattern in poorly-differentiated ade-nocarcinomas.Followup study of 133 cases revealed that 5-year sunvival rate was 74.4% in cases with polarized pattern and 36.2% in those with diffuse pattern,a very significant difference between the 2 (P

ObjectiveTo research the apoptosis of breast cancer cells by application of small direct-current electric field(EF) and its related possible mechanism.MethodsSmall direct-current EFs were applied in human breast cancer cell line MCF7 in vitro to observe the effects on apoptosis of cancer cells by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling(TUNEL)and to detect the mRNA expression of p53, Rb and E2F1 genes by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).ResultsA lot of cancer cells were observed slaughed from culture dish by 200mV/mm of the field strength and the number of the apoptotic cancer cells was gradually significantly increased with the application of EFs(P<0.01). mRNA expression level for p53 and Rb genes was elevated but that for E2F1 gene was decreased overtly in cancer cells exposed to EFs.ConclusionApoptosis of breast cancer cells can be induced by small direct-current EFs and the change for expression of p53, Rb and E2F1 genes may be involved in the mechanism.

ObjectiveTo observe the apoptosis of breast cancer cells induced by small direct-current electric field (EF) and its related possible mechanism in expression of p21 and p16 genes.MethodsSmall direct-current EF was applied in human breast cancer cell line MCF7 in vitro and the effect of EF on apoptosis and expression of p21 and p16 important genes of breast cancer cells was observed.ResultsThe small direct-current EF had an obvious apoptosis inducing effect on breast cancer cells. A lot of cancer cells were sloughed from culture dish by 200 mV/mm of the EF strength. The number of the apoptotic cancer cells was gradually significantly increased and mRNA expressions of p21 and p16 genes were raised following the EF strength being up (P<0.01).ConclusionThe small direct-current EF has an obvious apoptosis inducing effect on breast cancer cells. It may be related with the expression of p21 and p16 genes.

OBJECTIVETo study the clinicopathological features of epithelioid angiosarcoma (EA) and to propose its differential diagnosis.

METHODS15 EAs were observed by means of HE staining, immunohistochemical staining (ABC method) and in part by electron microscopy.

RESULTSTwelve cases occurred in men and three in women. Clinical symptoms included a focal mass with pain, weight loss and weakness. The tumors were located in the retroperitoneum (n = 3), extremities (n = 3), femur (n = 4), thyroid (n = 2), supraobit (n = 1), soft tissue of thorax (n = 1), soft tissue of neck (n = 1). Radiographic evaluation demonstrated solid to cystic neoplasms ranging from 3 to 20 cm in diameter. Histologically, the epithelioid cells were arranged diffusely or in nests with hemorrhage and focal necrosis. Atypical tumor cells lined the irregular spaces and single or small nests of cells grouped around a lumen containing red blood cells. FVIII, CD34, CD31,CK and EMA were positive in tumor cells and SMA was positive in pericytes. Ultrastructurally, intracytoplasmic vacuoles, Weibel-Palades, intermediate filaments and basal lamina could be seen. Surgical resection was the treatment of choice, occasionally with adjuvant chemotherapy. Follow-up. Two patients are presently alive 19 months and 7 years following diagnosis. Twelve died from 2 weeks to 38 months with a median interval of 19 months after lumpectomy. One patient was lost to follow up. There were 8 cases which had metastases to lungs, bones, lymph nodes and abdominal cavity.

CONCLUSIONSEA is a high-grade sarcoma. Endothelial derivation can be confirmed by immunohistochemical staining and ultrastructural findings. The differential diagnosis of EA includes metastatic carcinoma, epithelioid hemangioendothelioma, melanoma, epithelioid sarcoma etc.

Adult ; Aged ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Epithelioid Cells ; pathology ; Female ; Hemangioendothelioma, Epithelioid ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Melanoma ; diagnosis ; Middle Aged ; Sarcoma ; diagnosis

Objective To study the related prognostic factors influencing rectal neuroendocrine tumor prognosis.Methods We retrospectively reviewed tumor clinical and pathology material of 183 cases with rectal neuroendocrine in our hospital during recent 10 years and reclassified them according to the 2010 WHO pathology classification.Single factor and multivariate analysis were performed to find related prognostic factors.Results Single factor analysis showed that tumor size (＜ 1 cm,1-2 cm,＞2 cm,98.77％ vs 78.57％ vs 28.57％,x2 =71.4793,P =0.0001),pathological grading (G1,G2,G3,98.73％ vs.76.19％ vs 25.00％,x2 =56.5121,P =0.0001) and the stage (stage Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ period,99.40％ vs 50.00％ vs 60.00％ vs 16.67％,x2 =105.0383,P =0.0001) among the three variables survival difference was statistically significant.Multivariate analysis (Cox regression) indicated that the tumor stage were independent factors affecting the prognosis,regression coefficient was 1.277 (B),Wald value of 28.145,Exp (B) a value of 3.586,95％ CI:2.237-5.747.Conclusion Tumor staging is an independent risk factor of survival,without considering other factors,different tumor size and pathologic grade also have different prognosis.Clinicians in making treatment plan should fully consider the above factors before choosing the appropriate follow-up plan.

Objective To identify clinicopathologic characteristics and prognostic factors through a retrospective analysis of 404 colon cancer patients.Methods A total of 404 patients(209 of them were followed up with inquisition) with colon cancer were surgically treated from 1993 to 2003 and studied by univariate and multivariate analysis.Results Using univariate analysis age of patients,it was found that differentiation degree of the tumors,lymphatic invasion,abdominal and distant metastases,TNM stage and adjuvant radiotherapy were associated with outcome.(2)Multivariate analysis showed that only abdominal and distant metastases and TNM stage were associated with prognosis.Conclusion Multivariate analysis proved following list are independent prognostic factors: abdominal,distant metastases and TNM stage.

Objective:To study the expression of P53, Bax, Bcl-2 proteins and the role of cell apoptosis in the formation and development of acute radiation-induced skin ulcers.Methods:A rat model which was locally irradiated with 60 Co γ-rays was used, and the pathological changes were observed for 40 days. Immunohistochemistry and TUNEL assay were performed which enabled the detection of P53, Bax, Bcl-2 and cell apoptosis during the formation and development of radiation skin ulcers.Results: Skin ulcers were found on day 14 after irradiation, and enlarged and deepened gradually during the observation period. P53 was over expressed during days 11 to 40 after irradiation and was localized in vascular endotheliocytes and smooth muscle cells. Bax was moderately positive during days 14 to 21 and weakly positive during days 28 to 35, and was localized in vascular endotheliocytes, some fibroblasts and proliferating keratinocytes. Bcl-2 was weakly positive during days 1 to 11 after irradiation, and was located in keratinocytes, hair follicular cells and some vascular endotheliocytes. Bcl-2 was negative during days 11 to 40.The rate of cell apoptosis, especially of vascular endotheliocytes,wash igher than that in the early process of normal wound healing. Conclusions:After irradiation,the increased expression of the apoptosis-inducing protein P53, Bax and the decreased expression of the apoptosis-inhibiting protein Bcl-2 might be associated with the high rate of apoptotic events, and play important roles in the formation and development of radiation skin ulcers.

In the present paper, we measured DNA content of uninuclear Plasrnodium berghei traced with DAPI by means of fluoromi-crospectrophotmeter. The results indicate that the DNA replication of parasite was continuous and it's content was high polyploidy and phase G1 of proliferating cycle was not evident. The dispersion degree of distribution of DNA content in P. R. was markedly lower and the peak sitewas more concentrated and obviously shifted to the right compared with P. N. It was suggested that the speed of DNA replication and proliferating vitality of parasites after producing resistance to SA markedly decreased, indicating that the changes of proliferating kinetics of P. R. happened.

Objective To investigate the different influences of simvastatin on proliferation of rat smooth muscle progenitor cells(SPCs) versus endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and identify the compounds that differentially inhibit SPCs and EPCs proliferation for clinical usefulness. Methods Total mononuclear cells (MNCs) were isolated from bone marrow of rats by Fieoll density gradient centrifugation, and then the cells were plated on fibronectin-coated culture dishes. SPCs outgrew from the culture of MNCs in the presence of platelet-derived growth factor-BB and basic fibroblast growth factor, whereas EPCs were obtained in the presence of vascular endothelial growth factor. SPCs were identified as adherent cells positive for α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) by indirect immunofluoreseent staining. EPCs were characterized as adherent cells double positive for DiLDL-uptake and lectin binding by direct fluorescent staining. SPCs and EPCs were stimulated by simvastatin (0.01～10.00 μmol/L) or vehicle control for the respective time points (6 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h). SPCs and EPCs proliferation were assayed with 3H-TdR incorporation and manual counting respectively. Results Simvastatin obviously inhibited SPCs proliferation. At the concentration of 0. 01 μmol/L for 12 h,simvastatin significantly reduced the number of SPCs by (5.8±3.1)% compared with control group (P<0.05). Simvastatin significantly stimulated EPCs proliferation, which was dose- and time dependent and reached maximum at 1 μmol/L after 24 hours (2.0±0.1 fold increase, P<0.01).Conclusions Simvastatin displays different effects on SPCs (inhibited) and EPCs (promoted)proliferation. Local application of simvastatin may inhibit arterial restenosis and promote reendothelialization of injured vessels.