No abstract available.
Pleasure*

Atlanto axial(A-A) dislocation which may be either congenital or due to traumatic inflammatory causes or tumor etc are managed accordingly depending upon their causes. Generally conservative treatment or operative posterior fusion have been employed. A case of traumatic A-A transligamental dislocation has been encountered at St. paul's Hospital by our neurosurgical team. A transoral anterior fusion had been done and the result was successful and very encouraging. It is therefore with great pleasure that we share with you this experience, that management of A-A dislocation could wholly be by surgical technique.
Dislocations* ; Pleasure

Background: Game developers incorporated the enjoyment of playing video games into the promotion of positive health outcomes. It led to the development of video games that are considered to be a form of exercise and are now popularly called exergames. Objective: To determine the effect of active video-gaming on the physical and psychological well-being of children, adolescents, and young adults Methods: Literature was searched using databases such as PubMed, ProQuest, Scopus, ScienceDirect, CINAHL, and PsychInfo. Bibliographical articles from included studies were also examined. The review included studies involving children and adolescents (4-17 years old) and young adults (18-24 years old) who are of normal weight, overweight, or obese. The included articles were assessed for any risk of bias using RoB tool in Review Manager (RevMan) [Computer program] Version 5.3, Copenhagen: The Nordic Cochrane Centre, The Cochrane Collaboration (2014). Results: A total of 7 studies were included in the quantitative assessment of physical activity (PA), Body Mass Index (BMI), body fat, and heart rate (HR). A total of 8 studies were included in the systematic review on perceived exertion, enjoyment, motivation, and perceived competence. Study results showed that exergames increase moderate-to-vigorous physical activity by 5.93 minutes 95% CI [4.81, 7.05]. However, there was no benefit found on body mass index, body fat, and heart rate. The review of articles showed mixed results on the benefits of exergames on RPE, enjoyment, motivation, and perceived exertion Conclusion Active video gaming increases moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in children, adolescents, and young adults. However, exergames neither decrease nor increase BMI, heart rate, and body fat. There were mixed results on the benefits of exergames on rating of perceived exertion, enjoyment, motivation, and perceived competence
Exergaming ; Exercise ; Overweight ; Pleasure

OBJECTIVE: This study is aimed to evaluate the effects of cervical conization on sexual function in patients with non-malignant conditions. METHODS: We choose thirthy-one patients who were operated by cervical conization. They were interviewed retrospectically that effects on sexual desire or interest, sexual activity or frequency, pleasure, communication and satisfaction with sexual relationship. RESULTS: After cervical conization, there was no statistically significant change (p>.05) in sexual desire or interest, sexual activity or frequency, pleasure, communication and satisfaction with sexual relationship. CONCLUSION: Cervical conization was not found to have any adverse effects on sexual function in our study. In this respects, conization is a suitable conservative method when treating patients with non-malignant conditions.
Conization* ; Humans ; Pleasure ; Sexual Behavior

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the subjectivity of undergraduate students about happiness. METHODS: Q methodology, which scientifically measures individual subjectivity, was used. Thirty-four Q-statements selected from 40 participants were classified into a shape of normal distribution using a nine-point scale. The collected data were analyzed using a PQMethod PC program. RESULTS: Type I: Self-directed, growth-seeking type. This group of people searches for their objectives and direction in life while consistently making efforts to realize their goals. Type II: Oriental and wealth-seeking type. This group of people sympathizes with the oriental worldview and believes in having luck such as wealth or health. Type III: Realistic and pleasure-seeking type. This group of people tries to think positively but while rooted in reality, searches for pleasure and satisfaction in their surroundings. Type IV: Altruistic and relationship-seeking type. This group of people stresses the importance of religious life, small happiness in life, and relationship with friends or neighbors. CONCLUSION: The results of this study provide the foundation for understanding college students' perception about their happiness. Furthermore, these results suggest the necessity of specific and integrated education to improve happiness.
Education ; Friends ; Happiness* ; Humans ; Pleasure

No abstract available.
Commerce* ; Pleasure* ; Skating* ; Surgery, Plastic*

OBJECTIVES: Anhedonia, defined as an inability to experience pleasure, has been considered to be a core feature of schizophrenia and depression. The purpose of the present study was to compare the specific characteristics of anhedonia in patients with the two illnesses by examining hedonic capacity during phased hedonic experience. METHODS: Hedonic rating tasks, using the film clips of physical and social hedonic stimuli and neutral stimuli, were performed by 29 patients with schizophrenia, 20 patients with depression, and 29 normal controls. Each task consisted of 'preview phase' with insufficient emotional information, and a subsequent 'theme phase' with sufficient emotional information. RESULTS: In normal controls, the mean hedonic score was increased in the theme phase compared with the preview phase, suggesting an appropriate augmentation of the hedonic response. In patients with schizophrenia, hedonic scores in the preview phase were comparable with those in normal controls, but showed deficient augmentation in the theme phase. In patients with depressive disorder, the range of increments in scores between the preview and theme phases was normal, but the scores themselves were lower in both phases than in the other two groups. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that patients with schizophrenia show a deficient augmentation of the hedonic response, whereas patients with depressive disorder have a pervasive lack of hedonic capacity.
Anhedonia ; Depression ; Depressive Disorder ; Humans ; Pleasure ; Schizophrenia

Objective: To analyze the security situation of patients with occupational pneumoconiosis in Gansu Province to lay the foundation for strengthening the security measures for patients with pneumoconiosis. Methods: In August 2020, a follow-up survey was conducted on the current patients with occupational pneumoconiosis diagnosed and surviving in Gansu Province from 1949 to 2019, to obtain the information of industrial injury insurance, employer compensation, medical insurance, subsistence allowance and so on, and analyze their distribution characteristics. The proportion of patients enjoying various security, medical insurance reimbursement and subsistence allowances was tested by chi square. Results: Among the current patients with occupational pneumoconiosis in Gansu Province, 72.0% (5335/7410) enjoyed the benefits of work-related injury insurance, 8.2% (609/7410) enjoyed the compensation paid by the employer, 91.5% (6780/7410) had medical insurance, and 2.8% (204/7410) had no guarantee. Among the patients with occupational pneumoconiosis, 374 enjoyed the minimum living allowance, accounting for 5.05% (374/7410) ; the first diagnosis period with a high proportion of minimum living allowance was phase Ⅲ, accounting for 15.14% (43/284) . Conclusion: The proportion of medical insurance outpatient and inpatient reimbursement of occupational pneumoconiosis patients in Gansu Province is still at a low level. It is suggested that relevant departments should introduce relevant security policies for workers without fixed employers to reduce the economic burden of patients.
China/epidemiology* ; Humans ; Pleasure ; Pneumoconiosis/epidemiology*

PURPOSE: This study aimed to explore the breast feeding processof mothersand to develop agroundedtheory about experiences of breast feeding women. METHODS: Data was collected by means of an in-depth interview from 8 participants who were breast feeding their baby. The data was analyzed using the grounded theory methodology proposed by Strauss and Corbin. RESULTS: The core category was discovered to be 'becoming a mother'. This process was categorized into 5 stages; 'facing difficulties of breast feeding', 'having the will to continue to breast feed', 'doing one's best to breast feed', 'feeling satisfactionwithone'sbreast feeding', and'retainingalingering desire for one's breast feeding'. Mothers began breast feeding without preparation. They faced difficult problems during breast feeding such as getting a lay-person's or professional person's support. They made various efforts for continuing to breast feed and solve the problems. They got pleasure from breast feeding, their baby is fine, and they have a bond with their baby. Finally, when they finished breast feeding, they still felt attached to it and had regrets. CONCLUSION: This study provided the information about mothers' experiences in the breast feedingprocess. Therefore, nurses will be ableto utilize successful adaptationskills forhelpingbreast feedingmothers.
Breast ; Breast Feeding ; Female ; Humans ; Mothers ; Pleasure ; Qualitative Research

OBJECTIVE: Clinical Assessment Interview for Negative Symptoms (CAINS) has recently been developed to improve measurement of negative symptoms in schizophrenia. We performed a multi-center study to validate the Korean version of the CAINS (CAINS-K) and explore potential cultural variation. METHODS: One hundred eighty schizophrenia patients diverse in demographic and illness profile were recruited from four centers in Korea. Along with the CAINS-K, the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS), Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS), a self-report measure of behavioral inhibition and activation (BIS/BAS) and neurocognitive tasks were administered to verify external validities. RESULTS: The CAINS-K showed high internal-consistency (0.92) and inter-rater reliability (0.77). Exploratory Factor Analysis replicated a two-factor structure of the original scale including motivation/pleasure and expression deficits dimensions. Korean patients tended to report lower pleasure compared to American patients in the prior study. The CAINS-K showed an adequate convergent validity with the SANS, negative symptoms of the BPRS, and BAS. A divergent validity was supported as the CAINS-K showed zero or only weak correlations with other symptoms of the BPRS, depression from the CDSS, and neurocognitive tasks. CONCLUSION: The CAINS-K demonstrated high internal consistency and adequate external validities, and is expected to promote studies on negative symptoms in Korean patients with schizophrenia.
Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale ; Depression ; Humans ; Korea ; Pleasure ; Schizophrenia