Multicellular network analysis is a method for topological properties analysis of cells. The functions of organs are determined by their inner cells. The arrangement of cells within organs endows higher-order functionality through a structure-function relationship, though the organizational properties of these multicellular configurations remain poorly understood. Multicellular network analysis with multicellular models established by 3D scanning of plants, will further discover the plant development mechanism, and provide clues for synthesizing plant multicellular systems. In this paper, we review the development of multicellular models, summarize the process of multicellular network analysis, and describe the development and application of multicellular network analysis in plants. In addition, this review also provides perspective on future development of plant multicellular network analysis.
Plants

Total glue or extraction juice, which were made from Streptocaulon juventas (Lour) Merr., Asclepiadaceae in benzene segmentation, increased survival rate of experimental mice with copperhead venom intoxication is from 30% to 60% and prolong the resistant time from 2.4 to 9.8 time in comparison with placebo. Effect of glue is more strong than extraction juice in benzene segmentation. Model of copperhead venom intoxication is nearly with common intoxication, and intoxication due bacteria and allergy. Thus experimental result suggested for previous studies about detoxicated effect and antiallergy of this medicinal plant.
Asclepiadaceae ; plants ; Plants, Medicinal

WHO issued the guidance for evaluation of the safety and validity of herbal medicine including the qualitative standards of materials, and preparations (fresh and dry materials, processed materials, storage, package and labeling), and general researches on the pharmaceutical and pharmacological aspects (toxicity, grow, and materials development).
Plants ; Plants, Medicinal

The botanical characteristics of Polygonatum kingianum Coll. et Hemsl. (red Polygonatum) and P. cyrtonema Hua (ginger Polygonatum) were described. The microscopic characteristics were proposed for the standard control of the herbs. The plant rhizomes might be prepared into the form named as cooked Polygonatum
Polygonatum ; Plants ; Plants ; Medicinal

Genus Oxalis L. belonging to the Oxalidaceae R. Br. family. Another species belonging to the Genus Oxalis L. known as “Khe dat”, an annual medicinal plant has recently been found in Tien Phuoc district, Quang Nam province in 2002. This plant has scientific name Oxalis barrelieri L., its origin comes from the South American, it also grows in Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia and etc. The juice of the fresh leave is used for sunstroke, influenza and headache. The fresh leaves and young branches are also used as vegetables.
Plants ; Plants, Medicinal ; Vegetables

Soil samples were collected in the provinces of Hai Duong and Thanh Hoa, and in Ha Noi, Da Lat and Sapa cities. Each sample was taken from 9 spots of soil situated on 2 diagonals, that were mixed together. The chemical composition of the soil varied widely in different ecological areas. All the samples of soil showed light acid reaction, while those taken from Sapa (province of Lao Cai) were the most acid. Ha Noi soil samples were neutral. Almost soil samples were poor in total N, P and K, except that of Sapa, which was rich in N, while samples taken from Ha Noi and Thanh Hoa were the poorest. The total amount of P and K varied from poor to medium.
Plants, Medicinal ; Plants ; Soil

In the Commune Thuy Xuan (Hue city), 100 randomly chosen households using medicinal plants were interviewed. Results showed a good knowledge and wise, proper safe and practical use of common medicinal plants such as lemon, citronella, ginger, and some other vegetables for treating usual conditions – fever, cold, diarrhora, cough, etc
Plants, Medicinal ; Diseases ; Plants

Eleven compounds (1–11) were isolated from the rhizomes of Osmunda japonica, and their structures were elucidated based on 1H, 13C-NMR and LC-IT-TOF MS data. Of these compounds, all compounds (1 – 11) have been previously reported, although five (6 – 9, 11) have not previously been isolated from this plant. The antioxidant activities of isolated compounds (1 – 11) were measured by DPPH and ABTS assays, and compound 10 showed the high antioxidant activity.
Plants ; Rhizome*

Aims: Khaya grandifoliola C.DC is a plant used locally in Nigeria ethno medicine for remedy of various disease conditions. However, there is little scientific evidence to support the therapeutic claims of the plant. Therefore, these investigations were conducted to determine the antimicrobial activity, antioxidant and cytotoxic potentials of the plant extracts. Methodology and results: In vitro antimicrobial activity of the leaf and stem bark extracts of K. grandifoliola against some human pathogens was done using agar diffusion method. The free radical scavenging activity and cytotoxic property of the plant materials were evaluated using 2, 2- diphenyl-1-pieryhydrazyl radical (DPPH) and brine shrimp lethality bioassay methods respectively. The yields of the plant material extracts ranged from 3.57±0.06 to 6.49±0.01% and 4.76±0.02 to 9.17±0.06% for the leaf and stem bark extracts respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of KG-A and KG-E ranged from 2.5 to 200 mg/mL and recorded remarkable activity against the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Trichophyton rubrum and Aspergillus flavus. However, Strepcoccus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and T. rubrum were resistant to the KG-W. The plant extracts demonstrated high DPPH free radical scavenging activity when compared with ascorbic acid used as control in the assay and, also exhibited lethality against brine shrimp larvae with LC50 values ranging from: leaf extracts (0.67 to 1502 ppm) and stem bark extracts (0.91 to 1431 ppm). Conclusion, significance and impact of study: The results show that the KG-A and KG-E have great potentials as antimicrobial agent and may be used in the treatment of infectious diseases caused by the susceptible organisms.
Plants, Medicinal

Aims: Quantitative screening of phytochemical properties and antimicrobial activities were done on some plants of importance in human medicine as traditional herbs to treat fish diseases in Malaysia. Six extracts of Vitex trifolia, Aloe vera, Strobilanthes crispus, Clinacanthus nutans, Pereskia grandifolia and Peperomia pellucida were determined for phytochemical properties and their antibacterial activities against common freshwater pathogens i.e. Streptococcus agalactiae, Aeromonas hydrophila and Enterobacter cloacae. Methodology and results: Qualitative screening of phytochemical properties in herbs were determined using conversional method for flavonoids, tannins, saponin, alkaloids steroid and glycoside The results showed flavonoid was presence in all plant extracts. For the antimicrobial activity, the aqueous and methanolic extracts were tested by using disk diffusion method. Antimicrobial assay of methanolic crude extracts (25 to 100 mg/mL) showed effectiveness against the pathogenic bacteria. Comparatively, all aqueous extracts did not show any antimicrobial activity. Strong antibacterial activity was shown by the methanolic extracts of V. trifolia, A. vera and S. crispus while moderate antimicrobial activity was shown by C. nutans, P. grandifolia and P. pellucida. Conclusion, significance and impact study: The current results indicated that the studied plants might indeed be potential sources of natural antimicrobial agents to control fish diseases.
Plants, Medicinal