Objective:To study the infuence of chemotherapy combined with thymopetidum on cellular immunity of the patients with late gastrointestinal malignant tumor.Method:80 cases in the present study were divided into two groups:treatment group(40 cases treated by thymopetidum and chemotherapy) and controlled group(40 cases treated by chemotherapy only).25 cases without malignant tumors were grouped as a normal group.The activity of T-lymphocyte subgroup and its cytokines as IL-2(Th_1 ) and IL-10(Th2) in the peripheral blood of the treatment group were investigated before the treatment and on the tenth day after the treatment for two cycles.A statistical study was done between the two groups.Result:Before the treatment,T-lymphocyte subset(CD_3~+.CD_4~+ and the ratio of CD_4~+/CD_8~+ ) and IL-2 of the patients with gatrointestinal malignant tumor were lower than those of the normal group.The values of CD_8~+ and IL-10 were obviously increased,compared with those of the normal group.After the treatment for two cycles,CD_3~+,CD_4~+ and the ratio of CD_4~+ /CD_8~+ were higher respectively than those before the treatment in the two groups,and the changes in the tested group were higher than those in the controlled group.IL-2 of the tested group was lower respectively and its IL-10 was higher than before the treatment,but there was no significant difference for the controlled group.The efficiency of the tested group was higher than that of the controlled group.Conclusion:The immunity of T-lymphocyte subgroup was suppressed in the patients with gastrointestinal malignant tumor and the expression of Th2 type cytokines was enhanced.The cellular immunity of patients was improved by killing tumor cells and removing the immunosuppressive agents after the chemotherapy together with thymopetidum.

Objective To discuss the efficacy and safety of retroperitoneal laparoscopic ureterolithotomy in treatment of ureteral calculi.Methods All 33 cases with upper or midst ureter calculi were treated by laparoscopic ureterolithotomy,ESWL or URSL ineffective for 26 cases.The diameters of calculi ranged from 0.7 to 2.1 cm.Results All the operations were successful.The operation time was 30～120 min with a mean of 55 min.The intraoperative bleeding volume Was 40 ml (20～80 ml) on average no complication Was observed duing the follow-up of 6～12 months.All the hydronephrosis Was alleviated.Conclusion Laparoscopic ureterolithotomy is suitable for ureteral calculi treated unsuccesfully by open surgery.It is effective,safety and miniinvasive.

Objective To investigate the effect of ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury on apoptosis of pancreatic cells in rats with acute pancreatitis(AP). Methods Fifty four SD rats were randomized into 3 groups: pancreatitis group ( n =24), I/R injury group ( n =24) and control group ( n =6). The animal model of AP was induced by retrograde injection of 3% sodium taurocholate into biliopancreatic duct in rats. Pancreatic I/R was caused by blocking the inferior splenic artery and removing the clamp after AP induction. At 1 h, 3 h, 6 h and 12 h, groups of rats were sacrificed. A terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP biotion nick end labeling (TUNEL) was used to detect pancreatic apoptosis, and histological changes of the pancreas were observed. Results Pancreatic hemorrhage, necrosis were respectively observed in the pancreatitis rats at 6 h and the I/R injury rats at 1 h. Histological changes of the pancreatitis rats at 1 h and 3 h were only congestion and edema. Apoptoic acinar cells increased after AP induction, the peak respectively appeared at 6 h in the pancreatitis rats and at 3 h in the I/R injury rats. Compared with the pancreatitis rats, apoptosis index (AI) of the I/R injury rats was significantly higher at 1 h and 3 h ( P

Objective To construct a prognostic risk model for exploring the prognostic value of copper metabolism related genes(CMRGs)in lung adenocarcinoma(LUAD),thereby providing a reference for personalized treatment of LUAD patients.Methods The RNA-seq data of LUAD tissues and adjacent or normal lung tissues were downloaded from the Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)database and Genotype-tissue Expression(GTEx)database.The risk scoring model was established using univariate Cox regression analysis,Lasso analysis and multivariate Cox regression analysis,and the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves and nomogram were used to evaluate the model performance.The LUAD data in the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO),the Tumor Immune Single-cell Hub(TISCH)single-cell sequencing analysis,and the Human Protein Atlas(HPA)immunohistochemistry analysis were used for external validation.Additionally,the immune microenvironment and drug sensitivity of high-and low-risk groups were analyzed.Results A risk model consisting of 6 genes was constructed.The overall survival rate of low-risk group was higher than that of high-risk group(P<0.001).ROC analysis showed that the area under curve of the risk model in training set reached 0.729,0.749 and 0.707 at 1-,3-and 5-year,respectively,and the C index of C-index curve was 0.721(95%CI:0.678-0.764).The immune microenvironment differed significantly between high-and low-risk groups(P<0.001),and the drug sensitivity analysis in high-and low-risk groups revealed that there was statistically significant for gemcitabine,gefitinib,crizotinib and savolitinib(P<0.001).Conclusion The risk model constructed with 6 CMRGs enable the prediction of the prognosis of LUAD patients.The immune microenvironment differs in high-and low-risk group,and high-risk patients are more sensitive to drugs such as gemcitabine,gefitinib,crizotinib and savolitinib,which provide a reference for the personalized treatment of LUAD patients.

is one of the most well-known proto-oncogenes. Its gain-of-function mutations occur in approximately 30% of all human cancers. As the most frequently mutated isoform, KRAS is intensively studied in the past years. Despite its well-recognized importance in cancer malignancy, continuous efforts in the past three decades failed to develop approved therapies for mutant cancer. KRAS has thus long been considered to be undruggable. Encouragingly, recent studies have aroused renewed interest in the development of KRAS inhibitors either directly towards mutant KRAS or against the crucial steps required for KRAS activation. This review summarizes the most recent progress in the exploration of KRAS-targeted anticancer strategies and hopefully provides useful insights for the field.

BACKGROUND: Lung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world, and the current lung cancer screening and treatment strategies are constantly improving, but its 5-year survival rate is still very low, which seriously endangers human health. Therefore, it is critical to explore new biomarkers to provide personalized treatment and improve the prognosis. Cuproptosis is a newly discovered type of cell death, which is due to the accumulation of excess copper ions in the cell, eventually leading to cell death, which has been suggested by studies to be closely related to the occurrence and development of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, this study explored the association between cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) and LUAD prognosis, established a prognostic risk model, and analyzed the interaction between CRGs and LUAD immune cell infiltration. METHODS: The RNA-seq data of LUAD tissue and paracancerous or normal lung tissue were downloaded from the TCGA database; the RNA-seq data of normal lung tissue was downloaded from the Genotype-tissue Expression (GTEx) database, and the data of 462 lung adenocarcinoma cases were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus repository (GEO) as verification. T the risk score model to assess prognosis was constructed by univariate Cox and Lasso-Cox regression analysis, and the predictive ability of the model was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and calibration curve. Immune-related and drug susceptibility analysis was further performed on high- and low-risk groups. RESULTS: A total of 1656 CRGs and 1356 differentially expressed CRGs were obtained, and 13 CRGs were screened out based on univariate Cox and Lasso-Cox regression analysis to construct a prognostic risk model, and the area under the curves (AUCs) of ROC curves 1-, 3- and 5- year were 0.749, 0.740 and 0.689, respectively. Further study of immune-related functions and immune checkpoint differential analysis between high- and low-risk groups was done. High-risk groups were more sensitive to drugs such as Savolitinib, Palbociclib, and Cytarabine and were more likely to benefit from immunotherapy. CONCLUSIONS The risk model constructed based on 13 CRGs has good prognostic value, which can assist LUAD patients in individualized treatment, and provides an important theoretical basis for the treatment and prognosis of LUAD.
Humans ; Adenocarcinoma/genetics* ; Adenocarcinoma of Lung/genetics* ; Early Detection of Cancer ; Lung Neoplasms/genetics* ; Prognosis ; Copper ; Apoptosis