Objective To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of fire needle therapy for knee osteoarthritis (KOA), and provide reference for clinic and research. Methods Systematic searches were conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, Web of science, CNKI, VIP, CBM and WanFang Data to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on fire needle therapy treating KOA from inception to August 2013. Two reviewers independently screened articles according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracted data and evaluated the quality of the included studies. Then meta-analysis was performed using RevMan5.2. Results A total of 8 RCTs involving 820 patients were included. According to the different measures of control groups, subgroup analyses was performed and meta-analysis results showed that compared with the routine acupuncture group, the fire needle therapy group in clinical cured rate [OR=2.12, 95% CI (1.48, 3.02), P=0.000 1] and markedly effective rate (OR=3.92, 95%CI (2.65, 5.81), P<0.000 01] aspects all have statistical difference. Compared with the warm acupuncture group, the fire needle therapy group in the markedly effective rate [OR=4.12, 95% CI (1.92, 8.87), P=0.000 3] is statistically significant, but there is no statistical difference between the two groups in clinical cured rate [OR=3.09, 95% CI (0.95, 10.05), P =0.06]. Compared with the acupuncture needle (routine acupuncture and warm acupuncture) group, the fire needle therapy group in the visual analogue scale of knee pain [OR=-0.54, 95%CI (-0.85, -0.24), Z=3.46, P=0.000 5] after treatment is statistically difference. The adverse reactions to fire needle treatment of KOA patients have not been reported. Conclusion Current clinical evidence indicates that fire needle therapy is efficient for relieving clinical symptoms of patients with KOA, and improving their quality of life. However, due to lack of enough high-quality studies, fire needle therapy has to be further studied by conducting more strictly-designed, multicenter and large-scale RCTs.

There are a large amount of neural stem cells in the olfactory system which have an active proliferation, ongoing and direc-tional differentiation and migration in order to adapt to the changing environment. The clinical findings showed that the early stages of some neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease all presented dysosmia. In recent years, the relationship be-tween air pollution and dysosmia attracts public concerns. This article introduced some research progresses in this field.

Objective: To investigate the inlfuence of different blood pressure (BP) circadian rhythm on cardiac function in hypertensive patients.
Methods: A total of 180 hypertensive patients with well controlled day-time blood pressure were divided into 3 groups. Dipper group, n=30, Non-dipper group, n=99 and Reverse dipper group, n=51. The relationship between cardiac function, relevant clinical index and blood pressure circadian rhythm were analyzed.
Results: The mean systolic and diastolic BP, BP classiifcation and the antihypertensive medication were similar among 3 groups.①The ratio of peak mitral E wave to peak mitral annulus E' wave (E/E') increased accordingly from Dipper group, Non-dipper group and Reverse-dipper group as (8.1 ± 2.4), (8.6 ± 2.5) and (9.6 ± 3.2), P<0.05. ②Left atrial volume index (LAVi) in Reverse-dipper and Non-dipper groups were higher than that in Dipper group as (43.8 ± 11.8) ml/m2, (40.7 ± 9.8) ml/m2 and (36.6 ± 8.5) ml/m2, P<0.05 or P<0.01. ③E/E' was positively related to nocturnal systolic BP and age, negatively related to nocturnal BP decline rate (nocturnal BPR); E/E' was independently related to age and BPR. LAVi was positively related to nocturnal systolic BP, pulse pressure, age and hypertension course, negatively related to the mean diastolic BP, day-time diastolic BP and BPR; LAVi was independently related to BPR, pulse pressure and hypertension course. Left ventricular ejection fraction had no statistic differences among 3 groups.
Conclusion: Abnormal blood pressure circadian rhythm was associated with the cardiac injury in hypertensive patients. The cardiac injury increased accordingly from Non-dipper group to Reverse-dipper group and the main damage was in diastolic function.

Objective To evaluate the effect of laparoscopic myomectomy. Methods Clinical data of 62 cases of laparoscopic myomectomy were analyzed retrospectively. Results Success was achieved in all the operations.Of the 62 cases,intramural myoma was confirmed in 45 cases,and subserous myoma,17 cases (non-pedicled,10 cases; pedicled,7 cases).A total of 101 myomas were removed,with a diameter of 1～9 cm (mean,6 8 cm).The mean operative time was 25～270 min (mean,99 min),and the intraoperative blood loss,10～400 ml (mean,63 ml).The postoperative hospital stay was 2～8 days (mean,4 7 days) and the overall complication rate was 25 8% (16/62).Follow-up observation in 42 cases for 2～36 months (mean,9 months) found recurrence in 2 cases and full-term pregnancy in 2 out of 10 cases with infertility. Conclusions Laparoscopic myomectomy has advantages of safety,quick recovery,short hospital stay and fewer complications.

Objective To compare the muscular relaxation effect and side effects of Cisatracuri-um and Succinylcholine for children on tracheal foreign body removal.Methods Forty ASA Ⅰ pediat-ric patients,undergoing electivetracheal foreign body removal,were randomly divided into two groups:group C,received cisatracurium 0.2 mg/kg for induction,0.05 mg/kg for maintenance,n=20;group S,received succinycholine 2 mg/kg for induction,0.4 mg/kg for maintenance,n=20.All patients were performed with controlled ventilation assisted by high-frequency jet ventilation (HFJV).We recorded bronchoscope condition,muscle relaxant supplements,extubation time and the incidence of muscle soreness in postoperative 24 h.Results There was no significant difference in bronchoscope condition between these two groups.The extubation time were significantly longer in group C than in group S (P<0.05).The incidence of muscle soreness in postoperative 24 h were sig-nificantly higher after the operation in group S than that in group C (P<0.01).All patients in group S needed muscle relaxant supplements,but none in group C (P <0.01).Conclusion Both Cisatra-curium and succinylcholine can provide good muscle relaxation effect on tracheal foreign body remov-al,but cisatracurium prolong the extubation time,and succinylcholine increase the incidence of muscle soreness.

OBJECTIVE: To review endonasal endoscopic surgeries aided by Fusion image guided system, and to explore the application value of Fusion image guided system in endonasal endoscopic surgeries. METHOD: Retrospective research. Sixty cases of endonasal endoscopic surgeries aided by Fusion image guided system were analysed including chronic rhinosinusitis with polyp (n = 10), fungus sinusitis (n = 5), endoscopic optic nerve decompression (n = 16), inverted papilloma of the paranasal sinus (n = 9), ossifying fibroma of sphenoid bone (n = 1), malignance of the paranasal sinus (n = 9), cerebrospinal fluid leak (n = 5), hemangioma of orbital apex (n = 2) and orbital reconstruction (n = 3). RESULT: Sixty cases of endonasal endoscopic surgeries completed successfully without any complications. Fusion image guided system can help to identify the ostium of paranasal sinus, lamina papyracea and skull base. Fused CT-CTA images, or fused MR-MRA images can help to localize the optic nerve or internal carotid arteiy . Fused CT-MR images can help to detect the range of the tumor. It spent (7.13 ± 1.358) minutes for image guided system to do preoperative preparation and the surgical navigation accuracy reached less than 1mm after proficient. There was no device localization problem because of block or head set loosed. CONCLUSION Fusion image guided system make endonasal endoscopic surgery to be a true microinvasive and exact surgery. It spends less preoperative preparation time, has high surgical navigation accuracy, improves the surgical safety and reduces the surgical complications.
Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak ; surgery ; Endoscopy ; instrumentation ; Fibroma, Ossifying ; surgery ; Humans ; Nasal Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Neurosurgical Procedures ; Nose ; pathology ; Papilloma, Inverted ; surgery ; Paranasal Sinuses ; pathology ; Retrospective Studies ; Sinusitis ; surgery ; Sphenoid Bone ; pathology ; Surgery, Computer-Assisted ; methods

Objective To investigate the therapeutic efficacy and side effects of arsenic trioxide (As2O3) with ATRA on newly-diagnosed patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Methods 35 patients of newly-diagnosed APL received As2O3 with ATRA treatment. The therapeutic effects were compared with As2O3 treatment on 33 patients. The dose were adjusted according with As2O3 0.16 mg·kg-2·d-1 and ATRA 25 mg·m-2·d-1 until complete remission (CR). The CR rate, period to CR, the incidence of early death and side effects were observed in two groups. Results There was no significant difference in CR rate, in which 94.3 % for As2O3 with ATRA group and 90.9 % for As2O3 group (P >0.05). Significant difference was observed in the period to CR, in which the medium time to CR was 26.1 days for As2O3 with ATRA group and 30.5 days for As2O3 group (P <0.05). No significant differences was detected in APL associated syndrome, the occurrence of cytoxic responses and the incidence of early death. The death rate was higher in high WBC group than that in middle and low WBC group, with statistical difference (P <0.05), but there was no obvious difference between lower WBC and middle WBC group (P >0.05). Conclusion The treatment combined with As2O3 and ATRA could lessen the time of reaching CR. The WBC count > 10×l09/L was one of the main causes of therapy associated death and the APL differentiation syndrome should be detected and given attention immediately.

Objective To investigate the association between Metabolic syndrome and colon cancer.Methods A literature search was performed through PubMed,Ovidsp,CNKI and Wangfang Data within the time limit of January 1 990 to May 2014.Ac-cording to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,the studies were screened and the data were extracted.Then Meta-analysis was per-formed using Stata Statistical Software version 12.0.Results A total of 8 studies(6 cohort studies and 2 case-control studies)met the inclusion criteria.Meta analysis showed that patients with Metabolic syndrome had a higher risk of colon cancer incidence com-pared with the control group without Metabolic syndrome(OR =1.43,95%CI :1.23 - 1.66,P <0.05 ).Stratified analysis showed Metabolic syndrome had a higher risk of colon cancer incidence in male(OR=1.50,95%CI :1.22-1.84,P <0.05),but in female, this association was not found(OR=1.39,95%CI :0.98- 1.96,P =0.07).In addition,Meta analysis showed that Metabolic syn-drome was not associated with an increased risk of colon cancer mortality(OR=1.22,95%CI :0.92-1.63,P =0.1 7).Conclusion This Meta analysis indicated a positive association between Metabolic syndrome and colon cancer incidence in male,but not in fe-male.Metabolic syndrome might not be associated with an increased risk of colon cancer mortality,yet it needs more prospective co-hort studies to confirm the conclusion.

ObjectiveTo explore the effects of the conjugate prepared from the cholera toxin B subunit(CB) and nerve growth factor(NGF) on the spatial learning and memory abilities and cholinergic function.MethodsThe conjugate of CB-NGF was prepared by the improved sodium metaperiodate method and nasally administrated to the β-amyloid protein(Aβ25-35) induced amnesic mice for 7 days with 2 dosage (7-5 μg/d、15 μg/d). Spatial learning and memory abilities were evaluated by Morris water maze and cholinergic function was assessed with the choline acetyl transferase (ChAT) immunohistochemical methods.ResultsMorris water maze test showed that the escape latency in Aβ25-35-treated mice prolonged and the staying time reduced in the crossed first quadrant where the platform had been located, compared with the control mice (P<0-01). In addition, the number of ChAT positive neuron declined in the model mice(P<0-001). CB-NGF nasal administration significantly shortened the escape latency and elevated the staying time and number of ChAT positive neuron(P<0-01).ConclusionCB-NGF treatment can improve the spatial and memory performance which may involve the neuroprotection to cholinergic system.

OBJECTIVETo study the contribution of puberty maturation to smoking behavior in Chinese adolescents.

METHODSA cross-sectional survey was carried out. One thousand four hundred and fifty-three senior middle school students aged from 15 - 18 years were recruited in Shanghai in 2000. A standardized self-administrated questionnaire was designed to obtain information on smoking, age at first nocturnal ejaculation in boys, age at menarche in girls and variables that might be associated with smoking in adolescents.

RESULTSIn boys, the prevalence of experimental smoking was highest among later maturers (28.6%), followed by the earlier (21.3%) and the average (21.7%), and the prevalence of current smoking was highest among earlier maturers (16.4%), followed by the later (7.1%) and then the average (4.8%). In girls, the prevalence of ever smoked among earlier, average and later maturers were as follows: 24.2%, 12.0%, 6.3% respectively. When psychosocial variables which might be associated with smoking were under control, early maturation was a significant risk factor for current smoking in boys (OR = 3.68, 95% CI: 1.23 - 10.99), and might be a risk factor for ever smoked in girls (OR = 2.23, 95% CI: 0.89 - 5.60). Whereas late maturation might have been a risk factor for boys to experiment smoking (OR = 1.48, 95% CI: 0.72 - 3.06), while in girls it might be protective (OR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.22 - 1.86).

CONCLUSIONEarlier or later matured boys and earlier matured girls were at higher risk of smoking. Pubertal changes and timing need to be considered in smoking prevention.

Adolescent ; Adolescent Behavior ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Puberty ; physiology ; psychology ; Risk Factors ; Sexual Maturation ; physiology ; Smoking ; epidemiology ; psychology ; Statistics as Topic