The variety of primary or secondary pancreatic diseases or injuries in children can cause the changes of pancreatic endocrine function,leading to the structural damage of pancreatic endocrine cells and the dysfunction,which can worsen the disease progression and prognosis.The etiology of pancreatic damage is complex,little is known about the pathogenesis.But the change of pancreatic endocrine function caused by pancreatic damage has clinical significance.Based on current studies and animal experiments,this review covered the etiology and pathogenesis of pancreatic endocrine dysfunction in children with pancreatic damage,which would help promote the cognitive level and the research development in this new field and provide new ideas for the research of pancreatic damage.

The phosphatase of regenerating liver(PRL)families of phosphatases,consisting of PRL-1,PRL-2,and PRL-3,are individually overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell lines and tissues when eom-pared with their normal counterparts.Several recent studies have shown that PRL-3 is expressed at a higher lev-el and at a greater frequency in colorectal cancer with liver metastases compared with primary colorectal tumorsand normal colon tissue.Expression of PRL can enhance metastatic and invasive properties of cells and initiate tumor angiogenesis in experimental mice.However,the exact mechanism and in- teracting proteins of the PRL remain unclear.With further study,PRL-3 may server as an attractive target for therapeutic intervention and marker for colon cancer metastasis.

Objective To analyze the composing principles of herbs in prescriptions for treating nervous urinary frequency of children by using traditional Chinese medicine. Methods The prescriptions for treating nervous urinary frequency of children were searched in CNKI, VIP, Wanfang database to establish relevant database, and the composing principles were analyzed by using revised mutual information, complex system entropy cluster, and unsupervised hierarchical clustering in the TCM inheritance system after data entry. Results Based on the analysis of 117 entries in 63 cases of prescriptions, the frequency of 32 entries was more than 5 times;22 combinations contained 2 to 3 entries, including 10 entries in total 11 medicine association rules and their confidence coefficient were obtained, which leaded to 14 new core combinations and 7 new prescriptions. Conclusion Nervous urinary frequency of children is mainly treated with the tonification by Chinese herbal compound, in particular with the herbs which can nourish kidney and reduce urination. The new prescriptions were generated by TCM inheritance system, which need verification through clinical trials.

HCMV infection can cause hepatopathy,pneumonia,diarrhea,thrombocytopenic purpura,and sensorineural hearing loss(SNHL),with high morbility and mortality.pp65(phosphoprotein 65),a major constitutive protein of virion,is closely associated with viral gene expression,immune evasion and cell metabolism.pp65 antigenemia level has positive correlation with clinical symptom,which can guide the preemptive therapyand improve prognosis,is considered as one of the golden standard methods of active cytomegalovirus infection.In this paper,the pp65 protein properties,pathogenesis,application in diagnosis and prevention are reviewed.

p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) is an important intracellular signaling transduction pathway.Its major role is involved in inflammatory regulation and apoptosis.p38 MAPK is activated during the cerebral ischemia.Its expression level and the upstream and downstream protein phosphorylation levels will change.Ischemic preconditioning may mediate the survival or death of neuronal cells after cerebral ischemia through signaling transduction pathway.

Objective To explore the feelings of the caregivers of dementia patients,and find the resource of the caregiver's abuse tendency to dementia patients in community.Methods The data of 10 caregivers were collected through deep interviews,and the Colaizzi analysis method was used to analyze the data.Results Through repeatedly reading,arranging,analysis,separation,and theme refining,five themes were drawn:lack of related knowledge and care skills,care tasks making caregivers tired,the economic burden,lack of social support,low sense of worth.Conclusions When concerning the problems caused by dementia patients,it's necessary to appeal the society and government to provide feasible service and assistance on the issue of abuse tendency,which is produced by the caregivers during the process of taking care of them.

Based on the characteristics of the onset age of acne,relationship of both inter-promotion and inter-restraint among the five elements between the liver and the lung,route of main and collateral channels,relationship among emotions,menstruation and acne,and clinical effects,etc.this article emphasized treating acne from the liver theory and discussed its theoritical and clinical evidence.According to this artical,the liver fire attacking the lung was the important pathogenesis of the occurrence of acne,Eliminating the liver fire was the important method of treating acne.

BACKGROUND:Nowadays treatment of osteoarthritis with drugs is not ideal. In recent years, more and more scientists try to use stem cells to treat osteoarthritis.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the stem celltreatment for osteoarthritis in order to promote its clinical application and find out its difficulties.
METHODS:A computer-based online search of PubMed database and CNKI database between March 1998 and October 2013 was performed to search related articles with the key words of“stem cell, osteoarthritis, bone metabolism, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells”in English or in Chinese, respectively. The word“AND”was used for the connection between the word retrieval. Literatures related to stem cells treatment for osteoarthritis were selected;in the same field, the articles published lately in authoritative journals were preferred.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:A total of 79 literatures were primarily selected, and 50 documents were involved for summary according to inclusion criteria. The stem celltreatment for osteoarthritis is realized mainly by promoting the repair of cartilage tissue. Commonly used methods are stem celltransplantation and induced differentiation of stem cells. Stem celltreatment has broad application prospects for the treatment of osteoarthritis.

0.05.GFA protein was also detected in skeletal muscle of neonatal and adult mouse by Western blot.The results indicate that the mucsle of adult mouse has the potential to differentiate into glial cells.

Objective To observe the clinical effect of recombinant human growth hormone(rhGH) in the treatment of Turner syndrome(TS).Methods The clinical data of 40 children with TS who were treated with rhGH were retrospectively analyzed.Results After treatment for 6 months,the GV,IGF-1 levels [(9.4 ± 2.7) cm/a,(433.9 ± 164.9)μg/L] were significantly higher than those before treatment [(2.5 ± 0.4)cm/a,(186.7 ± 7.33) μg/L],the differences were statistically significant(t =45.562 5,5.061 0,all P ＜ 0.05).The treatment dose of rhGH,initial treatment age had no significant relationship with GV,the GH peak before treatment had no significant correlation with GV.There was no obvious adverse reactions in the treatment process.Conclusion For children with TS,rhGH can improve the height,improve the therapeutic effect,reduce the burden of family and society.Low dose of rhGH in the treatment of TS can achieve better curative effect,the initial treatment age and growth rate in children had no obvious relationship,the insulin growth factor is an important index during the treatment,and the changes of insulin growth should be closely monitored,and adjusting the dosage of the drug in order to achieve the best therapeutic effect.