OBJECTIVE: To establish an optimized preparation process for Yegan Drop Pills. METHODS: The orthogonal test was applied to the selection of basic substance ( polyglycol) , temperature of cooling agent ( usoline) , and ratio in quantity of the extract to the basic substance. RESULTS: The optimal preparation process is under the condition of using polyglycol 4000, and cooling temperature at 10～ 15℃ . CONCLUSION: The Yegan Drop Pills prepared by using the technique are good in shape, stable in quality and easy to replicate. The technique can provide reference for the manufacture of Yegan Drop Pills.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the protective effect of Zingiber officinale extract on retinal ischemia-reperfusion (RIR) injury in rats. METHODS: 45 SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group, model group and Z.officinale extract group (400 mg?kg-1).RIR models were induced by infusing normal saline into anterior chambers for l hour. During five days before modeling,Z.officinale extract group were oral administration of Z.officinale extract two times per day by i.g. and model group distilled water. The medication regime remained after modeling. The activity of SOD and the content of malonyldialdehyde(MDA) and NO in retina were measured at 12 h,24 h,48 h and 72 h after modeling. The retinal ultrastructural changes were detected under the electron microscope. RESULTS: Compared with model group, in high-dose of Z.officinale extract group Z.officinale extract could strengthen the activity of SOD, reduce the levels of MDA and NO(P

Objective To investigate the characteristics of children ametropia in the development process ,predict and analyze the refractive state with the measurement data of refractive factors on the children aged from 5 to 13 years old .Methods 461 children (922 eyes) ,aged from 5 to 13 years old ,were selected from outpatients who went to ophthalmology clinic from January 2011 to September 2012 .The static diopter was measured by the optometry with the continuous mydriasis of 5 days using the ophthalmic gel of 1% atropine .And the biological measured values of refractive factors were obtained by the A type ultrasonic and keratome-ter .Meanwhile ,the parameters including the height (H) ,weight and the dominant eye were recorded to analyze the characteristics of children ametropia in the development process ,and then the equation between the diopter and the correlative factors including the measurement data of refractive factors and growth factors was established by the stepwise multiple regression analysis .Results (1) The myopia degree of the right eye static diopter was significantly deeper than the left (P<0 .05) .In the group in which the left eye was dominant ,the difference of the left eye and right eye refractive factors was not statistically significant (P>0 .05) .In the group in which the right eye was dominant ,the difference of the left eye and right eye refractive factors was not statistically significant (P>0 .05) except the instance in which K1 of the right eye was bigger than the left eye(P<0 .05) .(2) In the period of 5 to 13 years old ,the myopia developing trend of girls was earlier than boys .(3) The ocular axis length(AL) and H development had a close relationship ,and the correlation equation of them was AL =16 .135+0 .052H(r=0 .993) .(4) The multiple linear regression equation for the relationship between the static diopter (D) ,ocular AL and mean value of the corneal curvature (K) was D=84 .271-0 .937K -1 .878AL(r=0 .871) .Conclusion The ocular AL and H development of children have a close relationship .The static diopter(D) of the children aged from 5 to 13 years old can be predicted by the ocular axis length(AL) and corneal curvature(K) , w hich can be used to prevent myopia reasonably .

Idiopathic optic neuritis (ION) is a common disorder in neuro-ophthalmology. It harms vision function seriously. However, there are a lots of controversy and confusion about its etiology, etiopathogenesis and outcome of treatments. Recently, potassium channel, such as stichodactyla helianthus peptide (ShK) and TRAM-34, was found to be involved in the immunopathogenesis of ION, and regulation of potassium channel provide a novel immunomodulatory therapy for ION. This paper reviewed the research advance of potassium channel in ION. It is expected to further clarify the pathogenesis and search for effective treatment.

The implantation of aqueous drainaging devices combined with non-penetrating trabecular surgery(NPTS) has been an effective way to treat open-angle glaucoma.Studies concerning characteristics and outcome of various implants have obtained great progresses,and a large number of implants have been used in clinic.This study was designed to summarize present progress of aqueous drainaging devices combined with NPTS by analyzing aqueous drainaging devices combined with NPTS.

Objective To investigate the effect of reduced glutathione(rGSH)on the retina and optic nerve in rats with experimental optic neuritis,and the underlying mechanism.Methods Animal model of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis(EAE),which was as used for acute demyelinating optic neuritis were established in 48 female SD rats,and then the rats were randomly divided into EAE group(n=18)and GSH group(n=30).Another 6 female SD rats served as normal control.Rats of GSH group received an intraperitoneal injection of 100 mg?kg-1?d-1 GSH for 14 d from the beginning of immunization,while the rats of EAE group were given saline alternatively.To observe pathological changes in the optic nerve,retinal ganglion cells(RGCs)apoptosis,and measure malondialdehyde(MDA),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-PX),nitric oxide(NO)levels in the retina were observed and measured in the early period,peak period and recovery period(12 to 14 d,16 to 18 d,or 26 to 28 d after the immunization)of the neuritis.Results There were 18 rats(60%)from GSH group having the disease with a symptom score of 1 to 3.Compared with those of EAE group,their optic nerve fibers were in a comparatively good order,and more glial cells and not obvious demyelination were observed in morphology;Significant lesser apoptotic RGCs were observed in GSH group than in EAE group at the early and peak period(P

Objective To study the effect of curcumin ointment on scar formation in filtering blebs after trabeculectomy in rabbits. Methods Twenty-seven rabbits( 27 eyes) were randomly divided into control group,and matrix( placebo) group,and curcumin group,9 in each group. Trabeculectomy for right eyes was performed on all rabbits. Eyes in control group were not treated with any drug,eyes in matrix group were smeared with 0. 1 g common eye ointment ( 3 times a day) ,and eyes in curcumin group were smeared with 0. 1 g curcumin eye ointment ( 3 times a day). Then,intraocular pressure ( IOP) ,filtering blebs,inflammatory cells,collagen,fibroblasts and myofibroblasts were detected by immunohistochemical staining. Results No significant difference was observed in IOP among the 3 groups before and 1,3,28 d after operation. However,a significant difference was found in IOP among the 3 groups in 7,14 and 21 d after operation ( P

OBJECTIVE:To optimize the forming technology for Zuojin dropping pill.METHODS:The base material and cooling agent were optimized by orthogonal experiment with the type of base material,the ratio of drug to base material,the temperature of physic liquor,the type of the cooling agent as factors taking the mixing state,forming condition and dissolution time as indexes; the dripping condition was optimized with the temperature of the cooling agent,the caliber of the dripping mouth,the dripping distance and dripping speed as factors taking the variation coefficient of the pill weight difference as index. RESULTS:The optimal forming technology was as follows:with polyglycol 4000 as base and paraffin oil as cooling agent; the cooling temperature was 12 ℃;the caliber of the dripping mouth was 3.5/4.9 mm;the dripping distance was 10 cm and the dripping speed was 25 drop?min-1.CONCLUSION:The forming technology is stable,reproducible and the preparation was well-shaped,and the forming technology serves as a reference for the production of Zuojin dropping pill.

OBJECTIVE:To study the supercritical CO2 fluid extraction(SFE-CO2)technology of Olibanum.METHODS:The optimum extraction technology was obtained through orthogonal test with the content of acetic octylester determined by GC and taken as index for the evaluation of the technology.RESULTS:The optimal conditions were as follows:pressure 25 MPa,temperature 60℃ and extraction time 3h.CONCLUSION:The process of SFE-CO2 is suitable for Olibanum extraction.

BACKGROUND:Disequilibrium of proportion of adipogenesis and osteogenesis from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs)is associated with many bone diseases.However,it has been demonstrated that Wnt signaling pathway could play an important role in regulation of BMSC differentiation.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the different gene expression profiles and to find the target gene on Wnt signaling pathway of the BMSCs,after being induced to osteoblasts and adipocytes respectively using Wnt signaling pathway PCR array.METHODS:The third-passage BMSCs,after being induced to osteoblasts and adipocytes respectively for 7 days.The total mRNA of MSCs was extracted by Trizol.BMSC morphology was observed following osteogenic and adipogenic induction under an inverted microscope.Gene array was detected by rat Wnt signaling pathway PCR array.Non-induction group served as controls.The ratio of increase/reduction gene of osteoblasts and adipocytes was calculated.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Under an inverted microscope,BMSCs with high homogenicity were obtained following passage 3.BMSCs differentiated into osteoblasts following osteogenic induction,and into adipocytes following adipogenic induction.Compared with non-induction group,fifteen genes(Dkk1,kremen,FZD1,FZD7,et al.)were expressed up-regulated(ratio ＞ 2)and 16(sFrp 5,β-catenin,Dvl3,Tcf7,et al.)genes down-regulated(ratio ＜ 0.5)when the third-passage BMSCs were induced to adipocytes.Six genes(Dkk1,kremen,β-catenin,Wnt11,et al.)were expressed up-regulated and 15 genes(sFrp5,sFRP4,Fzd1,et al.)down-regulated when BMSCs being induced to osteoblasts.Above-mentioned results suggested that Wnt signaling pathway plays an important role in the osteoblast and adipocyte differentiation from BMSCs.