Objective To investigate the influence of structural psychological intervention on negative emotion of hemodialysis patients during the induction period.Methods 90 hemodialysis patients in induction period were divided into intervention group(structural psychological intervention group,45 cases)and control group(conven-tional nursing group,45 cases)by the method of random number table.The satisfaction degree of nursing after two weeks nursing and negative emotional state before and after intervention were compared between the two groups. Results The satisfaction degree of the intervention group after nursing was 95.5%,which was higher than 84.5% of the control group(χ2 =6.362,P <0.05).The SAS score and SDS score of the two groups before nursing had no significant differences(t =2.41,1.78,all P >0.05).While the SAS score and SDS score of the intervention group after nursing were significantly better than before intervention(t =4.87,6.62,all P <0.05).And the SAS score and SDS score of the intervention group after nursing were significantly better than those of the control group(t =5.76, 8.43,all P <0.05).Conclusion Structural psychological intervention on hemodialysis patients with uremia during the induction period can increase the nursing satisfaction of patients,relieve the anxiety and depression of hemodialysis patients during the induction period.

OBJECTIVEThe aim of the present study was to evaluate the modulating effect of glycyrrhizic acid C-18 epimers, 18alpha-glycyrrhizic acid (alpha-GL) and 18beta-glycyrrhizic acid (beta-GL) on both P-glycoprotein (P-gp) activity and expression in Caco-2 cell.

METHODThe effects of P-gp activity were analyzed by rhodamine (Rhd 123) accumulation test, and those of P-gp expression were analyzed by flow cytometry and real-time PCR.

RESULTAt middle and high concentrations (10, 60 micromol x L(-1)), alpha-GL inhibited the function of P-gp and with on dose dependent while beta-GL induced the function of P-gp at three test concentrations with no dose dependent too. At middle and high concentrations (10, 60 micromol x L(-1)), alpha-GL down-regulated the expression of MDR1 mRNA. At high concentrations (60 micromol x L(-1)), beta-GL up-regulated the expression of MDR1 mRNA; At high concentrations (60 micromol x L(-1)), beta-GL induced the expression of P-gp protein while alpha-GL has no effect on the expression of P-gp protein at three test concentrations.

CONCLUSIONThe effects of alpha-GL and beta-GL on the expression of MDR1 mRNA and CYP3A mRNA showed the same trend. The character that epimers of GL act on CYP3A and P-gp show similar stereo selectivity whether relate to PXR need further study.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Sub-Family B ; genetics ; metabolism ; Caco-2 Cells ; Down-Regulation ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Gene Expression ; drug effects ; Glycyrrhizic Acid ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Humans

By exploring the core ideas of the "Xingnao Kaiqiao" theory, analyzing the relationship between the "Xingnao Kaiqiao" theory and the TCM encephalopathy, and exploring the necessity of acupuncture for the treatment of TCM encephalopathy, in order to clarify how to diagnose and treat brain diseases in acupuncture and moxibustion. The "Xingnao Kaiqiao" is the core of the theory of the "Tiaoshen", the acupuncture of "Xingnao Kaiqiao" was based on the principle of "Xingnao","Xingshen" and "Tiaoshen", the idea of the "Tiaoshen" was inseparable from the diagnosis and treatment of the TCM encephalopathy. Based on the special features of acupuncture therapy and complexity and particularity of TCM encephalopathy, acupuncture and moxibustion treatment of encephalopathy was supposed to have their own unique system of syndrome differentiation and treatment. During the practice of acupuncture, the diagnosis and treatment of TCM encephalopathy should be based on "brain", "Xingnao Tiaoshen" as a general rule, adding and subtracting from the main points of the "Xingnao Kaiqiao", and the different brain diseases are matched with appropriate treatments.