0.05);there were significant decrease in FPG,PPG and HbA1c in the DM+INS+RSG group after 1 and 3 months treatment(P

Objective To investigate the causes, diagnosis and treatment of gastrolienal portal hypertension. Methods During recent 10 years, 32 cases of gastrolienal portal hypertension were admitted. Clinicopathological features were analyzed. Results The main causes of this entity was chronic pancreatitis or pseudocyst of the pancreas (14 cases), tuberculosis of lymph nodes in retroperitoneum (7 cases) , retroperitoneal malignant lymphoma (3 cases) and pancreatic tumors (8 cases). Definite diagnosis was made in all 32 cases during the hospitalization. Twenty cases underwent surgery including splenectomy (11 cases) , splenectomy plus portal-azygous disconnection (5 cases) , splenectomy plus distal pancreatectomy (4 cases) , endoscopic varicose vein ligation combined with partial splenic embolization (2 cases), and endoscopic varicose vein ligation ( 5 cases). Conclusion A definite diagnosis of gastrolienal portal hypertension lies in the surgeon's recognition of this entity. Splenectomy is the most effective symptomatic treatment.

AIM:To discuss Daidzein intravitreal injection whether has protective and recovery effects on acute nerve damages.
METHODS:After the crush models of acute optic nerve were set up, 72 males SD rats were divided into 4 groups randomly as common group without surgery, FBS negative control group, Daidzein treatment group ( 10μmol/L, 100μmol/L, 1000μmol/L ) and positive control group using rats nerve growth factor ( mNGF, 100ng/mL ). Three days after interference, all experimental animals were executed. HE staining was used to evaluate morphologic change of the retina, immunohisochemical staining and western-blot tests for identifying and quantifying the distinct expression of Caspase-3 and GAP-43 among the groups.
RESULTS: Compared with the normal group and negative control group, retinal morphology of different concentrations of each Daidzein treatment group and positive control group was more complete, the expression of Caspase-3 protein was relatively lower, the expression of GAP-43 protein was relatively higher, the differences have statistically significance (P<0. 05).CONCLUSION: Daizein injection in the vitreous cavity has the capacity of protection and restoration in rat's acute nerve damages.

One type of important plant disease resistance, gene-for-gene resistance, is resulted from the interactions between products of the pathogen avirulence (Avr) genes and their matching plant resistance (R) genes. Avr genes have been cloned from a variety of pathogens including fungi, bacteria, viruses and oomycetes. No significant homology is found between sequences of the most cloned Avr genes and those of known proteins or between those of themselves. However, significant homology has been found between sequences of the cloned R genes and those of known proteins or between those of themselves. R proteins consist of similar domains. It has been reported that hypersensitive cell death and resistance, which are induced by interactions between products of different Avr/R gene pairs consisting of similar R genes but different Avr genes, are distinct in development speed, strength, and organ and tissue specificity. Avr genes have dual functions: Pathogens containing Avr genes are avirulent to plants carrying the matching R genes, while they are virulent in race, strain, pathovar or species-specific way to plants without carrying the matching R genes.
Bacteria ; genetics ; pathogenicity ; Fungi ; genetics ; pathogenicity ; Gene Expression ; Genes, Bacterial ; physiology ; Genes, Fungal ; physiology ; Genes, Viral ; physiology ; Plant Diseases ; genetics ; microbiology ; virology ; Plant Viruses ; genetics ; pathogenicity ; Virulence

Three hundred and twenty-one bacteria strains were obtained from rice leaves,stem,root tissue and paddy field soil,of which the number of strains which can inhibit mycelium of Magnaporthe grisea growth markedly was fifty-seven through fermentation in 2.0 mL Eppendorf tube,and among these fifty-seven strains,five strains were strongly antagonistic to Magnaporthe grisea.These five strains was identified for their morphologic,physiological and biochemical characteristics,and the results showed that one strain(No.156)was bacillus subtilis,two strains(No.171 and No.177)were Bacillus pumillus and two strains(No.192 and No.279)were Bacillus ploymyxa.

Aim The expression of NF-?B activation and the effect of antioxidant (N- acetylcysteine, NAC) on NF-?B activity in human airway epithelial cell was assessed. Methods Using the TNF-?,the airway epithelial cell strains of normal subject(16HBE) and tumor patient (H292) was activated and using Western-Blot and ELISA the expression of NF-?B and IL-8 were detected. Results It was found that the activity of NF-?B could be stimulated by the TNF-? and increase with the amount of TNF-? with the peak occurring at 2 to 4 hours after stimulation and then decreasing at six hours. At the same time, the level of IL-8 was elevated, but decreased with inhibition of NF-?B activity by NAC, that means the action of NAC has a dose-dependent effect. Conclusion NAC not only blocks the signal transmission activated by NF-?B, but also anticipates the transcription modulation of expression of many cell factors and inflammatory mediums. It suggests that NAC may play a role in the anti-inflammatory treatment of respiratory diseases.

Objective To discuss the clinical significance of postoperative application of gastrointestinal decompression after anastomosis of lower digestive tract. Methods Three hundred and sixty-eight patients undergoing excision and anastomosis of lower digestive tract were divided into two groups: the group with postoperative gastrointestinal decompression and the group without it. The clinical therapeutic outcomes and incidences of complications were compared between the two groups. Results The volume of gastric juice in the decompression group was about 200 ml every day after operation. Both groups had a smaller abdomenal circumference before operation than after operation ( P

OBJECTIVE: To repair the postoperative tissue detect of the base of tongue cancer in advanced patients. METHOD: There were 30 patients of medium-high differentiation squamous cell carcinoma(SCC) included in this study. According to the TNM staging of AJCC 2002, there were 4 cases of T2N1M0, 7 of T3N1M0, 10 of T3N2M0, 4 of T4N1M0 and 5 of T4N2M0. Surgical approach of the primary lesion: 12 with transhyoidpharyngotomy approach and 18 with mandibulotomy approach. All cases accepted radiotherapy 4-6 weeks after surgery. RESULT: Twenty-five cases were reconstructed with pedicle pectoralis major myocutaneous flaps, and all them survived. Among them, 1 flap was partial split with surrounding tissue spontaneously, and another flap had partial tissue necrosis, however, both flaps grew well with dressing and other local treatment. Other 5 cases were reconstructed with free anterolateral myocutaneous flaps. Among them, 1 flap had partial tissue necrosis, but had a secondary healing after removing necrotic tissue via mouth approach. All 18 patients of larynx-preservation had tracheal tube pulled out. The 3-year survival rate was 68% and the local control rate was 87%. CONCLUSION Pedicle pectoralis major myocutaneous flaps and free anterolateral myocutaneous flaps were alternative donor area for repairing postoperative tissue defect of the base of tongue; The former was preferred, and the latter was concealed so as to be a kind of effective method, which need adept technique of microsurgery.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; surgery ; Free Tissue Flaps ; Humans ; Larynx ; Myocutaneous Flap ; Neoplasm Staging ; Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Survival Rate ; Tongue ; pathology ; surgery ; Tongue Neoplasms ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo explore the possibility of peripheral nerve damage induced by antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) in different age rats and its pathogenesis.

METHODSAdult (2-month-old) and infant (7-day-old) rats were divided into 8 groups (n = 16 in each) and treated with the following 7 AEDs respectively: phenytoin [PHT, 62.5 mg/(kgxd)], phenobarbital [PB, 30.0 mg/(kgxd)], sodium valproate [VPA, 312.5 mg/(kgxd)], clonazepam [CZP, 1.25 mg /(kgxd)], carbamazepine [CBZ, 187.5 mg/(kgxd)], topiramate [TPM, 40 mg/(kgxd)], oxcarbazepine [OXC, 312.5 mg/(kgxd)], remaining one group was used as control. Four weeks later, 8 rats were sacrificed randomly from each group and serum, sciatic nerves and spinal cord samples were collected. The rest half rats were sacrificed 4 week after AEDs withdrawal. Histological observations were performed on the sciatic nerves samples, including teased fibers, semi-thin sections and electron microscopy. The activity of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) in serum and sciatic nerves were detected respectively. Expression of apoptosis-related proteins Bcl-2 and Bax was detected by immunohistochemistry. Neurons apoptosis in the anterior horns of spinal cord were detected by TUNEL.

RESULTS(1) Except for TPM group, various incidence (7.2% - 20.2%) of teased fibers abnormalities were observed in all the other different age groups. PHT group showed the most serious changes followed by PB (adult) or VPA (infant), CBZ, CZP and OXC groups. The predominant abnormality of teased fibers was demyelination. (2) There was no significant difference in the incidence of pathologic changes in teased fibers between adult and infant groups. Four weeks after AEDs withdrawal, recovery of pathologic changes in teased fibers in infant groups was much better than adult. (3) Significantly increased expression of Bax protein and ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 was only found in infant rats treated with PB, CNP or VPA compared with control (P < 0.05), the results of TUNEL was in accordance with immunohistochemistry. (4) Compared with control, the activity of T-AOC and SOD decreased in both infant and adult rats treated with PHT, CZP, CBZ and OXC, and the reduction of SOD activity in serum and sciatic nerves samples was also found in PB groups. Serum activity of GSH-PX was decreased in both age groups treated with PHT, PB, VPA, CZP, CBZ and OXC. The reduction of GSH-PX activity in sciatic nerves samples was remarkably in both adult and infant rats treated with PHT, PB, CBZ, OXC as well as the infant rats treated with CZP.

CONCLUSIONSSix AEDs (PHT, PB, CBZ, VPA, CZP, OXC) showed the potential to cause peripheral nerves damage. Demyelination was the predominant pathologic change. Both adult and infant rats had the same susceptibility. Recovery of pathologic changes in teased fibers in both age groups was slow, but infant rats were prone to revive more quickly. There was no significant correlation between spinal cord neuron apoptosis and peripheral nerves damages in rats treated with AEDs. Breakdown of oxidation-antioxidation balance was closely related to development of peripheral nerves damages caused by most AEDs.

Animals ; Anticonvulsants ; adverse effects ; Demyelinating Diseases ; chemically induced ; pathology ; Oxidative Stress ; Peripheral Nerves ; drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sciatic Nerve ; pathology ; Spinal Cord ; pathology

OBJECTIVEBased on the potential for nucleotide analogues to affect DNA polymerase-gamma, which controls the proliferation of mitochondria, this study aimed to determine whether long-term treatment with entecavir can cause damage to mitochondrial (mt)DNA in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB).

METHODSPatients with CHB were divided into three groups according to their history of treatment type and duration: (1) entecavir monotherapy for 2 years, n = 17; (2) entecavir monotherapy for 3 years, n = 17; (3) non-antiviral treatment as control, n = 18. PBMCs were isolated and used to assess the mtDNA content by quantitative real-time PCR of mitochondria-specific genes. Plasma malonaldehyde (MDA) and F2-isoprostanes were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAOC) was detected by spectrophotometry.

RESULTSThe relative quantity (RQ; of mtDNA to nuclear (n)DNA) was significantly lower in the 3-year treatment group (0.5+/-0.3) than in the control group (1.4+/-1.2; F = 5.233, P = 0.009). The RQ was also significantly lower in the 2-year treatment group (0.4+/-0.2) than in the control group (P = 0.004). The level of F2-isoprostanes (ng/mL) was significantly lower in the 3-year treatment group (1.2+/-0.5) than in the control group (3.6+/-2.9, P = 0.002) or the 2-year treatment group (2.4+/-1.3, P = 0.007). The TAOC was significantly different when compared among all three groups (F = 4.326, P = 0.019). The TAOC (IU/mL) in the 3-year treatment group (2.6+/-1.2) was significantly lower than in the control group (5.0+/-3.0 P = 0.005), but was not significantly different than that for the 2-year group (3.2+/-1.6, P = 0.227). The levels of MDA were not significantly different between any of the groups (F = 0.291, P = 0.749).

CONCLUSIONLong-term treatment with entecavir, up to 3 years, leads to decreased mtDNA content in PBMCs. Since no clinical manifestations of mtDNA toxicity were observed, the consequent damage to the mitochondrial function may be compensated for by yet unknown mechanisms.

Adult ; Antiviral Agents ; adverse effects ; DNA Damage ; drug effects ; DNA, Mitochondrial ; drug effects ; Female ; Guanine ; adverse effects ; analogs & derivatives ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; blood ; Humans ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; cytology ; Male ; Middle Aged