Objective To explore the drug fast mechanism on carbapenems of Acinetobacter baumannii,it is important for clinicians to choose appropriate antibiotics.Methods The influence of active efflux inhibitors carbonyl cyanide m -chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP)on minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC)of Acinetobacter baumannii to imipenem(IMP)was measured by agar dilution method.Results At the concentration of 10mg/L,CCCP had obvi-ously effects on carbapenems MICs,the rate of resistance of imipenem decreased from 64.39% to 34.38%.In vitro CCCP enhanced the activities of imipenem.Efflux mechanism existed not only in IMP resistant strains,but also in IMP sensitive strains.But the affection of CCCP against IMP resistant strains was much stronger than that of IMP suscepti-ble strains.Conclusion Efflux pump may be one of the main mechanisms of Acinetobacter baumannii resistance to IMP,while efflux pump inhibitors may partly reduce the resistance.

Objective To explore the clinical significance of changes of serum.IL-6,IL-18 and C-reactive protein(CRP) in patients with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE).Methods Serum IL-6,IL-18 and CRP levels were measured by ELISA and immunity turbidimetry respectively in 100 patients with HIE and 100 health control.Results The HIE group serum IL-6,IL-18 and CRP levels were higher than the healthy control group,and Serum levels of IL-6,IL-18 and CRP increased when the clinical manifestation gradually increased.The CRP were positive correlation with serum levels of IL-6 and IL-18(r=0.663,0.725,all P<0.01).and the serum level of IL-6is positive correlation with IL-18(r=0.783,all P<0.01).Conclusion The serum IL-6,IL-18 and CRP may play an important role in the development process of HIE.Which were correlate to the severity of the disease and clinical change,measurements of their serum concentrations may help to predict these pathogenetic condition and prognosis criterion of the disease.

Objective To realize the bacterial contamination on uniforms of health care workers(HCWs)in a gen-eral hospital,and put forward the corresponding management measures.Methods In May-October 2012,a total of 360 specimens of 120 uniforms of HCWs in departments of respiratory internal medicine,general surgery,gynecolo-gy,and pediatrics were taken on the first,third and seventh day of wearing,bacterial counts on uniforms were mo-nitored,compared and analyzed.Results Bacterial counts of uniforms at different wearing time were statistically differ-ent.The longer time of uniforms were worn,the more bacteria could be detected.Bacterial contamination of nurses’uni-forms was more serious than doctors ([0.65±3.38]CFU/cm2 vs [7.68±2.99]CFU/cm2 ),contamination of uniforms of HCWs in surgical departments was more serious than non-surgical departments([10.43±4.12 ]CFU/cm2 vs [8.60± 3.01]CFU/cm2 )(U=5.06,2.78,respectively,both P<0.01),over standard rate of different sites of HCWs’uniforms were significantly different(χ2 =33.12,P<0.01));over standard rates of bacteria on the cuffs,abdomen and chest sites was 73.33%,58.33% and 36.67% respectively.Conclusion The management of cleaning system of HCWs’uniforms needs to be strengthened,the change cycle of uniforms is suggested twice a week,and the frequency needs to be increased in high contamination departments.

Cells, Cultured ; Endothelial Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Endothelium, Vascular ; cytology ; metabolism ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Humans ; Ouabain ; pharmacology ; Umbilical Veins ; cytology

Linoleic acid (C18∶2n-6) and ?-linolenic acid (C18∶3n-3) are found widely in fungi, plants and some lower animals. However, they can not be synthesized in mammals due to lack of △12 and ?-3 fatty acid desaturases. To enable endogenous production of essential fatty acids in mammalian cells, here the stable expression of a Caenorhabditis elegans gene FAT-2 encoding △12 fatty acid desaturase in CHO cells was reported. First, the FAT-2 coding sequence was cloned by RT-PCR. To facilitate high level synthesis of heterogeneous protein, the codon usage of the fatty acid desaturase genes was optimized according to the codon preference of mouse by site-directed mutagenesis, 2 synonymous mutations were introduced into FAT-2 gene by overlapping PCR. The codon-modified gene was finally fused to pBudCE4.1 vector (Invitrogen) under the control of CMV promoter. The expression vector pBudCE-FAT2 was linearized with NheⅠ, and then transfected CHO cells, the cells were under Zeocin selection for nine days and then propagated, then the transfected cells were harvested. The genome and total RNA were isolated for PCR and Norhern blot ananlysis. The results revealed that FAT-2 gene has been integrated into the genome of CHO cells and expressed properly. Fatty acids of total cellular lipids were analyzed by gas chromatography. The results indicate that the expression and function of △-12 fatty acid desaturase resulted in accumulation of linoleic acid. The levels of linoleic acid in transgenic cells were 2.4-fold higher than those in wild-type cells. The moderate linoleic acid in CHO cells was derived from cell culture media uptaken by cell membrane. The results demonstrate that a heterogenous desaturase gene can function well in mammalian cells and prove that transgenic approach is an efficient strategy for changing fatty acid composition of mammals.

Objective To establish the allele-specific real-time polymerase chain reaction (ASPCR) for detection of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia related gene SLCO1B1 A388G polymorphism and apply this assay to identify the clinical samples.Methods According to SLCO1B1 A388G polymorphism loci,specific primers were designed and the assay was established.Wide type plasmid and mutant plasmid were constructed.Fifty clinical samples were selected,including 30 samples of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia that had been diagnosed with SLCO1B1 A388G mutant and 20 samples of healthy newborns without SLCO1B1 A388G mutant were selected as the controls.Wide type plasmid,mutant plasmid and clinical samples were tested by specific and non-specific primers.A388G polymorphism was determined by difference in Ct (cycle threshold) between specific and non-specific primers.Then,the accuracy,sensitivity and specificity of assay were evaluated.Results The difference in Ct (cycle threshold) between specific and non-specific primers that amplified equivalent wide type template was 13.97 ±0.75.The assay could correctly distinguish the wide type and mutant plasmid.Probit regression analysis showed the sensitivity of the assay could reach to 5.28 copies/μL.For clinical samples,the Ct values of the samples with A388G mutation was less than 37.75 and showed positive results,while the samples without A388G mutation did not show any amplification nor Ct values were larger than 37.75,which showed negative results.Conclusions ASPCR is a fast,simple and effective method for SLCO1B1 A388G polymorphism detection of the clinical simples.It can be used for large sample screening for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia gene loci.

The number of people with physical disabilities is increasing year by year, and the trend of population aging is more and more serious. In order to improve the quality of the life, a control system of accessible home environment for the patients with serious disabilities was developed to control the home electrical devices with the voice of the patients. The control system includes a central control platform, a speech recognition module, a terminal operation module, etc. The system combines the speech recognition control technology and wireless information transmission technology with the embedded mobile computing technology, and interconnects the lamp, electronic locks, alarms, TV and other electrical devices in the home environment as a whole system through a wireless network node. The experimental results showed that speech recognition success rate was more than 84% in the home environment.
Computers ; Disabled Persons ; Humans ; Speech Recognition Software ; Wireless Technology

Spermicidal effect of Jieze No. 1 (JZ1) in combination with nonoxynol-9 (N-9) was examined in vitro. The minimum spermicidal concentration of JZ1 decoction, N-9 and their mixture solution in 20 s and 3 min were examined by improved spermicidal test of Sander-cramer in vitro. The percentages of progressively moving spermatozoa, moving spermatozoa and viable spermatozoa were also observed 20 s, 3 min and 30 min after the addition of the liquid medicine. Our results showed that sperms did not recover their activities in a revival test when the minimum spermicidal concentration of either JZ1 decoction, or N-9, or the mixed solution of the two agents, was used. N-9 (JZ1 in the mixed group) showed significant differences in the percentages of progressively moving spermatozoa, moving spermatozoa, and visible spermatozoa in 20 s, 3 min, and 30 min, when compared with N-9 alone (P < 0.01). We are led to conclude that JZ1 decoction can improve N-9 spermicidal action in vitro, and when used in combination with N-9, it has synergic effect.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal/*pharmacology ; Nonoxynol/*pharmacology ; Semen/drug effects ; Spermatocidal Agents/*pharmacology ; Spermatozoa/*drug effects

Objective T o analyse the m etabolic changes in urine of rats w ith brodifacoum intoxication, and to reveal the m olecular m echanism of brodifacoum-induced toxicity on rats. Methods B y establish-ing a brodifacoum poisoning rats m odel, the urine m etabolic profiling data of rats w ere acquired using high performance liquid chromatography-timeofflightmassspectrometry (HPLC-TOF-M S).The orthogo-nal partial least squares analysis-discrim ination analysis (O PLS-D A ) w as applied for the m ultivariate statistics and the discovery of differential m etabolites closely related to toxicity of brodifacoum . Results O PLS-D A score plot show ed that the urinary m etabolic at different tim e points before and after drug adm inistration had good sim ilarity w ithin tim e period and presented clustering phenom enon. C om paring the urine sam ples of rats before drug adm inistration w ith w hich after drug adm inistration, tw enty-tw o m etabolites related to brodifacoum-induced toxicity w ere selected. Conclusion T he toxic effect of brodi-facoum w orked by disturbing the m etabolic pathw ays in rats such as tricarboxylic cycle, glycolysis, sphin-golipid m etabolism and tryptophan m etabolism , and the toxicity of brodifacoum is characterized of accu-m ulation effect. The m etabonom ic m ethod based on urine H PLC-TO F-M S can provide a novel insight into the study on m olecular m echanism of brodifacoum-induced toxicity.

Objective To research the lymphatic tropism and lymph cell apoptosis of cisplatin-nano carbon suspension in rats with the aim of proposing a new way for chemotherapy.Methods A total of 72 Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups.For the experimental group,cisplatin-nano carbon suspension 0.3 ml (4 mg/ml) was injected subcutaneously into Wistar rats' plantar.For the control group,cisplatin 0.3 ml (4 mg/ml) was injected intravenously.Cisplatin concentration in the inguinal lymphatic tissue and plasma was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) at 1,2,3,4,5 and 6 hours after drug administration.The apoptosis of lymph cell was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end labeling assay (TUNEL).Targeting ability were evaluated and compared by targeting index (TI),selecting index (SI) and relative extraction efficiency (RE).SPSS 17.0 statistical software was used to analyze the differentiation of the cisplatin concentration and apoptosis index (AI) among various groups.DAS software was used to evaluate the lymphatic tropism.Results The cisplatin concentration of lymphatic tissue in experimental group were respectively (1.03±0.32),(3.00±0.91),(2.20±0.73),(1.56±0.38),(1.30±0.74) and (0.78±0.34) μg/g after administration 1,2,3,4,5 and 6 hours,while in control group were (0.49±0.21),(1.02±0.70),(0.59±0.50),(0.56±0.21),(0.47±O.18) and (0.36±0.13) μg/g,in which there were significant difference at every times (all P＜0.05) except at 1 hour (P=0.173).The cisplatin concentration in plasma were significant higher in the experimental group than those in the control group at various times (all P＜0.05),the former were respectively (0.57±0.28),(1.22±0.45),(0.61 ±0.18),(0.51 ±0.13),(0.45 ±0.13) and (0.40±0.07) μg/ml,while the latter were respectively (3.12± 0.33),(4.09± 0.48),(2.56 ± 0.38),(2.05 ± 0.13),(1.81 ± 0.28) and (1.44± 0.40) μg/ml.Values of TI were respectively 2.12,2.93,3.73,2.78,2.76 and 2.19 and SI were 1.80,2.45,3.63,3.07,2.86 and 1.93.Value of RE was 2.86.The AI in experimental group were respectively (16.5±5.2)％,(30.2±2.8)％,(51.7±4.3)％,(69.8±3.2)％,(80.1 ±4.3)％ and (89.7±8.5)％,while in control group were respectively(1.3±0.8)％,(2.4±1.7)％,(3.2±1.1)％,(3.9±2.6)％,(5.1±2.1)％ and (6.3±2.3)％,in which there were significant difference at every points (all P＜0.05).Conclusions The nano carbon has the character of lymphatic tropism,and could send cisplatin to lymphatic tissue to achieve a higher concentration.The trait may break a new way for chemotherapy targeting lymph metastasis.