Child, Preschool ; Facial Paralysis ; etiology ; Female ; Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease ; complications ; drug therapy ; Humans

The author thinks that the ethical problems of network society depend on its own character of network society the major ethical problems involved in the network society including:moral ideology,ethical relativism prevails again;on moral standard,traditional moral standard is been challenged greatly;on moral behaviour,all sorts of immoral standards appear at any time.These ethical problems also affect the medical morality and medical style.Therefore,this article puts forward the tactics to develop network morality education,plan systematical network behaviour standard,and build up new system of medical morality education。

When Zhang Zhongjing treated disturbance of water metabolism with methods of diaphoresis, diuresis and purging and eliminating accumulated water, he also paid attention to adjusting zang-fu viscera, qi, blood, yin and yang. The origin and the superficiality were treated at the same time, so it could mobilize the ingenerate recovering ability of human body. That sufficiently embodies the academic connotation that regulating the function among zang-fu viscera and normalizing the functional activities of qi is the base of eliminating water, regulating qi and the blood and eliminating blood stasis is the purpose of it and regulating yin and yang and reinforcing activity of the vital energy is the fundamentality of it.

Objective:Anesthesia,surgery and cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) are conventionally considered the major stress factors in the hormonal and metabolic responses to cardiac surgery.This study was to determine the influence of CPB on hormones,carbohydrate metabolism and insulin resistance.Methods:Blood samples were obtained from 19 patients at the following intervals:(1)before anesthesia(2)before CPB(3) 15 min after begining of CPB(4)5min after declamping of aorta(5)20min after CPB.Insulin,C-peptide,cortisol,growth hormone and blood glucose were measured.The ratio of insulin to glucose in blood(I/G) and insulin-sensitivity index [1/(I?G)] were obtained.Results:Insulin,growth hormone and cortisol were higher during and after CPB than that before CPB.Similar changes in levels of blood glucose,I/G and C-peptide were also observed,even though there was a significant decrease of insulin-sensitivity index.Conclusion:There are an obvious increase of concentrations in stress hormones and blood glucose and an aggravation of insulin resistance.All changes above do reflect the degree of surgical stress.The secretion of pancreatic beta cells is not suppressed during and after CPB.It is suggested that insulin supplement therapy may be beneficial to improve insulin resistance in the period of CPB.

Objective: This study is conducted to establish the norms of the width and length of the dental arch on normal occlusion in Chongqing teenagers and to analyze the characteristics in arch dimensions,in order to provide the reference for diagnosis in orthodontics.Methods: 92 cases of normal occlusion dental model in Chongqing teenagers(45 boys and 47 girls) were selected.The width and length of the dental arch were measured with a vernier.The measurements were analysed with statistic methods and compared with those of different groups.Results: The width and length of the dental arch in boys were larger than those in girls.The form of dental arch of both boys and girls was oval.Conclusion: There were distinguishing characteristics in arch dimensions on normal occlusion in Chongqing teenagers.Ethnic differences should be considered in orthodontics.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of periodontal therapy and local application of Kouling(gargle of composite of phenols in tea)on the subgingival bacteria and levels of endotoxin in gingival crevicular fluid of adult periodontitis.Methods:Seventy-eight adult periodontitis(156teeth)were divided into three groups randomly.The experimental group was treated with periodontal scaling and root planning,and meanwhile administered gargle of composite of phenols in tea.The negative control group was treated with periodontal scaling and root planning,and administered distilled water as placebo.And the positive control group was treated with periodontal scaling and root planning,and administered0.2%chlorhexidine. Levels of endotoxin in gingival crevicular fluid were measured and the subgingival bacteria were cultivated before and after therapy.Results:After therapy,levels of endotoxin in gingival crevicular fluid and numbers of bacteria all decreased remarkably in three groups(P

Objective:To determine the composition of the microbial flora present in teeth after the failure of root canal therapy,to provide bacteriological basis for curing infected root canals with sensitive drug. Methods:86 root-filled teeth with persistent periapical radiolucencies were selected for retreatment. After removal of the root-filling material,the canals were sampled with paper points. The samples were grown under aerobic and anaerobic conditions and the bacteria were analyzed. Meanwhile,25 teeth with chronic periapical periodontitis without endodontic treatment were selected. Samples were taken and cultivated. Results:Facultative anaerobes was the most prevalent species isolated from canals of root filled teeth. The microbial flora was mainly of 1 to 2 strains of predominantly gram-positive organisms. Enterococcus faecalis was the most commonly recovered bacterial species. Conclusion:Bacteria are high correlation with the teeth with failed endodontic treatment. The composition of the microbial flora in teeth with failed endodontic treatment has its own identity.

Objective To study the expression of Id mRNA in hematologic malignant tumor cells.Methods The total cellular RNA were extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cell(PBMC) of the patients with hematologic disorders and health adults as well as from four tumor cell lines(Daudi,Jurkat,K562,U937).The primers based on the reported sequences of Id1,Id2 and Id3 were synthesized.The mRNA expression levels of Id1-Id3 in PBMCs and tumor cells were detected by RT-PCR.Results The mRNA expression of Id1,Id2 and Id3 showed different levels in different cells.Id2 was widely expressed in both normal and malignant cells as well as many types of lymphocyte.The expression levels of Id1 and Id3 mRNA in tumor cells and PBMC from hematologic disorder patients were significantly higher than those in PBMC of healthy adults.Conclusion Different Id genes have different expression patterns in different cell types.It seems that Id1 and Id3 may play some important roles in the proliferation and differentiation of lymphocytes and in the development and growth of tumors.

Objective:To investigate the expression regulation of E-selectin and intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1) in the heading process of incised wounds of rat skin and its significance in forensic medicine. Methods: After establ ishment of model,a study on the expression of E-selectin and ICAM-1 in vital rats skin incised wounds at different times were performed by immunohistochemistry technique,and evaluated with image analysis technique and statistic system. Results:There was no expre -ssion of E-selectin in the skin of normal control group. Positive expression of E-selectin could be observed on epidermis cells surface around injury 1h after injury.The expression level of E-selectin reached its peak on day 1 and then started to decline,lasted till day 7.The ratios of E-selectin positive vascular endothelial cells changed regularly according to different time after wound.In the vital skin incisions,while positive stain of ICAM-1 stain was observed on vascular endothelium as early as 1h after incision and lasted till 3d.In addition,the expression of ICAM-1 was also found in the inflammatory cells and fibroblasts and on vascular endothelium surface around injury,the lasting period varied from group to group There were no positive expression of E-selectin and ICAM-1 in the postmortem incision group.Conclusion:E-selectin and ICAM-1 are considered potentially useful markers for timing of wound age determination in forensic practice.

Group B streptococcus(GBS)is one of the main pathogens of serious perinatal infectious diseases, associated with neonatal high morbidity and mortality.Recently,with maternal intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis poli-cies were implemented for the prevention of GBS infections and widespread use of antibiotics,the antibiotics resistance of GBS emerged and GBS resistant to some antibiotics severely.This review aimes to summarize the current status of an-tibiotics resistance and the resistance mechanism of GBS.