Objective To evaluate the role of the fractional dilatation and curettage (D&C) in the diagnosis of atypical hyperplasia of endometrium. Methods The retrospective analysis was performed in 48 patients diagnosed as atypical hyperplasia of endometrium and treated in our hospital from Aug.2009 to Dec.2010. We compared the pathology results of D&C with hysterectomy specimens, and investigated the reasons for the difference. Results The six patients (12.5%) with mild atypical hyperplasia of endometrium still presented with significant pathological changes after D&C (χ2 = 5.90, P＜0.05), 11 cases (22.9%) in 14 patients(29.2%) with moderate atypical hyperplasia (χ2=0.49, P＞0.01), 18 cases (100%) in patents with serious atypical hyperplasia, among which even 8 patients (44.4%) were verified as endometrial cancer. Conclusions There exists pathological discrepancy between the fractional D&C and hysterectomy specimens. Patients with severer atypical hyperplasia may have a higher risk of developing endometrial cancer.

Objective:To analyze the utilization of proton pump inhibitors ( PPIs) in a three-A hospital to promote the rational use. Methods:The sales records of PPIs used for outpatients and inpatients were retrieved from the hospital database from 2010 to 2015, and the consumption sum, DDDs and DDC were analyzed statistically. Results:The consumption sum and DDDs of PPIs in the hospital were increasing, and the compound annual growth rate ( CAGR) of consumption sum was 13. 84%. The proportion of con-sumption sum and DDDs for PPIs injections respectively was 82. 2% and 29. 6% in the six years. The proportion of consumption sum and DDDs of oral PPIs respectively was 17. 8% and 70. 3% in the six years. The top three drugs in the list of consumption sum were pantoprazole, lansoprazole and esomeprazole. Conclusion: The application amounts of pantoprazole sodium for injection and lanso-prazole sodium for injection are relatively large, and the overuse of PPIs for injection can not be excluded.

Episodic tension-type headache is the most common headache in the general population and is usually self managed.Chronic tension-type headache may be highly disabling and often prompts medical consultation.Diagnosis is clinical,based on widely accepted and validated criteria and algorithm.Peripheral factors are implicated in episodic tension-type headache,whereas central factors probably underlie chronic tension-type headache.Simple analgesics,such as aspirin,are used for acute treatment.Amitriptyline and biofeedback assisted relaxation training have the best evidence of effectiveness for headache prevention.

Animals ; Dementia, Vascular ; blood ; psychology ; Erythrocyte Count ; Learning ; drug effects ; Male ; Memory ; drug effects ; Peptides ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective: To investigate the histopathologic features of rim enhancement MRI of breast infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDC). Methods: Routine and dynamic contrast enhanced MRI was used to examine 65 patients with breast lumps. Thirty of the 65 patients who were pathologically confirmed to have breast IDC were included in the present study. The manifestations of dynamic contrast enhanced MRI and the histopathologic parameters of the masses (the size of cancer nest, stroma type, microvessel density and degree of fibrosis) were observed. And the relationship of MR findings with the above-mentioned histopathologic features was analyzed. Results: Peripheral rim enhancement was obvious in IDC and a type-III (washout) time/signal intensity course was the dominant type (17/30,56.7%). The average enhancement rate during the first post-contrast minute(ΔSI1 %) was higher than 75% in IDC. The 30 IDCs fell into small (13,43%), medium(12,40%), and large (5,17%) groups according to the size of cancer nest; and into delicate(5,17%), narrow(16,53%), and broad(9,30%) groups according to the cancer stroma type. Early rim enhancement was associated with a small cancer nest (P<0.05), a high ratio of peripheral-to-central microvessel density, and a low ratio of peripheral-to-central fibrosis (P<0.01). Delayed rim enhancement was significantly associated with narrow stroma (P<0.05). Conclusion: Rim enhancement and washout sign on contrast-enhanced MR imaging of the breast IDC are associated not only with angiogenesis, but also with various histological features of the cancinoma, including the size of cancer nests, width of stroma, and degree of fibrosis.

Keratoconus is a progressive, non - inflammatory corneal thinning disorder that produces a unique spectrum of change in the surface curvature of the cornea. The suspected factors associated with the cause of keratoconus include genetic mechanisms, familial associations, allergy, atopy and so on, but environmental factors, such as abnormal rubbing, contact lens wearing and ultraviolet radiation may be easily ignored. Although it is commonly thought that keratoconus is a result of various pathological progress mediated by multiple factors, those chronic trauma could play important roles in the pathological progress. The classic definition of keratoconus is still referred as a non - inflammation disorder with malnutrition of keratectasia, more and more clinical evidences and experimental results that may refute this concept. It may be due to the long-term persistent chronic trauma resulted from eye rubbing, contact lens or ultraviolet radiation. Under this conditions, the increased release of inflammatory mediators and matrix metalloproteinases may accelerate keratocyte apoposis and enzyme metabolism disorders, with the result of matrix cell lost, tensile strength decreased and keratectasia. Here, for some papers known about the relationship between chronic cornea trauma and keratoconus were reviewed and discussed its possible causal relationship.

Objective To investigate the effects of escin sodium on proliferation of human leukemia Jurkat cells and its possible mechanism. Methods The reduction of cellular viability was determined by MTT assay. Hoechst 33258 staining, DNA fragmentation assay, FITC-Annexin V-FITC/PI staining assay, and cytometric analysis were used to confirm the features of apoptosis and cell cycle. Western blotting assays were performed to explore the apoptotic pathway. Results Escin sodium inhibited the proliferation of Jurkat cells in both dose- and time-dependent manners. The morphological apoptosis, DNA fragmentation pattern, and the percentage of Annexin V+/PI- (early apoptosis) cells were markedly increased in escin sodium-treated Jurkat cells. Escin sodium activated Caspase-8, Caspase-9, and Caspase-3, degraded poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), and attenuated Bcl-2 expression. Conclusion Escin sodium could inhibit the proliferation of Jurkat cells via the induction of apoptosis effectively.

Nowadays, various voice disorders are sprung out towards teachers of primary and secondary school, affecting their personal life and social work. Through literature review, the author aims at clearing up series of assessments and methods of voice training which are suitable for the teachers of primary and secondary school, such as establishing a right way of respiratory, phonation and resonance, avoiding occupational risk factors such as vocal abuse or misuse to regain healthy voice. Review of the several relevant literature and commentary about voice disorders of the teachers in primary and secondary school. Although various methods of voice training were reported from time to time to guide us SLP to carry out voice therapy, however, deviations of the clinical data from scholars' different points of view are waiting for our further support through case-control study.
Faculty ; Humans ; Schools ; Voice Disorders ; diagnosis ; rehabilitation

To explore how to assess objectively the effect of swallowing treatment by a case study of one female patient with nasopharynx cancer after radiotherapy; the swallowing treatment include: dilatation of cricopharyngeal muscle (total 44 times), larynx raising method, tongue base exercises and acupuncture [main aperture:Jin-jin, Yuye(EX-HN12), Lianquan(CV23), Fengchi(GB20), Yamen(GV15), Baihui(GV20)], mainly using the videofluoroscopy to testify curative effect; the results demonstrated the duration of swallowing thick barium (270% w/v) including oral transit time plus pharyngeal transit time shortened 14.3%, distance of larynx raising increased 36.7%, oral and pharyngeal residue reduced 10% compared with that before treatment, all these data totally explained the swallowing function improved a little, but not significantly. The research testify the measuring parameter with videofluoroscopy can be used to assess the swallowing function and curative effect objectively.
Aged ; Deglutition Disorders ; etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; radiotherapy ; Radiation Injuries

The morbidity and mortality of gastrointestinal malignancies are the highest in the world. For patients with poor response to conventional chemotherapy, new treatment methods are urgently needed. In recent years, under the background of precision medicine, antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) with high tumor specificity and potent toxicity have become a hot research spot in the field of biomedicine. However, due to the complex structure and mechanism of ADCs, its pharmacokinetic research is facing great challenges which are the biggest resistance to the development of ADCs at present. In this case, it is of great significance to understand the pharmacokinetic properties of ADCs and make use of it to improve the efficacy of ADCs in the treatment of gastrointestinal malignancies. Based on the basic composition and mechanism of ADCs, this review summarizes the pharmacokinetic properties of ADCs, discusses its recent advances in the treatment of gastrointestinal malignancies, in order to provide more references for follow-up research on ADCs.