OBJECTIVE: To probe into the characteristics and regularity of the adverse drug reaction(ADR) occurred in our hospital.METHODS: 221 ADR cases collected in our hospital from Jan.2007 to Dec.2008 were analyzed statistically in respect of patients' age and sex,route of administration,drug categories,organs and systems involved in ADR and the clinical manifestations etc.RESULTS: 14 major drug categories were involved in the 221 ADR cases,with antiinfective drugs showing the highest proportion in terms of incidence of ADR,followed by traditional patent drugs and drugs for cardiovascular system.The ADR occurred chiefly via intravenous route.CONCLUSION: Great importance should be attached to ADR monitoring.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the safety and effects of different doses of budesonide combined with ipratropium bro-mide on rational symptom,lung function and arterial blood gas indexes of patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (AECOPD). METHODS:186 AECOPD inpatients were selected and randomly divided into low-dose,medi-um-dose and high-dose groups,with 61 cases in each group. All groups received routine treatment as ipratropium bromide 500 μg+0.9%Sodium chloride injection(NS)2 ml,oral inhalation with oxygen drive atomization nebulizer,oxygen flow rate of 4-5 L/min, 15-20 min/time,tid. Low-dose,medium-dose and high-dose group were additionally given Budesonide suspension 0.5,1.0,2.0 mg+NS 2 ml respectively,oral inhalation with oxygen drive atomization nebulizer,oxygen flow rate of 4-5 L/min 20 min/time,bid. Pa-tients in 3 groups were treated for 7 days. Pulmonary function,MRC score,arterial blood gas indexes and ADR were compared among 3 groups before treatment,3 and 7 days after treatment. RESULTS:FEV1% of 3 groups were significantly improved after treatment;3 and 7 days after treatment,FEV1% of high-dose group was higher than that of medium-dose and higher than that of low-dose group,with statistical significance(P<0.05). The MRC scales of 3 groups were significantly decreased after treatment;3 days after treatment,MRC scale of high-dose group was lower than those of medium-dose and lower than that of low-dose group,with statistical significance(P<0.05). 7 days after treatment,MRC scales of medium-dose and low-dose groups were low-er than that of low-dose group,with statistical significance (P<0.05),but there was no statistical significance in MRC scale be-tween high-dose group and medium-dose group after treatment 7 days(P>0.05). After treatment,there was statistical significance in PaCO2 and PaO2 among 3 groups (P<0.05),and the improvement of high-dose group was better than those of medium-dose and better than that of low-dose group,with statistical significance(P<0.05). No severe ADR was found in 3 groups. CONCLU-SIONS:Aerosol inhalation of 2.0 mg budesonide combined with ipratropium bromide can effectively improve pulmonary function, rational symptoms and arterial blood gas indexes with good safety.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects and safety of 2 kinds of glucocorticoid administration regimens including 5 d and 15 d on clinical efficacy,pulmonary function,quality of life in elderly patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(AECOPD). METHODS:A total of 160 elderly patients with AECOPD selected from Haikou Forth People's Hos-pital during May 2013-Dec. 2015 were divided into group A and B according to lottery method,with 80 cases in each group. Both groups received symptomatic treatment as eliminating phlegm and relieving asthma,controlling infection,etc. Based on it,group A was given Methylprednisolone sodium succinate for injection,40 mg/d for 15 d;group B was given Methylprednisolone sodium succinate for injection,40 mg/d for 5 d. Clinical efficacies were compared between 2 groups as well as the levels of pulmonary ven-tilation function indexes,blood gas analysis indexes,Spitzer life quality index scale (QLI) scores before and after treatment. The occurrence of ADR was also compared between 2 groups. RESULTS:Total response rate of group A was 92.50%,and that of group B was 90.00%,without statistical significance(P>0.05). Before treatment,there was no statistical significance in the levels of pulmonary ventilation function indexes,blood gas analysis indexes,QLI scores between 2 groups (P>0.05). After treatment, FVC,FEV1,FEV1% and PaO2 of 2 groups were significantly higher than before treatment,while PaCO2 was significantly lower than before treatment,with statistical significance (P<0.05);there was no statistical significance between 2 groups (P>0.05). QLI scores of 2 groups were significantly higher than before treatment,and the group B was significantly higher than the group A, with statistical significance (P<0.05). The incidence of ADR in group B (6.25%) was significantly lower than group A (22.50%),with statistical significance(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Glucocorticoid administration regimen including 5 d and 15 d in the treatment of elderly patients with AECOPD possess the same effects in improving lung function;glucocorticoid administra-tion regimen for 5 d application is superior in effectively improving the quality of life of patients,reducing the risk of ADR,and has clinical value.

Objective To investigate the etiological factors and measures for prevention and treatment of iatrogenic ureteral and bladder injury during obstetric and gynecologic operations.Methods Iatrogenic ureteral and bladder injury happened in 31 patients,who underwent traditional gynecologic operation from June 1996 to May 2006 at the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College.The etiological factors and treatment for iatrogenic ureteral and bladder injury were analyzed retrospectively.Results The median age of the patients was 44 years(ranged from 27 to 61years).2 cases of iatrogenic ureteral injury and 3 cases of iatrogenic bladder injury occurred in hysterectomy.3 cases of iatrogenic ureteral injury and 2 cases of iatrogenic bladder injure occurred in subtotal hysterectomy for precancerous lesion.5 cases of iatrogenic ureteral injury and 7 cases of iatrogenic bladder injury occurred in radical hysterectomy.One case of iatrogenic ureteral injury and 8 cases of iatrogenic bladder injury occurred in cesarean section.Intraoperative ureteral injury in 7 patients was repaired by end-to-end anastomosis,and intraoperative bladder injury in 15 patients were repaired during operation.In 4 patients the ureteral injury was found after operation,including 2 cases of ureterovaginal fistula,and the injury was repaired after resection of fistulas.Bladder injury was found in 5 cases after operation,and the injuries were repaired by closure of fistulas of bladder 3 months later.All cases recovered with no relapse during the follow-up period of 5 months to 10 years.Conclusions Iatrogenic injury occurs during gynecological surgery should be prevented first.Early discovery and effective treatments can achieve good therapeutic effects.

Objective: To analyze the status quo of assanation and ethics courses and their social requirement, thus to explore a scientific mode for the course setting; Method: The course setting status quo of assanation and ethics is analyzed among 18 colleges in which the nursing speciality is set up. A questionnaire was also conducted to investigate students' inclination towards politics-sorted courses, and relevant data were analyzed. Results: The establishing rate of assanation courses in the higher professional colleges is higher than that in the comprehensive universities. The most favorable subjects among freshmen are the Chinese national political theories, and assanation & ethics, while the counterparts among seniors are assanation & ethics, law basis, and philosophy. Seniors have an obvious higher desire for the course of assanation & ethics compared with freshmen (P

China ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Registries

Objective To evaluate surgical complications and outcomes based on prostate size in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) treated with plasmakinetic enucleation of prostate (PKEP).Methods A retrospective review was conducted of PKEP performed in 326 patients with BPH.According to the prostate size on preoperative transrectal ultrasonography measurement,patients were divided into three groups:groupl:＜40ml (n =92),group2:40～80ml (n =155),and group3:＞80ml (n =79).Intraoperative and perioperative parameters were evaluated.Patient perioperative data and postoperative outcomes were compared.Patients were followed up at 1,3,6 and 12 months after surgery.Early and late complications were recorded.Results There were significant differences among three groups regarding the mean operative time (P ＜ 0.01) and the mean resected tissue weight (P ＜ 0.01).However,enucleation efficiency (P ＜ 0.01) in gm tissue per minute increased significantly as prostate size increased.Mean hemoglobin decrease (P ＞0.05),mean serum sodium decrease (P ＞0.05),mean postoperative irrigation time (P ＞ 0.05),mean catheter time (P ＞ 0.05) and mean hospital stay (P ＞0.05) did not differ significantly among three groups.Three groups had a similar and significant postoperative improvement in international prostate symptom score (IPSS),quality of life (QOL),maximum urine rate (Qmax),and post-void residual urine volume(PVR) independent of prostate size (P ＜ 0.01),but no significant difference was found among three groups during 1,3,6 and 12-month follow-up (P ＞ 0.05).Perioperative and postoperative complications did not depend on prostate size (P ＞ 0.05).Conchsions Although patients with a larger BPH required significantly longer operation time in PKEP,prostate size did not affect perioperative and postoperative complications or micturition improvement.

The purpose of this study was to develop a robotic system for image-guided percutaneous interventions using ultrasound (US) or computed tomography (CT) for needle biopsy, ablation, cryotherapy, and other needle procedures. The conventional operation of puncture was analyzed firstly, and a compact robot was then designed for manipulating a needle or other slender surgical instrument in the confined space. Its distinctive characteristic is the decoupled motion capability correlated to the positioning and orientation steps of the percutaneous intervention. This approach allowed each step of the intervention to be performed using a separate mechanism of the robot. One major advantage of this kinematic approach was patient safety.

Objective To abserve the acute toxicity in mice administered with Wuweizi Ningshen oral liquid.Methods The maximum administration dosage(MAD)of Wuweizi Ningshen oral liquid were determined by administration intragastricly in mice.Wuweizi Ningshen oral liquid was administered for 2 weeks,and the growth condition,body weight growth and index of main viscera were measured.Results The index of growth condition,body weight growth and index of main viscera were in normal ranges.Conclusion It could be concluded that Wuweizi Ningshen oral liquid is safe to be administered in the dose prescribed.

OBJECTIVETo compare the efficacy differences on delayed encephalopathy after carbon monoxide poisoning (DEACMP) between acupuncture to restore consciousness combined with hyperbaric oxygen treatment and simple hyperbaric oxygen treatment.

METHODSForty-one patients with DEACMP were randomly divided into an observation group (21 cases) and a control group (20 cases). In the observation group, acupuncture was applied at Neiguan (PC 6), Shuigou (GV 26), Baihui (GV 20), Sishencong (EX-HN 1), Fengchi (GB 20), Hegu (LI 4), Sanyinjiao (SP 6) and Taichong (LR 3), and hyperbaric oxygen treatment was given as well. In the control group, simple hyperbaric oxygen treatment was used. The treatment was adopted once every day, and continuous 5 days' treatment made one session in the two groups. There were two days at the interval between two sessions and 6 sessions in the two groups. The changes of scores of mini mental state examination (MMSE) and Barthel index (BI) for activity of daily life and routine electroencephalogram (EEG) before and after treatment were compared.

RESULTSAfter treatment, the scores of MMSE and BI and EEG were all improved compared with those before treatment (all P<0.01). The raise of the scores of MMSE and BI in the observation group was more obvious than that in the control group (both P<0.05) and the improvement of EEG abnormal condition in the observation group was also superior to that in the control group after treatment (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONAcupuncture to restore consciousness combined with hyperbaric oxygen could obviously improve the cognitive function, activity of daily life and changes of EEG, and it is better than simple hyperbaric oxygen treatment.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Brain Diseases ; etiology ; psychology ; therapy ; Carbon Monoxide Poisoning ; complications ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Consciousness ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperbaric Oxygenation ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult