Adult ; Dimethylformamide ; adverse effects ; Glutathione ; blood ; Humans ; Male ; Methanol ; adverse effects ; Nitric Oxide ; blood ; Occupational Exposure ; Oxygen ; metabolism ; Superoxide Dismutase ; blood ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Toluene ; adverse effects

Cervical Vertebrae ; Dura Mater ; Epidural Space ; Humans ; Spinal Cord Neoplasms ; surgery

Objective] To discuss the diagnosis and treatment of infertility according to the related comments in. [Method] Analyzing the infertility related scripture in and carefully reading the related annotations to analyze and elaborate the etiology and therapeutic principles of infertility. [Result]suggested that the uterus, Jing from parents, Du Yang, Yin and Yang of kidney were essential to fertility. Deficiency of kidney and insufficient Du were main etiologies of infertility. < Huangdi Neijing > recommended that tonifying kidney and warming Du as treatments for infertility. [Conclusion]The theory about the etiology and therapeutic principles of infertility has taken shape in.is a cornerstone in the development of the etiology and therapeutic principles of infertility.

Objective To investigate the effect of pioglitazone on the activation of pancreatic apoptosis in the pathogenesis of rats with acute necrotizing pancreatitis.Methods Eighty Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into four groups,including acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP),sham operation (SO),solvent control (Solvent),pioglitazone intervention (pioglitazone) group,with 20 rats in each group.ANP model was induced by retrograde injection of 4％ sodium taurocholate (1ml/kg body weight) into the biliary-pancreatic duct.The rats in pioglitazone group were injected pioglitazone (40 mg/kg body weight) into the ANP abdominalcavity 30 min before mldel induction.The rats were sacrificed at 1 h,3 h,6 h,and 12 h after ANP model induction.The pancreatic tissues were harvested.Routine HE staining was used to evaluate pancreatic pathological damage.The apoptosis was determined by TUNEL method.The expression of PPARγ was determined by using immunohistochemistry and Western-blot methods.The activity of caspase3 in pancreatic tissues was detected by using spectrophotometry.Results The pancreatic pathological damage was attenuated in rats in pioglitazone group compared with that in rats of ANP group,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).The PPARγ expression of pioglitazone group was 1.34 ± 0.09,which was significantly higher than that in ANP group (0.75 ± 0.05),and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).The apoptotic index in pioglitazone group at 3 h was 8.35 ± 0.95,which was significantly higher than that in ANP group at 3 h (4.37 ± 1.22) ; the caspase3 activity was 9.24 ± 1.78,which was significantly higher than that in ANP group (5.04 ± 0.86),and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P ＜0.05).Conclusions Pioglitazone intervention attenuates pancreatic inflammation,increases PPARγ expression and caspase3 activity and induces apoptosis in pancreas of rats with acute necrotizing pancreatitis.

Objective To investigate the effects of pioglitazone pre-treating on pancreatic acinar cell (AR42J cells) apoptosis induced by caerulein.Methods AR42J cells were divided into blank control group (with normal culture),pioglitazone group (40 μmol/L),caerulein control group (1 × 10-8 mol/L),pioglitazone+ caerulein group (40 μmol/L pioglitazone + 1 × 10-8 mol/L caerulein) and pioglitazone + GW9662+caerulein group (40 μmol/L pioglitazone+ 5 μmol/L GW9662 + 1 × 10-8 mol/L caerulein).Pioglitazone and GW9662 were added 30 minutes earlier than caerulein.Cell proliferation rate of each group was determined by MTT assay at three,six,12 and 24 hour.The cell apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometry with Annexin Ⅴ/PI staining and terminal dexynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate (dUTP) nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining.The activity of Caspase 3,8 and 9 of each group was measured.Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was detected by flow cytometry with JC-1 staining.Single factor analysis of variance and LSD test were performed for data analysis.Results At six,12 and 24 hour,the cell proliferation rate of pioglitazone group and pioglitazone + caerulein group was 0.19±0.02,0.22±0.02,0.36±0.02 and 0.20±0.04,0.23±0.02,0.38±0.02,respectively,which were significantly lower than those of blank control group (0.25 ±0.04,0.28 ± 0.03 and 0.46±0.02) and caerulein group (0.23±0.02,0.29±0.01 and 0.46±0.05,t lgroup=-3.16,-4.61 and-6.25,tcaerulein group =-1.58,-4.61 and-6.15,all P＜0.05).And the cell proliferation rates of pioglitazone+GW9662+caerulein group at six,12 and 24 hour (0.23±0.02,0.27±0.02 and 0.45±0.01) were significantly higher than those of pioglitazone+caerulein group (t=2.25、3.87、4.56,all P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in cell apoptosis rate detected by flow cytometry with Annexin Ⅴ/PI staining between pioglitazone group ((11.80 ± 0.47) ％,(9.62 ± 2.63) ％ and (14.92 ± 2.52) ％) and pioglitazone+caerulein group ((8.78±0.47)％,(11.89±2.80)％ and (14.25±2.67)％,all P＞0.05),but cell apoptosis of these two groups were higher than those of control group ((5.52± 0.64)％,(5.30±0.97)％ and (5.47±0.88)％) and caerulein group ((5.98±1.21)％,(7.47± 0.58) ％ and (8.11 ± 1.32) ％) respectively,and the differences were statistically significant (t l group =9.81,4.45 and 10.74,tcaerulein group =4.38,7.62 and 6.98,all P ＜0.05).There was no significant difference in apoptosis rate between pioglitazone+GW9662+caerulein group ((5.82±0.26) ％,(6.05± 0.83) ％ and (9.23±0.90)％) and caerulein group; while significantly higher when compared with those of pioglitazone+ caerulein group (t=-4.63,-10.07 and-5.70,all P＜0.05).At 12 hour,the apoptosis rate detected by TUNEL staining of pioglitazone group ((3.93 ± 0.40)％) was significantly higher than that of control group ((2.73 ±0.68) ％),the apoptosis rate of pioglitazone+ caerulein group ((8.43 ± 1.65)％) was significantly higher than that of caerulein group ((2.80 ± 0.56)％),the apoptosis rate of pioglitazone+GW9662+caerulein group ((3.87±0.35)％) was lower than that of pioglitazone+ caerulein group (t=7.93,8.92,-5.35,all P＜0.05).At 24 hour,the activity of Caspase 3,8 and 9 of pioglitazone+ caerulein group (1.28 ± 0.05,1.38 ± 0.04 and 1.53 ± 0.09) significantly increased compared with those of caerulein group (1.12±0.88,1.22±0.02 and 0.53±0.07,t=3.20,8.62 and 1.29,all P＜0.05).After treated with GW9662,part of activity of Caspase enzymes recovered.The number of cells with potential change of mitochondrial membrane in pioglitazone group and pioglitazone + caerulein group was more than that of caerulein group (28.50±0.91)％ and (28.20±2.56)％ vs (15.00±3.67)％) and part of membrane potential recovered after GW9662 added ((20.67 ± 2.20) ％).Conclusions Pioglitazone might promote AR42J cell apoptosis through the activation of caspases enzymes and changing membrane potential.And the antagonist GW9662 would partially inhibit the apoptosis induced by pioglitazone.

Pseudorabies is an important infectious disease for many kinds of livestock and wild animals, and causes important economics losses for pig industry. Many kinds of vaccines including attenuated live viruses or inactivated are widely used for vaccination of pigs and other animals. In the present review, research advances on pseudorabies new-type vaccines such as subunit vaccine, DNA vaccine, recombination vaccine, deletion-mutant vaccine is presented and point out the further development of the vaccine.

The design and efficacy of surgery for horizontal idiopathic nystagmus (HIN) with abnormal head posture and strabismus were investigated. Different surgical procedures were selected according to the angle of head turn in 44 cases of HIN with abnormal head posture and strabismus. For patients with a head turn of 15° or less, the Anderson procedure was used; the yoke muscles were recessed upon slow-phase. For patients with a head turn between 15° and 25°, the surgery was designed as a Kestenbaum 5-4-4-5 procedure. For patients with a head turn of 25° or more, the surgery was designed as a Parks 5-8-6-7 procedure. The surgery to correct the abnormal head posture was performed on the fixating eye while that to correct the deviation was then performed on the non-fixating eye at the same time. The amount of surgery of the horizontal rectus muscles on the non-fixating eye was sum of the angle of head turn and the degree of deviation, which was calculated as follows: recession/resection amount of medial and lateral rectis/2×5=angle of head turn±degree of deviation. The results showed as follows: (1) Visual acuity: the visual acuity in the primary ocular position increased two lines or more in 35 patients, accounting for 79.55%. Nine patients had no or only one-line improvement, accounting for 20.45% of the entire study population; (2) The degree of deviation in the primary ocular position: 37 cases had a normal primary ocular position or the degree of deviation ≤8(δ) after surgery, accounting for 84.09%. Six patients had a residual degree of deviation of 8(δ)-15(δ), accounting for 13.64%. One patient had a residual degree of deviation >20(δ), accounting for 2.27% of the patients examined; (3) Abnormal head posture: 34 patients had a normal head posture or a head turn of less than 5°, accounting for 72.27%. Eight patients had a residual head turn of 5°-15°, accounting for 18.18%. Two patients had a head turn of 15°-25°, accounting for 4.55%. It was concluded that different surgical procedures based on the angle of head turn and the relationship between deviation and null zone can eliminate anomalous head posture, correct deviation, and improve vision acuity in the primary ocular position.

OBJECTIVEThis study aimed to explore the effect of the up-regulation of Notch1 on osteoclastogenesis induced to osteoclasts by receptor activator for nuclear factor-kappaB ligand (RANKL) and macrophage colony-stimulating factors (MCSF) in vitro.

METHODSThe bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) of Rosa(-notch1) mice were cultured and induced to osteoclasts by RANKL and MCSF. The BMSCs were transfected with the Ad-Cre-green fluorescent protein (GFP) virus or Ad-GFP virus. Total RNA from cells was extracted, and the gene expression levels of Notch1, Notch2, Notch3, Notch4, Deltal, Delta3, Delta4, Jagged1, Hes1, and tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) were detected at the defined stage by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Osteoclast formation was analyzed by TRAP assay.

RESULTSThe number of TRAP-positive multinuclear cells of the experimental group significantly decreased compared with that of the control group. The mRNA expression levels of Notch1, Notch3, Jagged1, Delta3, and Hesl of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group, whereas the TRAP mRNA expression of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONUp-regulation of Notch1 inhibit osteoclastogenesis of BMSCs induced by RANKL and MCSF in vitro.

Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Line ; In Vitro Techniques ; Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor ; Mice ; Osteoclasts ; RANK Ligand ; Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B ; Receptor, Notch1 ; metabolism ; Receptor, Notch2 ; Up-Regulation ; physiology

Objective To investigate the efficacy of postoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy for early-stage cervical adenosquamous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma.Methods A total of 62 patients with cervical adenosquamous carcinoma,149 patients with cervical adenocarcinoma,and 2687 patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma,all of whom were in stage Ⅰ B-Ⅱ A and were treated from 2006 to 2012,were enrolled,and some of them received postoperative pelvic radiotherapy ± para-aortic extended field radiation ±afterloading radiotherapy.The chemotherapy regimen consisting of DDP,TP,and FP was given to these patients.The chi-square test was used for comparison of general clinical data,the Kaplan-Meier method was used for calculating survival rates,and the log-rank test was used for survival difference analysis.Results Cervical adenosquamous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma had no significant differences in clinicopathological features (P=0.107-0.639).The high-risk patients with adenocarcinoma had a higher recurrence rate than their low-risk counterparts even after adjuvant radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy (P=0.000).In the patients treated with surgery and radiotherapy,those with adenosquamous carcinoma had the shortest median survival time,followed by those with adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma (P =0.134,0.787);in the patients treated with surgery and concurrent chemoradiotherapy,those with adenocarcinoma had the shortest median survival time,followed by those with adenosquamous carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma (P=0.131,0.643),and the median survival time showed a significant difference between the patients with adenocarcinoma and those with squamous cell carcinoma (P =0.000).In the patients with adenosquamous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma,the patients treated with postoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy had higher incidence rates of short-term adverse reactions than those treated with postoperative radiotherapy (P=0.037,0.003),but the incidence rates of long-term adverse reactions showed no difference between the two groups of patients (P=0.861,0.655).In the patients with adenosquamous carcinoma,the patients treated with postoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy had a lower rate of distant metastasis (P =0.003) and prolonged median overall survival and disease-free survival (both increased by 17 months) (P=0.811,0.799),as compared with those treated with postoperative radiotherapy,while in the patients with adenocarcinoma,the median overall survival and disease-free survival were reduced by 11 and 9 months,respectively (P=0.330,0.115).Conclusions Compared with postoperative radiotherapy,postoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy for early-stage high-risk cervical adenosquamous carcinoma can reduce the rate of distance metastasis.Compared with radiotherapy,postoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy for adenosquamous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma cannot improve survival time.

BACKGROUND:Neural stem cel transplantation provides an important way to treat sequela of traumatic brain injury, but the timing for treatment is inconclusive.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the clinical effect of neural stem cel transplantation in the treatment of sequela of traumatic brain injury and the choice of the best treatment time.
METHODS: Totaly 178 patients with sequela of traumatic brain injury who underwent neural stem cel transplantation were divided into three groups as per the timing for neural stem cel transplantation: group A (with 6 months after injury,n=60), group B (6-12 months after injury,n=59), and group C (over 12 months after injury,n=59). Improvement in clinical symptoms and scores on function independent measure (FIM) were recorded and compared in the three groups.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The total effective rate of group A was significantly higher than that in groups B and C (P < 0.05). FIM scores were significantly improved in the three groups after cel transplantation (P < 0.05). At 3 months after the fourth transplantation, the FIM score in the group A was significantly higher than that in the other two groups, and the incidence of adverse reactions in the group A was significantly lower than that in the other two groups (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that neural stem cel transplantation at different timing can al harvest certain clinical effects, but the best timing for neural stem cel transplantation is within 6 months after injury.