Fibronectin in normal human breast tissue and in breast tumors were stu-died by immuno-gold silver staining method.In normal mammary tissue,fibronectin was present in basement membrane and stroma but absent in epi-thelial cells.Changed distribution pattern was observed in benign tumorsand malignant tumors,there was an appearance of fibronectin in epithelialcells of acini and ductules and decreased in stroma.The differences wasthat fibronectin decreased in basement membrane in benign tumors and dis-appeared in that of malignant tumors which reflect to some extent the inva-sive nature of tumors.

Natural orifice translumenal endoscopic surgery(NOTES)is a surgical technique which is performed with an endoscope passed through a natural orifice,and then through an internal incision in the viscera(stomach,vagina or rectum)to perform intraabdominal operations.Since the first successful transgastric appendectomy performed by Dr.Rao and Reddy in 2004,NOTES is developing rapidly.The advantages of NOTES include no injury and scar in the body surface;lower anesthesia requirements;faster recovery and shorter hospital stays;avoidance of transabdominal wound infections.NOTES can also be applied to patients who are not suitable for open surgery and lapascopic surgery.NOTES has the potential to revolutionize the field of minimally invasive surgery by eliminating abdominal incisions,however,the safety and efficacy of NOTES still needs to be investigated in lhe future.

Catheter Ablation ; Humans ; Thyroid Nodule ; surgery

China ; Humans ; Root Canal Therapy

ObjectiveTo investigate the application and effect of problem-based learning ( Problem-based learning,PBL ) pedagogy in theoretical teaching of pediatric nursing.MethodsThe two nursing classes in the same grade were selected respectively as a control group of 62 people and research group of 62 people.Traditional pedagogy was taken in control group to give lessons for theory pediatric nursing,while PBL pedagogy was taken in research group to give lessons ftr theory pediatric nursing.At the end of the semester,students' scores in theory exam,practice exam and case care were analyzed by using t tests.ResultsThe results of the two groups of students were compared,with t value 4.96 of the theoretical results,t value 5.312 of the experimental results,t value 8.06 of the case study,and P ＜0.05 in three items,suggesting statistically significant difference.ConclusionsPBL pedagogy can raise nursing students' learning interest in the theory of pediatric nursing,and improve teaching effect on theory of pediatric nursing.

Biofilms ; Dental Caries ; microbiology ; Humans ; Proteome ; metabolism

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a common hematopoietic malignancy. The initial complete remission rates of adult ALL reach over 80%, but most of the patients eventually relapse and the long-term survival re-mains poor. This article reviewed advances in the biological features and treatment of adult ALL during the past decade with a view to further improving the survival quality rate of the patients.