The comparative study on the chemical components of Cuscuta japonica and Cuscuta chinensis Lam have been carried out with TLC, paper chromatography and HPLC. As a result, both possessed similar chemical components and same polysaccharide compositions. But the polysaccharide recovery of Cuscuta japonica is three times as high as that of Cuscuta chinensis Lam. Both of them have 16 kinds, of amino acids. The content of 9 kinds of amino acids of Cuscuta japonica was higher than that of Cuscuta chinensis. These findings suggested that the developement and utilization of resources of Cuscuta japonica be available.

Aged ; China ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Humans ; L Forms ; drug effects ; Middle Aged ; Mining ; Mutation ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; drug effects ; Silicotuberculosis ; microbiology

OBJECTIVETo study the inhibitory effect of Xiaotan Sanjie Recipe (XSR) on the microsatellite instability of orthotopic transplantation tumor in MKN-45 human gastric cancer nude mice.

METHODSThe 3rd passage subcutaneous transplantation tumor was taken as the origin of the model by using MKN-45 human gastric cancer cell lines. MKN-45 human gastric cancer nude mouse model was established using OB glue adhesive method. Then 30 nude mice were divided into the model group, the XSR group, and the chemotherapy group. Mice in the XSR group were intragastrically given XSR at the daily dose of 0.4 mL. Mice in the chemotherapy group were intragastrically given Fluorouracil at the daily dose of 0.4 mL. No intervention was given to mice in the model group. After 6 weeks of medication, the tumor weight was measured, and the tumor inhibition rate calculated. The size, the peak height, and the peak area of 5 microsatellite instability sites were detected.

RESULTSThe tumor inhibition rate was 40. 84% in the XSR group. The tumor weight was significantly lower in the XSR group than in the model group (P < 0.01), showing no statistical difference when compared with the chemotherapy group (P >0.05). The incidence of high microsatellite instability (MSI-H) in the model group was 70%, and the incidence of low microsatellite instability (MSI-L) was 30%. Microsatellite stable site tended be stable after 6 weeks of XSR treatment.

CONCLUSIONXSR showed inhibition on microsatellite instable orthotopic transplantation tumor in MKN-45 human gastric cancer nude mice.

Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Microsatellite Instability ; drug effects ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Stomach Neoplasms

This article presents some suggestions about how to strengthen the management of medical devices so as to remove the hidden perils and risks of medical safety.
Equipment Safety ; Equipment and Supplies ; Safety Management

Objective To investigate the relationships between axillary lymph node metastasis and clinicopathologic features in the patients with cT1-2 N0 breast cancer and clarify the law of axillary lymph node metastasis,and to find the risk factor,and provide the theoretical basis for individuation therapy.Methods 687 patients with cT1-2 N0 breast cancer were divided into negative group and positive group according to the pathological results of axillary lymph node,and the clinicopathologic features were layered.The risk factors of axillary lymph node metastasis were screened out by Chi-square test and Logistic regression analysis.Results In 687 cases of cT1-2 N0 breast cancer,156 (22.7%)cases were observed with axillary lymph node metastasis. The age,cT stage,pT stage, pathological type,vascular invasion,perineural invasion estrogen receptor (ER),progesterone receptor (PR), and molecular subtyping were the factors that influenced axillary lymph node metastasis in univariate analyses.The age < 35 years, cT2 , invasive ductal carcinoma, vascular invasion positive and Luminal subtyping were the independent risk factors of axillary lymph nodes metastasis in multivariate analyses (r = 3.440,P = 0.010;r =1.770,P =0.007;r = 3.397,P = 0.001;r = 7.434,P = 0.000;r = 2.212,P = 0.015).Conclusion In the patients with cT1-2 N0 breast cancer,the age,cT,pathological type,vascular invasion and molecular subtyping are important predictors of axillary lymph node metastasis and vascular invasion was the most important predictor.The preoperative comprehensive analysis and evaluation of clinical data and preoperative pathological results obtained will help to select the right surgical operation.

Funds management,which has a direct effect on the development of scientific research projects,is an important part of the scientific research management in hospitals.By investigating the present situation of the scientific research funds management in a local hospital in Shanghai,this paper analyzes the problems commonly found in the scientific research funds management.Based on the findings of the analysis,this paper proposes some corresponding recommendations and countermeasures to improve the management.

Objective To study the growth difference and possible mechanism between nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cell line CNE-2 and its subclone S-18.Methods CNE-2 and S-18 cells were cultured in vitro.6 x 105 cells/mouse were xenografted subcutaneously in the back of nude mice.The volumes of rumors were measured on the 3 rd,7 th,10 th,14 th day after grafting.Mice were sacrificed on the 14 th day and tumors were isolated and weighed.RNA from tumor tissues were extracted and transcriptional levels of HSP27 and NF-K B were detected.Results (1) S-18,instead of CNE-2,grew to form tumor mass 7 days after xenografting subcutaneously;both cell lines formed tumor mass 10 days after xenografting,however,the volumes of S-18 tumors [(223.13 ± 21.32) mm3,10 th day;(420.25 ± 24.52) mm3,14 th day] were significant bigger than CNE-2tumors [(113.70±11.70) mm3,10thday;(279.86±25.78) mm3,14thday];The weights of S-18 umors were significantly higher than CNE-2 tumors on the 14 th day after xenografting;(2) The transcriptional levels of HSP27 and NF-KB in S-18 tumor were significantly higher than in CNE-2 tumor.Conclusion Xenografted S-18 NPC grows faster than Xenografted CNE-2 NPC.HSP27 and NF-κ B are probably involved in the regulation of growth in NPC.

Diverse subtypes of voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) have been found throughout tissues of the brain, muscles and the heart. Neurotoxins extracted from the venom of the Asian scorpion Buthus martensi Karsch (BmK) act as sodium channel-specific modulators and have therefore been widely used to study VGSCs. α-type neurotoxins, named BmK I, BmK αIV and BmK abT, bind to receptor site-3 on VGSCs and can strongly prolong the inactivation phase of VGSCs. In contrast, β-type neurotoxins, named BmK AS, BmK AS-1, BmK IT and BmK IT2, occupy receptor site-4 on VGSCs and can suppress peak currents and hyperpolarize the activation kinetics of sodium channels. Accumulating evidence from binding assays of scorpion neurotoxins on VGSCs, however, indicate that pharmacological sensitivity of VGSC subtypes to different modulators is much more complex than that suggested by the simple α-type and β-type neurotoxin distinction. Exploring the mechanisms of possible dynamic interactions between site 3-/4-specific modulators and region- and/or species-specific subtypes of VGSCs would therefore greatly expand our understanding of the physiological and pharmacological properties of diverse VGSCs. In this review, we discuss the pharmacological and structural diversity of VGSCs as revealed by studies exploring the binding properties and cross-competitive binding of site 3- or site 4-specific modulators in VGSC subtypes in synaptosomes from distinct tissues of diverse species.
Animals ; Binding Sites ; Binding, Competitive ; Brain ; metabolism ; Heart ; physiology ; Humans ; Insect Proteins ; antagonists & inhibitors ; genetics ; metabolism ; Insecta ; Ion Channel Gating ; drug effects ; physiology ; Kinetics ; Mammals ; Muscles ; metabolism ; Neurotoxins ; chemistry ; classification ; pharmacology ; Protein Binding ; Scorpions ; chemistry ; Sodium ; metabolism ; Sodium Channel Blockers ; pharmacology ; Sodium Channels ; classification ; genetics ; metabolism ; Synaptosomes ; drug effects ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effectiveness of a school-based smoking prevention and control intervention program among elementary school students.

METHODSThrough two phase cluster sampling, 566 pupils in grade 4 and grade 5 of two schools were assigned to intervention group and control group. One year comprehensive smoking intervention was conducted in the intervention group. The assessment was carried out through three questionnaires: pre- and post-intervention, 6-month after intervention.

RESULTSAfter one year intervention, pupils in the intervention group significantly improved their knowledge and attitudes related to tobacco use. The rate of attempting smoking decreased form 7.8% to 2.6% and the rate of passive smoking from 53.6% to 41.8%. The difference between the intervention and control groups was statistically significant. However, several index started to decline at 6-month follow up survey.

CONCLUSIONThe result demonstrated the effectiveness and feasibility of tobacco control in elementary school and the positive effect must be developed.

Case-Control Studies ; Child ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Male ; Schools ; statistics & numerical data ; Smoking ; epidemiology ; Smoking Prevention ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Tobacco Smoke Pollution ; statistics & numerical data

OBJECTIVETo study the basic pathogenesis of "asthenia of healthy energy and blood stasis" in liver cirrhosis studied by Chinese syndromes and serum proteomics.

METHODSThe information of four methods of examinations and serum samples were collected from 44 cases of male cirrhotic patients and 17 cases of healthy male volunteers. The different syndrome groups were summarized according to syndrome differentiation and frequency analysis using the patient's information of four methods of examinations. The serum proteins were isolated by magnetic beads and detected by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). The proteins expressed differently between cirrhotic patients of different syndrome types and healthy volunteers were analyzed by statistical analysis software (product of Bruker Corporation ClinProTools 2.1 software). The diagnosis model was established by QC algorithm.

RESULTSThe liver cirrhosis syndrome with the appearance frequency of more than 30% was sequenced from high to low as fatigue, listlessness, spider telangiectasia, liver palms, anorexia, bleeding from the nose, the gum or the subcutaneous tissue, the abdominal distention, shortness of breath while moving, dim facial complexion, pricking pain of the flank, weak waist and knees, dull pain in the flank, burning sensation of five centers, or low fever, hectic fever, and night sweat. The cases belonging to Child-Pugh A in the seventeen patients of the Pi-qi asthenia syndrome group accounted for 64.7%. The cases belonging to Child-Pugh C in the twelve patients of the Gan-Shen yin deficiency syndrome group accounted for 66.7%. The cases belonging to Child-Pugh A were similar to the cases belonging to Child-Pugh C in the fifteen patients of the blood stasis syndrome group, being more than 40%. Such syndromes as spider telangiectasia, liver palms, shortness of breath while moving, burning sensation of five centers, or low fever, hectic fever, and night sweat, varicose vein of the abdominal wall, and edema of lower extremities appeared more frequently in Child-Pugh C than in Child-Pugh A (all P < 0.05). The characteristic protein expression peak with mass-to-charge ratio of 4642.81, 4963.91, 5247.8, 5805.95, 6305.27, and 12447.7 in the Pi-qi asthenia syndrome diagnosis model were chosen. The former five peaks could be found in Child-Pugh A and Child-Pugh C. The protein expression peak with mass-to-charge ratio of 9 290. 3 was the characteristic protein expression peak in the Gan-Shen yin deficiency syndrome diagnosis model. The protein expression peak with mass-to-charge ratio of 9290.06 and 7 768. 29 were down-regulated in the Gan-Shen yin deficiency syndrome group compared with the other two syndromes groups. The protein expression peaks 9290.3 and 7768.29 were included in the diagnosis model of hepatitis B cirrhosis. They did not appear in Child-Pugh A, while they were gradually down-regulated in Child-Pugh B and Child-Pugh C. Of the other seventeen protein expression peaks in patients of the Gan-Shen yin deficiency syndrome, eight expressed in Child-Pugh A. The protein expression peaks 4964.55 and 5806.83 that expressed both in Child-Pugh A and Child-Pugh C constituted the characteristic protein peaks of the hepatitis B cirrhosis blood stasis diagnosis model. The diagnosis model of the Pi-qi asthenia syndrome was established with the sensitivity of 100% and the specificity of 82.35%. The diagnosis model of the Gan-Shen yin deficiency syndrome was established with the sensitivity of 100% and the specificity of 94.12%. The diagnosis model of the blood stasis syndrome was established with the sensitivity of 100% and the specificity of 100%.

CONCLUSIONSAsthenia of healthy energy and blood stasis was the basic pathogenesis during the whole process of liver cirrhosis. Asthenia of healthy energy covers Pi-qi asthenia and Gan-Shen yin deficiency. Gan-Shen yin deficiency was obvious in the compensation stage of liver cirrhosis, but it has manifested in this stage. So early treatment was necessary.

Adult ; Aged ; Blood Proteins ; metabolism ; Case-Control Studies ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; blood ; diagnosis ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Middle Aged ; Proteomics ; Serum ; metabolism ; Yang Deficiency ; blood ; diagnosis ; Yin Deficiency ; blood ; diagnosis