According to the results of an investigation on 270 households in May 1999 carried out in Tien Son district, Bac Ninh province, 56 (20.79%) purchasing households came to commune health centre, 195 (72.22%) came to private clinic, 8 (2.96%) came to public pharmacy and 11 (4.03%) came to private pharmacy. Quality of the drug, easiness to access, reasonable price, good counseling... are the favorable factors to promote the purchaser's choice
Pharmaceutical Preparations ; Pharmaceutical Services

Since Government have been defined the economy of Vietnam is commodity economy with multicomponent under management of Government. The pharmaceutical Branch have been had a firm advance that responded the requisition about drug in task of protection and care of people's health. The attainment such results is to have the great contribution of private pharmaceutical practice system. We hope that the pharmaceutical will have soon a summation about this problem to infer strengths and weaknesses, and valuable lessons, helping the private pharmaceutical practice more and more completely
Pharmaceutical Services ; Pharmacy

To improve the quality of pharmaceutical services at hospitals’ pharmacies towards Good Pharmacy Practice, an interventional study was carried out on 1014 clients and 3030 prescriptions with two purposes: instructions, and surveillance of drug interactions in prescribing at Hospital No 115’s pharmacy and other 14 hospitals’ pharmacies in Ho Chi Minh City. The results showed that the rate of customers’ satisfactions with client instructions in intervention group was higher than that in control group (87.0% vs 80.4%); and doctors paid more attentions to drug interactions during prescribing (rate of drug interactions decreased from 12.1% before intervention to 9.7% after intervention). However, the rates of drug interaction wasn’t changed significantly before and after interventions)
Pharmacy ; Pharmaceutical Services

At a low dosage of Aspirin (75-325 mg/day) can cause the severe gatro-intestinal bleeding. The adverse reactions of the path of scopolamine are dry mouth, drowsiness, temporarily vision imparement. Fluoroquinolon interacts adversely with mefloquin and many anti-malarial agents. Natrithiosulphate can be used as prophylaxis of hearing loss due to the use of carboplatin for brain cancer. Benzodiazepine is contraindicated in pregnant women and breast feeding because of hypobody temperature, hypertension, respiratory failure in children. Midazolam causes confusion, mania, unsuitability, anxiety, hinding. It is not proven that the use of corticoid during pregnancy and breast feeding whether cause defect in newborn or not. The loss of memory is most frequent when using dexfenfluramine. Some drugs made in Canada related with lasting the QT interval and tosade depoint. The proton-pumping inhibitors cause the hematologic disorder.
Drug Information Services ; Pharmaceutical Preparations

BACKGROUND: Although the importance of pharmaceutical care service has been growing to meet the needs of customers with the improvement of clinical and humanistic outcomes, there was not a systematic strategy to promote research in Korea. The aim of this study was to suggest the core agendas for pharmaceutical care services research and development (R&D) considering priorities. METHODS: Based on desk researches, we developed R&D agendas for the needs of improving pharmaceutical care services in the area of institution, community, and public health. To determine the priority of agendas in developing pharmaceutical care service, analytic hierarchy process (AHP) analysis was performed by the 14 experts. Criteria and subcriteria were assessed for significance by pairwise comparisons. Then, agendas were evaluated for importance according to each subcriteria, and rank ordered considering the weight calculated by multiplying the importance scores of the criteria and the subcriteria. RESULTS: We derived 25 agendas including 13 for institutional pharmaceutical care service, 8 for community pharmaceutical care service, and 4 for public-health related pharmaceutical care service. AHP model was constructed based on 4 criteria and 8 subcriteria by a hierarchical structure. From the AHP survey, the ‘Development of pharmaceutical care service for metabolic and chronic disease’ agenda accounted for the highest priority. CONCLUSION: We have developed the R&D agendas of the pharmaceutical care service which should be promoted. The results should be utilized by the government to nationally support the development of the standards and relevant regulations related to pharmaceutical care services in Korea.
Korea ; Pharmaceutical Services ; Public Health ; Social Control, Formal

Background: The incidence of hypertension and its complications continue to increase in the Philippine Army due to non-adherence resulting in poor health outcomes. Objective: This study implemented a Medication Counseling Program (MCP) for hypertensive soldiers, and assessed the effects of the program on knowledge of disease and treatment (Knowledge), attitude towards medication (Attitude), adherence to treatment (Adherence), and blood pressure (BP). It identified and categorized pharmacist interventions applied during the counseling sessions. The perceptions of patients and physicians on pharmacist's clinical roles were also determined. Methodology: The program was implemented from March to October 2015 in a government hospital for the Philippine Army. Knowledge, attitude, adherence, and BP (converted as mean arterial pressure or MAP) were measured at baseline, 30, 60, and 90th day after initial counseling. Data for pharmacist interventions were collected from patient's documentary form. The interview was conducted to patients after their 90-day counseling period and physicians after the 8-month duration of the program. Results: A total of 20 patients were enrolled in the program, but only 13 patients completed the study. Of the 62 counseling sessions conducted by the pharmacist for the 8-month period, a total of 252 pharmacist interventions were administered. Knowledge, attitude, adherence, and MAP scores improved, and 100 % of the patients achieved normal/controlled BP after the 90-day counseling period. Conclusion A pharmacist MCP intervention may improve a patient's knowledge, attitude, adherence, and BP. The program enabled the pharmacist to apply pharmacist interventions to identified drug-therapy problems of the patients and resolved these through collaboration with the physicians and cooperation of the patients.
Pharmacists ; Military Personnel ; Pharmaceutical Services ; Medication Adherence ; Pharmacies ; Hypertension ; Counseling

PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate community pharmacists' knowledge and certainty of adverse effects and contraindications of pharmaceutical products to estimate the risk of error. Factors influencing their knowledge and certainty were also investigated. METHODS: The knowledge of community pharmacists was assessed in a cross-sectional design using a multiple-choice questions test on the adverse effects and contraindications of active pharmaceutical ingredients and excipients from May 2014 to March 2015. Self-rated certainty scores were also recorded for each question. Knowledge and certainty scores were combined to estimate the risk of error. RESULTS: Out of 315 subjects, 129 community pharmacists (41.0%) completed the 30 multiple-choice questions test on active ingredients and excipients. Knowledge on active ingredients was associated with the year of graduation and obtaining a licence to practice pharmacy. Knowledge on excipients was associated with the degree obtained. There was higher risk of error in items on excipients than those on ingredients (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: The knowledge of community pharmacists in Palestine was insufficient with high risk of errors. Knowledge of community pharmacists on the safety issues of active ingredients and excipients need to be improved.
Cross-Sectional Studies ; Excipients* ; Humans ; Pharmaceutical Preparations ; Pharmaceutical Services ; Pharmacists ; Pharmacy

Through the analysis of the current drug testing market, this paper discussion the meeting of creating "Drug Testing in China" brand on the concept of scientific testing.
China ; Drug Industry ; organization & administration ; Pharmaceutical Preparations ; Pharmaceutical Services ; organization & administration ; Quality Control

Antibody-based drugs are prepared by cell and genetic engineering technology, which are widely used in the treatment of malignant tumors. According to the structural characteristics, antibody-based drugs currently on the market can be divided into several categories, including monoclonal antibody drugs, bispecific antibody drugs and antibody drug conjugates. Until June 1, 2022, 39 anti-tumor antibody drugs have been approved in China. Since the pharmaceutical characteristics, in vivo efficacy and pharmacokinetic characteristics of anti-tumor antibody drugs are different from those of traditional small molecule drugs, the pharmaceutical care of anti-tumor antibody drugs in clinical application has distinct features. To regulate pharmaceutical care of these drugs, promote the rational use of antibody drugs in China, this guideline has been made by Cancer Pharmacists Branch of Chinese Pharmacists Association, with the guidance of the National Cancer Center. We used the Delphi method and expert interview and discussion, to build the key problems. The contents in this guideline are based on clinical evidence, domestic pharmaceutical management regulations and pharmaceutical care practice. This guideline covers the whole process of pharmaceutical care system, includes the using of before, during and after drug administration. It provides a scientific basis for pharmacists to carry out pharmaceutical care for this kind of drugs.
Humans ; Pharmaceutical Preparations ; Pharmaceutical Services ; Pharmacists ; Antineoplastic Agents ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; China

BACKGROUND: In order to achieve the goals of community pharmacy practice, its legal, labour-related, and economic barriers need to be identified. This study examined pharmacists' perceptions of constraints on providing optimal pharmacy services in order to identify underlying factors and analyse the associations between barriers and pharmaceutical services in community pharmacies. METHODS: A survey targeting pharmacy owners was conducted from May to June 2012 using a structured questionnaire including nine pharmaceutical service items. According to the service provision level, we classified pharmacists as inactive (fewer than 5 items among the listed 9 service items) and active providers (5 or more items). Principal component analysis was used to group significant factors for barriers into four thematic components. Associations between the participants' demographics and pharmacy characteristics and the services provided were explored by logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: Participants were 402 pharmacists. Over 60% provided disease management services for hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidaemia. Variables that affected pharmaceutical services included the lack of separate areas for patient counselling (OR: 2.12, 95% CI: 1.18-3.80), and clinical knowledge and information-related barriers (OR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.36-0.97). CONCLUSION: Strategies for improving clinical knowledge and providing expeditious information are necessary in order to improve community pharmacy services.
Community Pharmacy Services ; Demography ; Disease Management ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Logistic Models ; Pharmaceutical Services* ; Pharmacies* ; Pharmacists ; Pharmacy ; Principal Component Analysis