By the methods of GC and TLC, the residues of pesticides in the leaves of Crinum latifolium L. were determined after these pesticides were used for the protection of the plant. The methods of TLC and GC can be used for evaluating the residue of some pesticides.
Pesticides ; Insectiside

Results obtained from the investigation showed that: the management of pesticides in Tien Giang, Can Tho, Khanh Hoa and Thua Thien - Hue provinces is not properly. The farmers keep pesticides in their houses (90.8%). High percentage of exposed farmers have poisoning symptoms/signs. From 1993 to 1996 there were 4.899 cases of pesticide poisoning among them 286 died, 98% used pesticides for their suicide. We have made some practical recommendations for the prevention of poisoning and health protection for farmers.
Pesticides ; Poisoning

In our retrospective study on the contamination of pesticides during 1995-1999, mainly depending on cholinesterase index in blood, 101 workers were interviewed directly by available questionnaire. The results showed that 60 cases of contamination were discovered, this prevalence decreased gradually every year, there were 4 cases (3.96%) in 1999. The types of intoxication were changed little by little from the organic phosphorum to perythroid. The protection and occupational safe and hygiene had been given much attention and brought into play of the preventive effects
Pesticides ; Poisoning

100% of mosquito batches were collapsed after 30 minutes exposing to test paper and dead after 24 hours following up. This indicates that the mosquito in test places is very sensitive to permethrin and lambda cyhalothrin and these chemicals are effective in killing mosquito during outbreaks. The number of locals where involved in evaluating the sensitivity of mosquito to chemicals are increasing. These are provinces where the insects surveillance systems are available.
Pesticides ; Culicidae

Introduction: Pesticides are widely used in the agricultural sector to increase production by cutting costs and improving product quality. However, these chemicals come with serious health effects when individuals are exposed to large quantities at once or low amounts over time. Objective: This study aimed to identify the health symptoms and physical assessment findings affecting farmers from their repeated occupational exposure to pesticides in a rural region in the Philippines. Methods: This research study used a cross-sectional design, and samples were drawn based on a multistage sampling of 387 agricultural workers. The target site was in the southern Philippines, and the sample was selected randomly from the identified municipalities. Survey questionnaires were given to the respondents, and a physical assessment was made by medical doctors and trained registered nurses. The data were encoded using SPSS™ 13.0. The statistics used were both descriptive and inferential. Results: The farmers used pesticides in their farms with an average of 2.3 days per week (SD: 2.13). The mean total spraying time was 3.07 hours (SD: ± 14.76) per day. The average amount of pesticide used in an application was 1.33 L per application (SD: ± 6.53). Sixty-three percent (63%) had spills while spraying, and 47% reported having spilled pesticides while mixing. Farmers were assessed and found to have experienced symptoms and exhibited physical assessment findings surrounding the following body systems: general, EENT, neurologic, gastrointestinal, respiratory, cardiovascular, and integumentary systems. Abnormalities in laboratory parameters were also observed among the respondents. The mini-mental state examination was done to test if the respondents showed signs of cognitive impairment. The results showed that most respondents (93.95%) had normal cognitive function, while 6.05% of respondents had some level of cognitive impairment. Associations were also tested using Phi Coefficient, and certain pesticide exposure variables were associated with farmers' physical findings and symptoms experienced by farmers. Conclusion This study translates pesticide’s health impact by identifying the common symptoms experienced by farmers and concerning physical assessment findings. The study found that farmers suffered from various symptoms concerning the general health, eye, ears, nose, and throat region, neurological system, gastrointestinal system, respiratory system, cardiovascular system, and the integumentary system. In addition, the laboratory parameters of the participants also exhibited abnormalities indicative of exposure and possible adverse effects from pesticides.
Farmers ; Pesticides

Surveyed on 8 plant protective facilities and interviewed 500 agricultural households which used pesticide at 10 communes of 5 districts in Quang Tri province. The amount of used pesticide in agriculture was 12 tons/year, herbicide in which 51,7%; insecticide 48,2%. There were various and abundant types of pesticide supplied by many sources from the state and private sectors. The implementation of toxic safety, storage, utilization and treatment of pesticide waste in the community was limited which influenced on the environment and public health.
Pesticides ; Public Health ; Environment

A study on 41 white male rats with ages of 2 - 2.5 months, weight of 130-150g was carried out. Materials included the sun oil and Bassa 50EC of Novatis. The authors found that renal lesions occurred in some positions and become more severe after 7 days of poison. The lesions included early and long lasting vasodilative congestion in the glomerular and interstitial tissues, cellular proliferation, basement tissular proliferation in glomeruli of kidney cavity and plasma surrounding the cellular nuclear in the renal tubular cells. The images of regeneration of the parenchyma appeared after 7 days of poison
Pesticides ; Poisoning ; Rats

1220 breast cancer patients and 1487 no cancer patients at Hospital K, Ha Noi, from 1993-1998 were diagnosed basing on clinical, cytological and pathological examinations. The study showed that women of the age group of 40-49 had higher risk than other age groups on breast cancer. The history of exposure with chemical insecticides of organophosphorus and organochlorine increased the risk of breast cancer
Pesticides ; history ; Breast Neoplasms

A retrospective study was carried out on 94 children (from 2 months to 15 years of age) with acute pesticide poisoning treated in HCM city Children Hospital N01 from Jan 1997 to 1 Mar 2002. Result showed, it was a rate of 9.2% in comparing with total number of all poisoning cases, among them there was 33 cases of suicide in children (35.1%). Male/female ratio was 1.3/1. Most of poisonous cases were due to insecticides, and the most common cause was organic phosphore and carbamat, however paraquat was the most common killer. 100% of victims lived in rural regions and the cases accidented indoor or in near environment. For treating it needs informations, manual material on pesticide, available in emergency rooms to early diagnose and to treat properly in time.
Child ; Pesticides ; Poisoning

Investigaition was conducted in the year 2002 on 322 households of vegetable cultivator in Tuc Duyen commune, Thai Nguyen city. Vegetable samples were collected randomly to determine residues of pesticide using gaz-chromatography. In 3 kinds of common vegetable, pesticide residues were detected (bean 60%, bindweed 70%, cabbage 80%). In an average of 70% of samples, residues were detected. Soaking and washing reduced the chemical concentration in vegetable from 27.1% to 50%, depending on the kind of chemical and vegetable. In bindweed 71.4% of samples were contaminated with at least 2 kinds of chemicals. The awareness and practice of cultivators and users were very restricted, lacking of protective means
Pesticides ; Vegetables ; Pesticide Residues