Aim Toresearchthemolecularmecha-nisms of adriamycin-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis based on β-adrenoceptor signaling pathway during de-velopmentofheartfailure.Methods SeventymaleSD rats were assigned randomly into two groups:the con-trol group(CON,n=30)and the ADR-induced cardio-toxicity group (ADR,n =40 ).ADR was administered intraperitoneally in five equal injections (each contai-ning 3 mg·kg-1 )over a period of two weeks,with a total cumulative dose of 15 mg · kg-1 body weight. Age-matched rats injected with saline were used as controls.The general condition of all rats was observed, and transthoracic echocardiography was performed im-mediately following the final ADR injection,and then every other week.Serum and myocardial tissue were harvested at W2,W4 and W6 separately.The serum contents of brain natriuretic peptide(BNP)and cardiac troponin-T(cTn-T)were analyzed by euzymelinked im-munosorbent assay (ELISA ).The pathological change and apoptosis were determined by HE,Masson and ter-minal deoxyribonucleotide transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL).The protein expressions ofβ1-AR,β2-AR,PKA and CaMK Ⅱ were detectedbyWesternblot.Results FollowingthefinalADRin-jection,cardiac systolic function and SV declined, which was accompanied by marked atrophy of the heart,low levels of cardiomyocyte fibrosis and apopto-sis,significantly increased serum BNP and cTn-T and decreased β1-AR,PKA and CaMK Ⅱ protein expres-sion.However,cardiac systolic function was improved with the extension of time but remained depressed as compared to CON group.The serum BNP and cTn-T concentration kept on rising.The gradual aggravation apoptosis and concomitant fibrosis in the ADR group heart were observed following ADR withdrawal.β1-AR protein expression was continuously down-regulated,β2-AR protein expression unchanged.Expression of PKA and CaMKⅡ proteins in hearts from ADR-injec-ted rats gradually increased.Conclusion β-AR/PKA/CaMKⅡ signaling pathway mediates cardiomyo-cyte apoptosis during the progress of ADR-induced car-diac dysfunction and pathological remodeling and apop-tosis.

We systematically analyse and summarize on the literature(1996-2016) by reading and analysing them.Active ingredients and pharmacological activity of traditional Chinese medicine pigment composition(Saffower Yellower Injection) is introduced and its response characteristics, factors and potential causes of ADR are revealed, which provides the reference for safe, rational clinical management of drugs.Also it reminds that clinicians should master the characteristics of adverse reactions of traditional Chinese medicine pigment and grasp the ADR potential causes and control measures, in order to reach the goal of rational drug use.

Aim To optimize the traditional method of right catheterization in rats and establish a rapid , stable and reliable method of the right heart catheter guided intubation to measure pulmonary artery pressure. Methods Nighty male wistar rats were used to optimize the method of detection of pulmonary arte-rial pressure. Three catheter namely PE50, PU I, and PU II were used for choosing the best intubation. The new technology of right catheterization was established and used for the research of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Results The PU I catheter was obviously better than PE50 and PU II catheter in the success rate and measurement time ( P <0. 05 ) . The method of right heart catheter guided intubation was significantly superior to the traditional right heart direct intubation (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01). After improving the right catheterization, the detection of hemo-dynamic indexes in PAH-model rat was successful with regular pressure curve and reliable experimental data. Conclusions The right heart catheter guided intubation method has a high suc-cess rate and it can detect the pulmonary artery pressure quick-ly, easily, and can help other researchers to complete experi-ment as efficiently as possible.

Objective To investigate the effects of salvianolate lyophilized injection(SLI) on neural functional recovery and the expression of microtubule associated protein-2(MAP2) after focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in the diabetic rats.Methods Diabetes model was made by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) and cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model was developed by Longa suture occluded method in the middle cerebral artery of diabetic rats.The rats were randomly divided into five groups: sham operation group, model group, SLI (21.0 mg.kg-1,10.5 mg.kg-1) treatment groups, and edaravone (6 mg.kg-1) treatment group.3 hours after ischemia,rats were respectively given normal saline or drugs followed by the injection once a day for 14 days and the neurological impairment was assessed.2 h after the last injection,the rats were decapitated and the brains were collected.The expression of MAP2 protein and mRNA in the bilateral hippocampal ischemia and infarcted area was detected with immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR.Results Severe neurological dysfunction was found in diabetic rats that had been subjected to cerebral ischemic injury (1.850±0.457).A significant improvement on neurological function was found in the SLI treatment groups (1.581 ± 0.314, 1.345 ± 0.425) compared with model group(P＜0.01, P＜0.05).Moreover,the expression of MAP2 in ischemia bilateral hippocampal CA1 and penumbra was represented by the average optical density value respectively (0.743±0.250,0.561± 0.224).In the hippocampal CA1 region, the number of MAP2-positive cells (0.781 ± 0.420 , 0.851 ± 0.136) in the treatment group showed significant increase than those in model group (P＜0.01, P＜0.05).In the ischemic penumbra region,the number of MAP2-positive cells (0.753±0.235,1.203±0.326) in the treatment group showed significant increase than those in model group (P＜0.01, P＜0.05).Conclusion The SLI can promote the post-injury neurocognitive function in diabetic rats.The increase of MAP2 expression may be involved in the mechanisms.

Objective Shunaoxin Dropping Pills (SDPs), a Chinese patent medicine, has been used widely in China for the treatment of headache, amnesia, and insomnia. The aim of the present study is to observe the effect of SDPs on inducing angiogenesis and neurogenesis in vitro. Methods The present testing system using the serum obtained from animals ig treated with SDPs and a co-culture system in vitro was used to investigate if SDPs promotes brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) tube formation and neural differentiation of neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs), which plays important roles in angiogenesis and neurogenesis. Results The SDPs serum sampled from rats ig treated with SDPs for 3 d dose-dependently promoted the tube like structure formation of cultured BMECs, and enhanced the fraction of MAP-2 positive cells of NSPCs, which co-cultured with the BMECs and astrocyte. In addition, there was no significant change in the percentage of glial fibrillary acidic protein positive cells. Conclusion Our results show that SDPs serum can induce neural differentiation and BMECs tube formation in vitro.

OBJECTIVETo study the proliferation effect of neural stem cells (NSCs) of ginsenoside Rg1 in vitro.

METHODNSCs from the embryonic rat (E14) were isolated, 10 mg x L(-1) BrdU were added in the medium. The NSCs were incubated together with 1, 10 micromol x L(-1) ginsenoside Rg1 for 48 hours, control group were setup. Then BrdU positive cell number were detected and counted by fluorescence microscop. The Hes1 and Mash1 mRNA expression were detected by real-time RT-PCR.

RESULTThe number of BrdU positive cells in 10 micromol x L(-1) ginsenoside Rg1 group was increased significantly compared with the control group (40.5 +/- 10.9 vs 26.2 +/- 6.0, P < 0.01), and the Hes1 mRNA expression were increased significantly (1.00 +/- 0.11) vs (1.28 +/- 0.14), P < 0.05.

CONCLUSIONginsenoside Rg1 can promote the proliferation of neural stem cells in vitro, and this effect may be induced by the up-regulation Hes1 expression.

Animals ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Ginsenosides ; pharmacology ; Multipotent Stem Cells ; drug effects ; physiology ; Neurons ; drug effects ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

Objective:To develop a national secondary reference material of Urea and Creatinine in frozen human serum as a standard for metrological traceability.Methods:According to JJF1343-2012 "General and Statistical Principles for Characterization of Reference Materials" and JJF 1006-1994 " Technical Norm of Primary Reference Material ", the homogeneity, stability, and commutability were evaluated;Using the JCTLM recommended methods, the value of the reference materials was assigned through collaboration with 6 accredited reference laboratories from Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Beijing Aerospace General Hospital, Shenzhen Mindray Bio-Medical Electronics, Maccura Biotechnology, Beijing Leadman Biochemistry, and Zhejiang MedicalSystem Biotechnology. Uncertainty components including inhomogeneity, stability and value assignment were evaluated.Results:The results of one-way analysis of variance of homogeneity for the reference materials showed P>0.05, and the stability evaluation was less than the critical value of the t-test. The measured values were in the 95% confidence interval in the four conventional detection systems for commutability, and the certified values and expanded uncertainties were urea:(14.7±0.3) mmol/L ( k=2),Cr:(313.9±14.5) μmol/L ( k=2). Conclusion:The prepared secondary reference materials of urea and creatinine had promising homogeneity, stability, and commutable, the values of urea and creatinine concentration in reference materials were accurate and reliable.

Objective:To examine the effects of Zishenwan Prescription on bile acid metabolism in mice with diabetic encephalopathy; To explore its mechanism of improvement of diabetic encephalopathy.Methods:Male C57BL/6J mice were used to replicate the mouse model of type 2 diabetes mellitus by using high-fat chow and a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (120 mg/kg). The mice were screened for diabetic encephalopathy by using the Morris water maze test after 8 weeks of continuous stimulation with hyperglycemia, and were divided into model group and Zishenwan Prescription group according to random number table method, with 12 mice in each group. The mice in the Zishenwan Prescription group were treated with the crude extract of Zishenwan Prescription (9.36 g/kg) by gavage, and the normal group and the model group were treated with the same volume of distilled water once a day for 8 weeks. At the end of the treatment, Morris water maze test was used to investigate the cognitive function of diabetic encephalopathy mice; cresyl violet staining was used to detect the number of granule neurons in the hippocampus; serum and feces were collected to detect the content of bile acids by liquid-liquid coupling; hepatic bile acid synthase CYP7a1 and CYP27a1, farnesol X receptor (FXR), fibroblast growth factor 15 (FGF15), fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4), and ileocecal apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter protein (ABST) mRNA levels were detected by using fluorescence quantitative PCR assay.Results:Compared with the model group, mice in the Zishenwan Prescription group had shorter evasion latency time ( P<0.05 or P<0.01), decreased time to first reach the platform ( P<0.01), increased number of times to traverse the platform ( P<0.01), and reduced neuronal cell damage in hippocampal area; mice in the Zishenwan Prescription group showed decreased serum and fecal total bile acid content ( P<0.05 or P<0.01); the liver CYP7a1 and CYP27a1 mRNA expressions increased ( P<0.01), and FXR and FGF15 mRNA expressions decreased ( P<0.01); ileal ABST mRNA expression decreased ( P<0.01). Conclusion:Zishenwan Prescription may regulate bile acid metabolism, inhibit FRX-FGF15/FGFR4 signaling and ABST expression to promote new bile acid synthesis and conjugated bile acid reabsorption, and thus improve cognitive function in diabetic encephalopathy mice.

Objective:To explore the clinical effect of perforator pedicled propeller flap (PPPF) in reconstruction of soft tissue defect in ankle and foot, as well as the role of preoperative ultrasonography in assistance of the location of perforators in donor site.Methods:From January 2017 to June 2023, the Department of Microorthopedics of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Luohe Medical College of Higher Education applied PPPF to reconstruct small and medium-sized soft tissue defects in the ankle and foot for 26 patients. The patients were 17 males, 9 females, aged 18 to 68 years old with 46 years old in average. The defect sites were 3 in forefoot and 6 in midfoot and combined with different degrees of tendon and bone exposure, 17 in ankle and heel and combined with various degrees of bone exposure, 12 with ankle open injury and 5 with Achilles tendon exposure. The area of soft tissue defects ranged from 2.5 cm×1.5 cm to 16.0 cm × 6.5 cm. The width of injury was measured before surgery, and a HHD was used to detect the perforators proximal to the defect site, and then high-frequency CDU was used to locate and confirm the location of the perforator and its alignment, blood flow and diameter. The line drawn between the 2 perforators was set as the axis of flap. The donor site was assessed by a "pinching and lifting" method to determine a direct closure of donor site or to have it closed by a flap transfer. The sizes of flap were from 2.8 cm×1.5 cm to 24.0 cm×7.5 cm. Twenty-two donor sites were directly closed and 4 received flap transfers. Four flaps had sutures with the skin nerves in the recipient site. Masquelet technique was performed in 6 patients with bone defects in the surgery. Patients received outpatient reviews with 1-2 weeks of intervals in the first 2 months after surgery, and X-ray reviews per 1-2 months for those with bone implants until bone healing.Results:All flaps survived successfully without any special treatment after surgery, except 1 flap that had blood vessel congestion and showed swelling and poor blood supply to the distal flap at 24 hours after surgery. The blood vessel congestion was revised by removal of part of the suture at the tip of flap pedicle. One week later, the tip of the flap remained with a small area of necrosis, which was then healed after dressing changes. A total of 21 patients were included in postoperative follow-up with 4 months to 3 years. All of the flaps had satisfactory appearance, colour and texture, and without any ulceration. Three cases of nerve suture were also included in follow-up. According to the assessment criteria of British Medical Research Council (BMRC), the sensory recovery of the flaps was found of S 2 in 1 flap and S 3 in 2 flaps. According to the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS), the ankle-hindfoot function scores, there were excellent in 16 patient and good in 5 patients. Conclusion:With the assistance of ultrasound, the PPPF can be effectively used in reconstruction of soft tissue defects in ankle and foot.

OBJECTIVE To explore the effects of Yupingfeng granules on the improvement of epithelial barrier function and the inhibition of tumor metastasis by regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition （EMT）. METHODS Thirty C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into the normal group （distilled water），model group （distilled water） and Yupingfeng granule group （40 g/kg）， with 10 mice in each group. The model group and Yupingfeng granule group were inoculated with Lewis lung cancer cells subcutaneously in the right armpit to induce the spontaneous lung metastasis model. After modeling，each group was given water/ relevant medicine intragastrically，once a day，for 15 consecutive days. The effects of Yupingfeng granules on tumor metastasis were investigated by observing or determining the pathomorphology of lung tissue，metastatic lesion count on the surface of the lung， tumor metastatic lesion and the expression of carcinoembryonic antigens. qRT-PCR and Western blot assay were used to detect the mRNA and protein expressions of β-catenin，E-cadherin and vimentin in the lung tissue of mice. RESULTS Compared with the model group，the total number of pulmonary metastases on the surface was decreased significantly in Yupingfeng granule group （P＜ 0.05），the general morphology of lung tissue was recovered，and the expression of carcinoembryonic antigen in lung tissue was significantly decreased （P＜0.05）. mRNA and protein expressions of E-cadherin in lung tissue were significantly increased （P＜ 0.05），while mRNA and protein expressions of vimentin and β-catenin were significantly decreased （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS Yupingfeng granules can inhibit EMT by regulating the expression of β-catenin，thus improving epithelial barrier function，and inhibiting the ability of tumor cells to invade and metastasize.