Aim Toresearchthemolecularmecha-nisms of adriamycin-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis based on β-adrenoceptor signaling pathway during de-velopmentofheartfailure.Methods SeventymaleSD rats were assigned randomly into two groups:the con-trol group(CON,n=30)and the ADR-induced cardio-toxicity group (ADR,n =40 ).ADR was administered intraperitoneally in five equal injections (each contai-ning 3 mg·kg-1 )over a period of two weeks,with a total cumulative dose of 15 mg · kg-1 body weight. Age-matched rats injected with saline were used as controls.The general condition of all rats was observed, and transthoracic echocardiography was performed im-mediately following the final ADR injection,and then every other week.Serum and myocardial tissue were harvested at W2,W4 and W6 separately.The serum contents of brain natriuretic peptide(BNP)and cardiac troponin-T(cTn-T)were analyzed by euzymelinked im-munosorbent assay (ELISA ).The pathological change and apoptosis were determined by HE,Masson and ter-minal deoxyribonucleotide transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL).The protein expressions ofβ1-AR,β2-AR,PKA and CaMK Ⅱ were detectedbyWesternblot.Results FollowingthefinalADRin-jection,cardiac systolic function and SV declined, which was accompanied by marked atrophy of the heart,low levels of cardiomyocyte fibrosis and apopto-sis,significantly increased serum BNP and cTn-T and decreased β1-AR,PKA and CaMK Ⅱ protein expres-sion.However,cardiac systolic function was improved with the extension of time but remained depressed as compared to CON group.The serum BNP and cTn-T concentration kept on rising.The gradual aggravation apoptosis and concomitant fibrosis in the ADR group heart were observed following ADR withdrawal.β1-AR protein expression was continuously down-regulated,β2-AR protein expression unchanged.Expression of PKA and CaMKⅡ proteins in hearts from ADR-injec-ted rats gradually increased.Conclusion β-AR/PKA/CaMKⅡ signaling pathway mediates cardiomyo-cyte apoptosis during the progress of ADR-induced car-diac dysfunction and pathological remodeling and apop-tosis.

We systematically analyse and summarize on the literature(1996-2016) by reading and analysing them.Active ingredients and pharmacological activity of traditional Chinese medicine pigment composition(Saffower Yellower Injection) is introduced and its response characteristics, factors and potential causes of ADR are revealed, which provides the reference for safe, rational clinical management of drugs.Also it reminds that clinicians should master the characteristics of adverse reactions of traditional Chinese medicine pigment and grasp the ADR potential causes and control measures, in order to reach the goal of rational drug use.

BACKGROUND:Compared with mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow and fat, human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells, as one of the most potential cellsources to repair the central nervous system, are easy-based, more primitive, and not limited by ethical and legal.
OBJECTIVE:To explore differentiation of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells into neural stem cells induced by the recombinant human basic fibroblast growth factor and recombinant human epidermal growth factor.
METHODS:The human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells were induced by basic fibroblast growth factor and epidermal growth factor in vitro. The cellmorphology was observed by invert microscope. The differentiation status was detected by immunofluorescence. The Nestin expression in mRNA level before and after induction was detected by real-time PCR.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The neural stem cellbal s were observed after induction. And the Nestin was detected by immunofluorescence and real-time PCR. Nestin could further differentiate to the neuronal markproteins neuron-specific enolase, microtubule-associated protein 2 protein and glial fibril ary acidic protein. Results from this study show that basic fibroblast growth factor and epidermal growth factor can induce human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells to differentiate to neural stem cells, neurons and glial cells.

Objective To estimate the effect of berberine on the proliferation of and expressions of apoptosisrelated factors Bax and Bcl-2 in a human skin squamous cell carcinoma cell line A431.Methods A431 cells were cultured in vitro,and classified into various groups to be treated with berberine at different concentrations (12.5,25,5,100 mg/L) or cisplatin at 250 mg/L (positive control group) for different durations (12,24,48 and 72 hours).The A431 cells remaining untreated served as the negative control group.Subsequently,methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay was performed to evaluate cell growth,and inverted microscopy to observe cell morphology.Real time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR and an immunofluorescence assay were conducted to measure the mRNA and protein expressions of Bax and Bcl-2 respectively.Statistical analysis was done by multi-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) using the software SPSS 13.0.Results MTr assay showed that berberine inhibited the growth of A431 cells,and the inhibitory effect increased with the increase in concentration (F =1118.312,P ＜ 0.001) and treatment duration (F =510.927,P ＜ 0.001) of berberine.Moreover,there was a significant interaction between the concentration and treatment duration of berberine (F =70.239,P ＜ 0.001).Inverted microscopy revealed that when the concentration of berberine increased,cell density was reduced,and cell morphology changed from polygonal to round with cell body shrinkage.The ratio of bax to Bcl-2 mRNA was elevated with the increase in treatment duration and concentration of berberine,and there were significant differences in the mRNA ratio among cells treated with berberine for different time durations at same concentrations (F =226.231,1300.636,4325.139 for berberine at 25,50 and 100 mg/L respectively,all P＜ 0.001).Immunofluorescence staining indicated that the fluorescence intensity of Bax was enhanced,while that of Bcl-2 was weakened after berberine treatment.Conclusions Berberine inhibits the growth of A431 cells in a dose-and timedependent manner,and may induce the apoptosis of A431 cells via regulating the expressions of Bax and Bcl-2.

OBJECTIVE:To study the percutaneous absorption of 0.03% Tacrolimus ointment,and to compare the difference of domestic test preparation and imported reference preparation. METHODS:Modified Franz diffusion cells were adopted in trans-dermal test in vitro;HPLC-MS method was used to determine permeation amount and rate in vitro,delay time of domestic test preparation and imported reference preparation 0.03%Tacrolimus ointment. RESULTS:24 h in vitro permeation amount of test and reference preparations were(3 907±1 191)and(3 896±1 064)ng/cm2;permeation rates were 186.7 and 182.9 ng/(cm2·h);de-lay time were 1.95 and 2.00 h,respectively(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Test preparation shows good percutaneous property,and is similar to reference preparation in penetration absorbency through nude mice skin.

The Longhua Zhang's internal medicine,the famous clinical inheritance of Chinese medical schools in Shanghai,was well-known by their expert skills and high medical ethics during 370 years.This paper introduces the family origin and its academic characteristic.By studying the Shanghai local chronicles and the Longhua Zhang's genealogy,we learn how they innovating and improving the school.

Aim To optimize the traditional method of right catheterization in rats and establish a rapid , stable and reliable method of the right heart catheter guided intubation to measure pulmonary artery pressure. Methods Nighty male wistar rats were used to optimize the method of detection of pulmonary arte-rial pressure. Three catheter namely PE50, PU I, and PU II were used for choosing the best intubation. The new technology of right catheterization was established and used for the research of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Results The PU I catheter was obviously better than PE50 and PU II catheter in the success rate and measurement time ( P <0. 05 ) . The method of right heart catheter guided intubation was significantly superior to the traditional right heart direct intubation (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01). After improving the right catheterization, the detection of hemo-dynamic indexes in PAH-model rat was successful with regular pressure curve and reliable experimental data. Conclusions The right heart catheter guided intubation method has a high suc-cess rate and it can detect the pulmonary artery pressure quick-ly, easily, and can help other researchers to complete experi-ment as efficiently as possible.

Objective To optimize purification technology of total flavonoids in Callicarpa nudiflora Hook. et Arm. by macroporous adsorption resin. Methods Macroporous resin models including AB-8, D-101, HP-20, HP2MG, were optimized by static adsorption and desorption experiments regarding to adsorption rate and desorption rate of total flavonoids. Purification technology parameters of total flavonoids were optimized by single factor test. Results HP-20 macroporous resin presented the best purification efficiency,the optimum purification conditions were that taking 4. 46 mg·mL-1 of total flavonoidsat pH 3. 0, loading at 3 BV·h-1, washed with 3BV of water at 3 BV·h-1,then eluted with 4 BV 75% ethanol at 2 BV·h-1, finally obtaining the total flavonoids from the dry extract of Callicarpa nudiflora Hook. et Arn. with the purity of 47. 4%. Conclusion HP-20 macroporous resin is suitable for preliminary purification of total flavonoids in Callicarpa nudiflora Hook. et Arn.

Objective:To investigate the current status of emotion regulation self-efficacy and self-esteem,to explore the influencing factors and the correlation among middle school students,thus to provide reference for mental health education to schools.Methods:A sample of 995 junior middle school students was selected from 2 middle schools in Yanta District,Xi'an City.A questionnaire survey was conducted using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and Emotion Regulation Self-Efficacy Scale.Data was analyzed using SPSS 22.0 software.Results:Both self-esteem (29.2 ± 4.7) and emotional regulation self-efficacy (44.1 ± 8.8) were at the medium level.The influence factors of self-esteem included academic performance,mother's education level,whether parents quarrel,and personality type (P ＜ 0.05),while the influencing factors of self-efficacy included academic performance,mother's education level,whether parents quarrel,and personality type,study and living type (P ＜0.05).Self-esteem and emotion regulation self-efficacy was positively correlated (r =0.412,P ＜0.05).Conclusion:The overall level of self-esteem and emotion regulation self-efficacy of middle school students is not high.Academic performance,mother's educational level,whether parents quarrel,personality type affect self-esteem and emotion regulation self-efficacy at the same time,which should not been ignored in mental health education.

BACKGROUND:Restenosis after angioplasty severely limited the application and long-period therapeutic effects of percutaneous coronary intervention. Changes in smooth muscle cel phenotype and their proliferation are important mechanisms of restenosis after angioplasty.
OBJECTIVE:To use bal oon in vivo transduction of osteopontin short hairpin RNA (OPN-shRNA), to inhibit osteopontin expression at the injured blood vessels of a rabbit model of experimental atherosclerosis, and to prevent restenosis after angioplasty.
METHODS:A total of 20 rabbit models of atherosclerosis were established and randomly equal y assigned to empty plasmid group and OPN-shRNA plasmid group. The plasmid recombinant OPN-shRNA and empty plasmid were transferred to the ventral aorta by bal oon.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After bal oon dilatation, specific green fluorescence was detected in the layer of vascular smooth muscle in the two groups. Moreover, with prolonged time of transfection, fluorescence intensity gradual y decreased. Compared with the empty plasmid group, the expanded artery lumen area obviously increased in the OPN-shRNA plasmid group, and plaque burden evidently reduced. Results indicated that bal oon catheter used in regional blood vessels in rabbit models of atherosclerosis could successful y transduce OPN-shRNA plasmid. The restenosis of the expanded blood vessels lessened, and thrombus burden relieved. It is of great importance to prevent the occurrence of restenosis after angioplasty in rabbit models.