Objective To examine the role of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase(JNK) 1 in cytolytic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses against virus infection.Methods Wild-type (WT) and JNK1-knockout (JNK1-/-) mice were infected with ectromelia virus(ECTV) through hind footpads.Survival and virus titers in the target organs (liver and spleen) were analyzed.Effector T cells in the spleen and popliteal lymph nodes were determined on day 3 and 7 post-infection.Proliferation and INF-γ production of CTL were also detected.Results JNK1 deficiency caused an increased susceptibility to ECTV infection in mice,indicated by higher case fatality and viral burden in target organs.The decrease in CTL response correlated with a defect in CTL proliferation and INF-γproduction.Conclusion The data suggest that JNK1 is involved in expansion of activated CTL during ECTV infection,and plays an important antiviral role in regulating the proliferation and effector function of CTL.

Objective:To evaluate the effects of several kinds of surface treatment methods on the bond strength of zirconia prosthesis,and to provide references for improving the bond strength of zirconia prosthesis.Methods:Sixty zirconia blocks(10 mm×10 mm×2 mm) were divided into 6 groups according to the surface treatment methods:sandblasting,silica coating,Z-PRIME Plus,sandblasting+Z-PRIME Plus,sandblasting+silica coating,and silica coating+Z-PRIME Plus groups.The zirconia-resin specimens were fabricated using ScotchbondTM Universal;shear bond test was performed to detect the shear bond strength after treated with water storage(37℃) for 24 h by universal mechanical testing mechine;the fracture types were observed by stereoscopic microscope.One fracture specimen was randomly chosen from each group,and the morphology of the specimen was examined under scanning electron microscope.Results:The shear bond strength of the specimen in Z-PRIME Plus group was higher than those in the other groups(P<0.05).The adhesive failure was predominantly observed in sandblasting,silica coating,sandblasting+silica coating and silica coating+Z-PRIME Plus groups.There were 4 cases of mixed failure in Z-PRIME Plus group and there were 8 cases of mixed failure in sandblasting+Z-PRIME group.No cohesive failure was observed in all the groups.The scanning electron microscope results showed that the fracture surface occurred on the resin-zirconia interface of the specimens in sandblasting group,Z-PRIME Plus group,and sandblasting+Z-PRIME Plus group.The silica-zirconia fracture of specimens occurred in silica coating group and silica coating+Z-PRIME Plus group.The silica-resin interface fracture of specimens partially occurred in sandblasting+silica coating group.Conclusion:The application of Z-PRIME Plus can significantly improve the bond strength between zirconia and resin.

OBJECTIVE To study the existence of the ?-lactamase gene produced by multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from respiratory tract. METHODS Antimicrobial susceptibility was tested by K-B method. A modified three-dimensional test was used to detect the ?-lactamase phenotypes. The genotypes were analyzed by PCR amplification and product sequencing. RESULTS ?-Lactamases were detected in 29 out of the 46 isolates. Twenty-one isolates produced AmpC ?-lactamase,two of them harboring CARB-3 gene. Two isolates produced ESBLs harbored TEM gene. Six isolates produced other type of ?-lactamases. Four out of 6 harbored CARB-3 gene and three IMP gene. The oprD2 gene was deleted in 34 isolates. CONCLUSIONS Chromosomal-mediated AmpC ?-lactamase is the major ?-lactamases produced by multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa and CARB-3 is second. Lack oprD2 gene is popular.

Based on the theory of the rise and fall of qi-blood in meridians, Professor GAO Yu-chun harmonizes the qi-blood and yin-yang for diagnosis and treatment of hypertersion from liver, spleen and kidney. With reference of the academic idea of“Preventive Acupuncture”, he investigated the qi and blood, treated diseases in the upper part by managing the lower part, pay attention to the syndrome differentiation of excess and deficiency, the different of acupoint property, and the treatment of acupuncture or moxibustion. Thus, through balancing yin and yang, the qi and blood are regulated to reach the therapeutic aim of“yin and yang in equilibrium”.

Objective To observe the effect of ulinastatin on the expression of interleukin 15 (IL-15), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in rat peritoneal mesothelial cells (RPMCs) induced by high glucose. Methods RPMCs were isolated, cultured and passaged by trypsin, then identified. The third generation of cultured RPMCs were used in the experiment. RPMCs were divided into normal control group, high glucose (1.5%, 2.5%, 4.25%) for 6 hours and 12 hours, high glucose (2.5%) for 3, 6, 12, 24 hours or ulinastatin (160, 320, 640U/ml) for 12 hours. IL-15 mRNA was detected by real-time PCR. IL-15 and CTGF protein in supernatants was detected by ELISA. MDA protein was detected by TBAS. Results Compared with the control group, the expression of IL-15, CTGF and MDA was significantly increased in the groups stimulated by high glucose (P＜0.05) in dose- and time-dependent manner. Ulinastatin could significantly decrease the expression of IL-15, CTGF and MDA induced by high glucose in dosedependent manner both in protein and gene levels (P＜0.05). Conclusions High glucose can up-regulate the expression of IL-15, CTGF and MDA in RPMCs. Ulinastatin can reverse these changes.

Objective To explore the clinical effect of continuous infusion of dopamine and furosemide on elderly patients with refractory heart failure.Methods 76 elderly patients with heart failure were selected as the observation subjects,they were randomly divided into observation group and control group,38 cases in each group.The control group was given oxygen inhalation,the expansion of vascular,cardiac and other conventional treatment.The observation group was given conventional treatment and continuous infusion of dopamine and furosemide.Clinical efficacy and cardiac function improvement were compared between the two groups.Restlts The effective rate of observation group was 92.1％,which was higher than that of the control group (73.7％) (x2 =10.29,P ＜ 0.05).After treatment,the improvement of cardiac function between the two groups had significant difference (t =15.94,10.18,all P ＜0.05).Conclusion Continuous infusion of dopamine and furosemide in treatment of elderly patients with refractory heart failure could improve heart function,enhance curative effect.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of linezolid in empirical treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus (MRS) pneumonia. Methods One hundred and thirty-five hospitalized patients with MSR pneumonia receiving linezolid from April 2009 to October 2010 were enrolled in this retrospective cohort study, and all subjects were assigned to two groups: 75 cases with empirical treatment (linezolid 0. 6 g by infusion q12h at admission) , and 60 cases with objective treatment (linezolid after the sputum culture). The severity score, clinical effect and adverse effect were observed, and the therapeutic effects in patients with high risk factors were especially evaluated. SPSS13.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results The scores were decreased significantly after finishing therapeutic causes for 3 and 7 days in both groups (tempirical =12.29 and 16.53, tobjective =9.36 and 11.49, P<0. 05). There were significant differences in severity scores after 3 and 7 days between empirical and objective treatment groups (t =2. 64 and 3. 08, P < 0. 01). There were significant differences in absorption time, length of ICU and total hospital stay between two groups (t =6. 61 , 4. 39 and 10. 25, P <0. 05). In empirical and objective group, the effective rates were 88.0% (66/75) and 83.3% (50/60) (x2 = 0.60, P > 0.05 ). In the patients with high risk factors, the effective rates of two groups were 86. 8% (33/38) and 63. 6% (14/22) , and the difference was significant (x2 =4.42, P<0.05). The rate of adverse effects were 6.7% (5/75) in empirical group and 5.0% (3/60) in objective group, and the difference was not significant (x2 =0. 17, P > 0. 05). Conclusion Linezolid can be used as empirical treatment for MRS pneumonia with rapid symptoms relieve and high efficacy, especially for patients with high risk.

Objective To explore the effect of combination therapy of aminoglycosides with other antibiotics on reducing the mutant selective window of Acinetobacter baumannii. Methods Three aminoglycoside antibiotics (amikacin, tobramycin, netilmicin)and four frequently used antibiotics against Acinetobacter baumannii in clinical practice (cefoperazone-sulbactam, imipenem-cilastatin,ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin)were studied.The minimum inhibitory concentrations of these antibiotics against Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC1 9606 were determined by E-test.The mutant prevention concentrations of the four antibiotics against Acinetobacter baumannii alone or in combination with aminoglycosides were determined by agar dilution method.The selective index was calculated. The effect of aminoglycosides on mutant selective window of Acinetobacter baumannii was evaluated according to the change of selective index after combination. Results The selective index of cefoperazone-sulbactam,imipenem-cilastatin,ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin against A.baumannii ATCC19606 was 16,>32, 16 and 32.When combined with amikacin,the selective index was 1,2,4 and 4,respectively.When combined with tobramycin,the index was 2,2,8 and 8,respectively.When combined with netilmicin,the index was 2,4,8 and 16, respectively. Conclusions The mutant prevention concentration of the four antibiotics against Acinetobacter baumannii is significantly reduced when combined with any of the three aminoglycosides,which is helpful to decrease the incidence of mutants and control resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. Amikacin-based combination shows the most evident effect on reducing the mutant selective window of Acinetobacterbaumannii.

Objective To explore the clinical phenotype of 22q11.2 deletion syndrome with imperforate anus. Methods The clinical diagnosis and treatment of one case of 22q11.2 deletion syndrome complicated with anal atresia were retrospectively analyzed. Gene and phenotype of this disease were analyzed, and the related literature was reviewed. Results An elder male test tube infant of twins, born to a G2P2 mother were found to have special facial features, cleft palate, congenital heart disease, and imperforate anus after birth. A genome-wide microarray scan revealed 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. In related literatures, 22q11.2 deletion syndrome could be affected by TBX1 gene, histone modification, Ranbp1 gene, and even microRNA; while imperforate anus were influenced by multiple elements such as genetic, maternal, and environmental factors and multiple embryonic developments related genes could be involved in its pathogenesis. Conclusions Congenital imperforate anus and 22q11.2 deletion syndrome are mostly sporadic cases in epidemiology and are incidental accidents in development. Whether there is a common interaction factor between them needs to be further studied and defined.

Objective To observe and contrast the effects of dexmedetomidine and ketamine on the restlessness and analgesia during recovery period of anesthesia after tonsillectomy in children. Methods Sixty ASA Ⅰ-Ⅱ child patients underwent tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy were randomly divided into three groups, group P (appropriate amount of placebo was given in the operation), group D (dexmedetomidine) and group K (ketamine). Data of mean arterial pressure and heart rate of three groups were documented before anesthesia (T0), during extubation (T1), 5 min (T2), 10 min (T3), 15 min (T4) and 30 min (T5) after extubation were recorded. The analepsia time, adverse reactions, restlessness score and pain score were collected in three groups of patients. Results Compared with group P, values of mean arterial pressure and heart rate were more stable at T1, T2 and T3 in groups D and K (P<0.05). The restlessness score, incidence of restlessness and adverse reactions were lower in groups D and K than those in group P (P<0.05), and which were lower in group D than those of group K (P<0.05). Conclusion Both dexmedetomidine and ketamine can play an analgesic role in recovery period of anesthesia and reduce restlessness, adverse reactions and pain score in child patients. Moreover, dexmedetomidine is more effective on inhibiting restlessness and adverse reactions.