Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are important structural fatty acids of biological membrane. They play important roles in regulation of lipid metabolism,stimulation of growth and development,protection a gainst cancer,retardation of aging,immuno-regulation, cardiovascular health,and bodymass loss. In recent years, researchers have found t hat ω-6 PUFAs can promote tumor angiogenesis,while ω-3 PUFAs have the properties of inhibiting tumor angiogenesis. This review focuses on the effects of these two types of fatty acids on tumors,especially on the regulation of tumor angiogenesis.

10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.23.013

Objective To explore the change of proportion of peripheral blood dendritic cells (DCs) in patients with stroke. Methods 56 patients (30 cases of cerebral infarction and 26 cases of cerebral hemorrhage) in Beijing Bo'ai hospital from June to September, 2014 and 14 healthy controls were investigated. The severity of stroke was assessed with the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). Flow cy-tometry analysis was employed to detect the proportion of DCs subtypes in the peripheral blood. Results No obvious difference was found in DCs between the stroke patients and the controls. Compared to the control group, the percentages of peripheral blood myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs) decreased in the cerebral hemorrhage and the cerebral infarction subgroups (P<0.001). The percentages of plasmacytoid den-dritic cells (pDCs) reduced significantly in the cerebral hemorrhage and the cerebral infarction subgroups (P<0.05). The stroke patients were divided into NIHSS≤7 subgroup and NIHSS>7 subgroup. The percentages of pDCs in the cerebral hemorrhage and the cerebral infarction patients were significantly lower in the NIHSS>7 subgroup than in the NIHSS≤7 subgroup (P<0.05). While there was no statistical differ-ence between NIHSS≤7 subgroups and NIHSS>7 subgroups in the percentages of mDCs in the cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral infarction patients. Conclusion The proportion of DCs subtypes in the peripheral blood in stroke patients changed significantly, indicating inflamma-tion responds play a role in stroke.

Objective:Extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal(ECCO 2R) is a technique that aims to decarboxylate the blood and thus to correct hypercapnia and respiratory acidosis in acute respiratory failure, but is rarely used in children.We successfully completed the ECCO 2R treatment for a pediatric case with adenovirus pneumonia, severe acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS) and hypercapnia in PICU, which provided clinical references for the use of ECCO 2R in acute respiratory failure for children. Methods:A patient with adenovirus pneumonia and severe ARDS was successfully treated with ECCO 2R-continuous renal replacement therapy(CRRT)combined system after weaning from extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO). We reported the treatment process, ECCO 2R treatment effect and side effects, so as to provide clinical reference for ECCO 2R treatment of children with ARDS. Results:One-year and four-month-old boy was treated with mechanical ventilation and venous-arterial ECMO due to adenovirus pneumonia and severe ARDS.After ECMO treatment for 25 days, he developed severe hypercapnia after weaning from ECMO.ECCO 2R was initiated.The pH value increased by 11.2%(from 7.222 to 7.303) 1 hour after ECCO 2R treatment, partial pressure of blood carbon dioxide(PCO 2)decreased by 29.1%(from 72.6 mmHg to 51.5 mmHg, 1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) and the average airway pressure of high-frequency ventilation decreased by 5 cmH 2O(from 20 cmH 2O to 15 cmH 2O, 1 cmH 2O=0.098 kPa) after 6 hours of ECCO 2R.The CO 2 removal rate of ECCO 2R system was 29.1 mL/min.It was stopped because of ECCO 2R-membrane clotting after 72 h. There was no increase of PCO 2.Extubation was successfully after undergoing invasive mechanical ventilation for 39 days and with noninvasive ventilation for 5 days.The boy was hospitalized in PICU for 54 days, improved and discharged from the hospital.Followed up for 2 years after discharge, the growth and development were good, but the strenuous exercise endurance was still poor. Conclusion:ECCO 2R is effective in improving gas exchange, reducing PCO 2 and lowering ventilator pressure in children with ARDS and hypercapnia, which allow more protective ventilation.ECCO 2R provide transitional treatment for ECMO weaning and provide meaningful clinical reference for the use of ECCO 2R as part of respiratory support in children with respiratory failure.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of Compound danshen tablet s o n improving the blood lipid levels and the mechanism of protecting renal functions in hyperlipidemia model rats. METHODS Sixty male SD rats were divided into normal group，model group ，simvastatin combined with （2S）-N-[N-（3，5-difluorophenylacetyl）-L-alanyl]-2-phenylglycine tert butyl （DAPT）group and low-dose ，medium-dose and high-dose groups of Compound danshen tablets ，with 10 rats in each group. Rats in the normal group received routine diet. The other 5 groups were intraperitoneally injected with 75％ yolk emulsion 10 mL/kg， fasting and drinking freely. After 16 h，they were fed high-fat diet for 4 weeks. Simvastatin combined with DAPT group was given simvastatin 0.002 g/kg and DAPT 0.012 g/kg at the same time of modeling. The low-dose ，medium-dose and high-dose groups of Compound danshen tablets were given Compound danshen tablets 0.25，0.5 and 1 g/kg respectively at the same time of modeling ， the normal group and model group were given equal volume of distilled water ，once a day ，for 4 weeks. The serum levels of total cholesterol（TC），triglyceride（TG），creatinine（Cr）and urea nitrogen （BUN）in serum were detected by biochemical method ； kidney coefficient of rats was calculated ；histopathological changes of rat kidney were observed by HE staining ，and the renal injury was scored according to the degree of renal tubular injury and glomerular sclerosis in renal cortex ；expression levels of Notch signal receptor 1（Notch 1），Notch signal ligand 1（Jagged1）and hairy division associated enhancer 1（Hes1）in kidney were detected by immunohistochemistry ；mRNA expressions of Notch 1，Jagged1 and Hes 1 in renal tissue were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Compared with normal group ，the serum levels of TG ， TC，Cr and BUN were increased significantly in model group （P＜0.05）；renal coefficient increased significantly （P＜0.05）； pathological changes occurred in renal tissue ，and the scores of renal tubular injury and glomerular sclerosis increased significantly （P＜0.05）；protein and mRNA expressions of Notch1， Jagged1， Hes1 in renal tissue were increased significantly（P＜0.05）. Compared with model group ，serum levels of TG ，TC，Cr and BUN ，renal coefficient ，the scores of renal tubular injury and glomerular sclerosis ，protein and mRNA expression of Notch 1，Jagged1 and Hes 1 in renal tissue were all decreased in low-dose ，medium-dose and high-dose groups of Compound danshen tablets （P＜0.05），and most indexes showed a dose-dependent trend ；the degree of renal lesions was reduced. CONCLUSIONS Compound danshen tablets possess obvious hypolipidemic effect ，and can protect the renal function of hyperlipidemia model rats by down-regulating Notch 1/Jagged1 signal pathway.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of total glucosides of paeony （TGP） on enhancing efficacy and reducing toxicity of Tripterygium wilfordii polyglycoside （TWP） in the treatment of eczema. METHODS Totally 50 SD male rats were collected to establish eczema model by sensitizing with 2，4-dinitrofluorobenzene-acetone olive oil solution （volume ratio was 4∶1） on the abdominal area and provoking on the back and ear. Model rats were randomly divided into model group， loratadine group （0.9 mg/kg）， TWP group （9.45 mg/kg）， TGP group （162 mg/kg） and compatibility group （TWP 9.45 mg/kg+TGP 162 mg/kg）， with 10 rats in each group. Other 10 rats were collected to set as normal group. Three days after the first sensitization， administration groups were given relevant medicine intragastrically， and normal group and model group were given constant volume of 0.1% CMC-Na solution intragastrically， once a day， for consecutive 21 d. Twenty-four hours later after the final administration， the general condition of rats in each group was observed， and the eczema area and severity index （EASI） were scored； ear swelling degree of rats was measured， and the skinhistomorphology observation and pathological score were performed； protein expressions of p38 mitogen-activated 13938427612@126.com protein kinase （p38 MAPK）， phosphorylated p38 MAPK （p- MAPK） and phosphorylation level of p38 MAPK in rat skin tissue were detected； the levels of inflammatory indexes （interleukin-4， interferon- γ）， liver and kidney function indexes [glutamic-pyruvic transaminase （GPT）， glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase （GOT）， serum creatinine （SCr） and blood urea nitrogen （BUN）] and oxidant stress indexes [total superoxide dismutase （T-SOD） and malondialdehyde （MDA）] were measured. RESULTS Compared with normal group， EASI score， ear swelling degree， pathological score， protein expressions of p38 MAPK and p-p38 MAPK， phosphorylation level of p38 MAPK， the levels of inflammatory indexes and BUN were all increased significantly in model group （P＜0.05）. Compared with model group， EASI scores， ear swelling degree， pathological scores， protein expressions of p38 MAPK and p-p38 MAPK， phosphorylation levels of p38 MAPK and levels of inflammatory indexes were all improved significantly in administration groups （P＜0.05）. The levels of GPT， GOT， SCr and BUN were increased significantly in TWP group， while the serum levels of GOT and SCr in TGP group and serum level of SCr in loratadine group were all decreased significantly （P＜0.05）. The levels of T-SOD in liver and kidney tissue were all decreased significantly in TWP group and compatibility group， while the levels of MDA were increased significantly （P＜0.05）. The compatibility group showed more obvious effect in improving the ear swelling degree， pathological score， p38 MAPK expression and its phosphorylation level and levels of inflammatory indexes， and could reverse the abnormality of liver and kidney indexes caused by TWP （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS The combination of TGP and TWP has the effects of anti-inflammatory， synergistic and hepatorenal detoxification in eczema model rats. Its mechanism may be associated with down-regulating the expression of serum proinflammatory indexes and inhibiting the activation of p38 MAPK pathway.

【Objective】 To study the annual financial expenditure in blood stations with different scales, and to establish the regression equation between blood collection units and total expenditure. 【Methods】 The annual total expenditure, the per capita cost of serving population, as well as the collection units of whole blood and apheresis platelet of 24 blood stations were collected. The financial expenditure required for collecting 10 000U blood was calculated.The statistical analysis was carried out with SPSS statistical software. 【Results】 From 2017 to 2020, the total annual financial expenditure of 24 blood stations showed an upward trend. The total expenditure among blood stations was different. The per capita cost of servicing population in the areas where the 24 blood stations were located had been increasing year by year. The 24 blood stations were divided into two grades according to the blood collection volume as 50 000 U, and the relationship equation between the blood collection volume and the annual total expenditure had been established. After testing, each equation was effective(P<0.05); There was no difference in the financial expenditure required for collecting 10 000U blood among blood stations with different scales. 【Conclusion】 From 2017 to 2020, the blood stations with an annual collection volume more than 50 000 U demonstrated a higher financial expenditure and the per capita cost of serving population than those <50 000 U. The blood collection volume of blood stations is significantly correlated with the annual total expenditure and the per capita cost of serving population.

Objective: To analyze the longitudinal change of serum total cholesterol concentration in 733 rural residents in Shanxi province. Methods: Based on the residents of five rural areas in Shanxi province who participated in China nutrition and health survey in 2002, a follow-up survey was conducted in 2015. Fasting venous blood of the participants was collected and serum TC concentration was tested by cholesterol oxidase method. Results: Of 733 participants, 332 were male and 401 were female. In 2002 baseline survey, the age of the participants was (42.6±9.5) years old, 76.2% of male and 83.8% of female had junior middle school education or below. Proportion of smoking were 65.7% and 1.2%, drinking were 26.8% and 4.0%, obesity were 6.3% and 12.0%, and central obesity were 27.1% and 31.9%, respectively in male and female. The follow-up age of participants in 2015 was (55.8±9.5) years old, proportion of smoking changed to 48.2% and 1.5%, drinking were 49.7% and 3.0%, obesity increased to 11.8% and 18.2% and central obesity increased to 41.6% and 53.6%, respectively in male and female. The overall serum TC level increased from (3.82±0.89) mmol/L to (4.72±0.97) mmol/L with an average increase of 27.2%, which increased from (3.84±0.94) mmol/L to (4.54±0.93) mmol/L in male with an average increase of 22.7%, and increased from (3.81±0.84) mmol/L to (4.86±0.98) mmol/L in female with an average increase of 30.9%. The serum TC levels in 18-, 30-, 40-, and 50-59 years old group increased from (3.42±0.83), (3.72±0.77), (3.90±0.83) and (4.00±1.03) mmol/L to (4.38±1.01), (4.79±0.92), (4.73±0.99) and (4.76±0.96) mmol/L, with average increase range of 31.4%, 32.1%, 25.2% and 22.6%, respectively. The mean serum TC levels between two years all had statistically significant difference among groups of gender, age, education, marital status, family history of cardiovascular disease, smoking, drinking, BMI and waist circumference after paired t-test and ANOVA analysis (P<0.01). Conclusion The longitudinal serum TC level of rural residents in Shanxi province increased rapidly.

ObjectiveTo explore the effect of Buzhong Yiqitang on the immune imbalance of helper T cell 17 （Th17）/regulatory T cell （Treg） and Notch1 signaling pathway in mice with autoimmune thyroiditis （AIT）. MethodA total of 60 8-week-old NOD.H-2^h4 mice were randomly divided into the normal group， model group， western medicine group （selenium yeast tablet， 32.5 mg·kg^-1）， and low-dose （4.78 g·kg^-1·d^-1）， middle-dose （9.56 g·kg^-1·d^-1）， and high-dose （19 g·kg^-1·d^-1） Buzhong Yiqitang groups， with 10 mice in each group. The normal group was fed with distilled water， and the other groups were fed with water containing 0.05% sodium iodide for eight weeks. After the animal model of AIT was formed spontaneously， the mice were killed under anesthesia after intragastric administration for eight weeks. Serum anti-thyroglobulin antibodies （TGAb）， thyroid-stimulating hormone （TSH）， free triiodothyronine （FT3）， and free thyroid hormone （FT4） were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）， and thyroid tissue changes were observed by hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining. The mRNA and protein expressions of retinoid-related orphan receptor-γt （RORγt）， interleukin （IL）-17， forkhead box P3 （FoxP3）， IL-10， Notch1， and hair division-related enhancer 1 （Hes1） in thyroid tissue were detected by Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） and Western blot， respectively. ResultCompared with the normal group， the thyroid structure of the model group was severely damaged， and lymphocytes were infiltrated obviously. The levels of serum TGAb， FT3， and FT4 contents were significantly increased， and TSH content was significantly decreased （P<0.01）. The mRNA and protein expression levels of RORγt， IL-17， Notch1， and Hes1 were significantly increased， while those of FoxP3 and IL10 were significantly decreased in the model group （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， thyroid structural damage and lymphocyte infiltration were improved in the treatment groups， and serum TGAb， FT3， and FT4 contents were significantly decreased. TSH content was increased， and mRNA and protein expression levels of RORγt， IL-17， Notch1， and Hes1 were decreased. mRNA and protein expression levels of FoxP3 and IL-10 were increased to different degrees （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and the middle-dose Buzhong Yiqitang group had the most significant intervention effect. ConclusionBuzhong Yiqitang can alleviate the thyroid structural damage in AIT mice， and its mechanism may be related to improving the abnormal differentiation of Th17/Treg immune cells and inhibiting the activation of the Notch1 signaling pathway.

Objective: To explore the association between dietary pattern which benefit for normal kidney function and the risk of cognitive decline or impairment in the elderly. Methods: In 2015, subjects aged 60 and over from four counties in the Nutrition and Chronic Disease Family Cohort project, were followed up in 2017. Cognitive function was repeatedly assessed, using the Mini Mental State Evaluation (MMSE) scale. Dietary pattern that benefit for normal kidney function was extracted, using the reduced rank regression method and followed by logistic regression models to explore the associations between scores that showing the kidney function on dietary patterns and the risk of cognitive deterioration and impairment in two years among those who were with normal cognition in 2015. Results: Dietary pattern that benefit for normal kidney function, was characterized by high consumption of cereal, vegetables, legume and fruits but with less meat and soy products. Comparing with the group with lowest score quartile on this dietary pattern, the risk of cognitive deterioration in the highest quartile group was significantly low (P<0.01) in two years, with an odds ratio as 0.57 (95%CI: 0.37-0.85). Linear trend was also obviously visible (P=0.007) in this group. The ones at the highest quartile group among the normal cognition ones in 2015, the risk of cognitive impairment also significantly reduced (P<0.05) in two years time, with an odds ratio as 0.52 (95%CI: 0.29-0.93). Also, linear trend could obviously be seen (P=0.01). Conclusion Dietary pattern that benefit for normal kidney function was both inversely associated with cognitive deterioration and impairment, in two years.