Objective To establish a new renal cancer cell line so as to provide an useful tool for the basic research of renal cancer. Methods A renal tumor specimen sized 1.0 cm?1.0 cm was excised and inoculated subcutaneously into the right posterior leg of three nude mice.After three passages in the nude mouse,the tumor tissue was cultured in vitro. Following the reference, the identification of cell line were fulfilled. Results Two of the transplanted tumors grew in the nude mice and then part of the tumor was cut and inoculated again into nude mouse for another two generations. The tissue cultured in vitro was followed and finally a stable growth renal carcinoma cell line was established without change of morphological structure and differentiation. The mode rage of chromosome has been 62～68 (75%) and the cycle analysis showed G1 63.8%, G2 11.4% and S1 24.8%.The doubling time has been 37.7 hours.The tumor cell can secrete IL 6 continuously. Conclusions The renal carcinoma cell line RCC 9863 was identical to the primary cancer cell in biological characteristics.It has been cultured in vitro continually for more than one year with its characteristics remained.So,RCC 9863 is considered to be a stable cell line.

Objective To establish a SOI model of human renal carcinoma and a high metastatic cell subline. Methods A human renal cell line RCC-9863 has been established by inoculating a human renal tumor tissue into nude mice s.c..When RCC-9863 passaged for 20 times,the tissue from the same xenotransplant tumor were used to construct SOI model.Cultured the metastatic tissue in vitro,the tumor cell suspension was then injected orthotopically.The metastatic tissue obtained underwent the same procedure again.At last,the metastatic tumor was cultured in vitro and cloned. Results 15 days later, a tumor mass sized 1.7 cm?0.6 cm in the nude mouse's renal parenchyma was grown which lobulated,rude,and with multiply blood vessels and 55 days later the mouse became moribund and metastases in the lungs were formed.The transplanted renal tumor in the SOI model grew fast and invasively and metastasized to lungs,lymphatic node and liver.A subline,MRCC,with metastatic ability to the lung was selected.Compared with RCC-9863,MRCC has the characteristics of shorter multiply time and higher agar clone forming rate(P

OBJECTIVE To analyze the occurring characteristic and curing measures of hospital infection for inpatients in the departments of neurology.METHODS The data of hospital infection for the medical records of 22 936 inpatients with disease in the departments of neurology of 40 hospitals in Anhui from Jan 2005 to Mar 2006 were analyzed.RESULTS Among all inpatients 1 011 were infected.The rate of infection was 4.41%.The infection distribution is described as follows:640 patients were infected in respiratory tract(63.30%);181 patients in urinary tract(17.90%),84 patients in gastrointestinal tract(8.31%);and 16 patients were in cutis tissue(1.58%).CONCLUSIONS Through performing aseptic manipulation strictly,curing underlying diseases,paying attention to aseptic manipulation and making the rational use of antimicrobial agents,the infection rate could be lowered.

Objective To evaluate the correlation between osteophytes size and lower limb alignment in the knees of patients with Kaschin-Beck disease (KBD).Methods A total of 300 clinically diagnosed patients with KBD were X-rayed on knee-joints which ranged from the distal half of femur to proximal half of tibia.Meanwhile some related parameters in the X film with the anteroposterior position (including osteophytes length,femorotibial angle,femorotibial joint space ratio of inner side to outer side) were measured by DICOM 2.0,a software of medical graphic measuring,then followed by calculating the osteophyte spur index.The association between femorotibial angle,femorotibial joint space ratio and osteophytes spur index was evaluated by Pearson correlation test.Results The average of femorotibial angle of all the tested knee-joints was (165.97 ± 4.02)°,which positively correlated with both the osteophyte spur index of the medial femoral condyle [(6.54 ± 3.12)％,correlation coefficient (r) =0.524,P＜0.01] and the osteophyte spur index of medial tibil plateau [(7.14 ± 3.40)％,r =0.578,P ＜0.01].The femorotibial joint space ratio was 0.61 ± 0.13,which positively correlated with both the osteophyte spur index of medial femoral condyle (r =0.531,P ＜0.01) and that of the medial tibil plateau (r =0.563,P ＜0.01).Conclusions The results of this study indicate that there is a positive correlation between lower limb alignment and osteophyte size of both the medial femoral condyle and the medial tibial plateau.This finding may be evidenced by the fact that the changes of lower limb biomechanics may contribute to formation and development of osteophytes in the kneejoint.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the surgical site infection(SSI)in clean surgical sites and the perioperative antibiotic usage.METHODS The incidence of SSI and the antibiotics usages in 842 cases during perioperative were analyzed retrospectively in 32 hospitals.RESULTS One case with nosocomial infection was found(0.12%).The use rate of antibiotics was 98.57%.Among 802 cases using prophylactic antibiotics,the antibiotics were given in 181 cases thirty minutes to two hours before operation.136 cases were given 24 h before operation.And 485 cases were given after operation;195 cases stopped using antibiotics after 24 h,472 cases stopped using antibiotics after 4-6 days and 135 cases stopped to use antibiotics after 7 days.CONCLUSIONS The major problem is excessive use of antibiotic in clean surgical site during perioperation,long duration of antibiotics prophylaxis,more expensive antibiotics and unnecessary combination of antibiotics,suggesting that it be important to strengthen the management of antibiotics.

Objective To study the clinical application of laparoscope combined with gastroscope surgery in patients with gastric stromal tumor. Methods The clinical data of 50 patients with gastric stromal tumor were retrospectively analyzed. Among them 20 cases were treated with traditional laparotomy (laparotomy group), and 30 cases were treated with laparoscope combined with gastroscope surgery (combination group). The intraoperative bleeding, operation time, postoperative recovery time, postoperative hospitalization time and complications were compared between 2 groups. Results One case in combination group received open surgery (3.33%, 1/30), mainly because of obesity, and tumor rupture occurred in 1 case during operation. All specimens of the 2 groups had no tumor residue. There were no statistical differences in tumor diameter and operation time between 2 groups (P>0.05); the intraoperative bleeding, postoperative recovery time and postoperative hospitalization time in combination group were significantly lower than those in laparotomy group:(26.33 ± 14.21) ml vs. (42.57 ± 15.67) ml, (37.96 ± 8.80) h vs. (60.14 ± 13.41) h and (6.42 ± 2.80) d vs. (12.04 ± 4.69) d, and there were statistical differences (P<0.05). The 2 groups had no death, stomach bleeding, anastomotic stenosis and anastomotic leakage. The laparotomy group had postoperative incision fat liquefaction in 3 cases and incision infection in 2 cases, and the combination group had pulmonary infection in 1 case. All were cured after symptomatic treatment. Conclusions Laparoscope combined with gastroscope surgery in the treatment of gastric stromal tumors has a short operation time, less blood loss, faster postoperative gastrointestinal function recovery, shorter hospitalization time, and no major complications. It is a more ideal and minimally invasive surgery.

Objective To grasp the epidemic features of Kaschin-Beck disease in different ecotypic areas in Gansu Province,in order to provide ecological basis for Kashin-Beck disease control.Methods Totally 37 counties with Kashin-Beck disease were divided into four ecological areas,villages with historical serious condition in township and townships with historical serious condition in county were investigated.Clinical examination and Xray of right hand of all 7-12-year-old children in the villages were carried out,while investigation of prevention and control measures was performed.Results Among 27 966 children from four ecological areas,the clinical detection rate was 0.05％ (14/27 966) and the X-ray positive rate was 1.26％ (353/27 966),metaphyseal rate was 1.25％ (350/27 966),bone-side positive rate was 0.01％ (3/27 966) and no case of epiphyseal and carpal were discovered.The clinical detection rate in children in the four ecological areas was not statistically significant (x2() =7.757,P ＞0.05),the Loess Plateau-gully region of Longdong [0.09％ (10/11 604)] ＞ the Anyon area of Qinling of Longnan [0.04％ (3/7 969)] ＞ Alpine grassland meadow area of Gannan [0.02％ (1/4 021)] ＞ the Loess Plateau-hills region of Longzhong [0 (0/4 372)].The detected rate of X-ray in four ecological areas was statistically significant (x2 =18.133,P ＜ 0.05),the Anyon area of Qinling of Longnan [1.49％ (119/7 969)] ＞ the Loess Plateau-gully region of Longdong [1.41％ (164/11 604)] ＞ the Loess Plateau-hills region of Longzhong [0.89％ (39/4 372)] ＞ Alpine grassland meadow area of Gannan [0.77％ (31/4 021)].Comprehensive prevention and control measures on Kaschin-Beck disease were different in different ecotypic areas.Relocation,long-distance education and selenium supplement measures had not been implemented in the four ecological areas.Conclusion The epidemic situation of Kaschin-Beck disease is different in different ecotypic areas in Gansu Province,which maybe related to ecological environment,but is under a state of control.

Objective To evaluate the effects of the range and the frequency of the compression load on the accuracy for discerning target stiffness differences in ultrasound elastography.Methods Quantitative ultrasound elastography was achieved by integrating two compression force sensors,a laptop computer and a clinical ultrasound elastographic system.The force sensors and the ultrasound probe were assembled in a 3D printed mounting bracket for continuous monitoring of compression loads during ultrasound elastography. Both the force measurements and the elastographic maps were acquired and displayed on the laptop computer in real time.Four targets of the same diameter(10.4 mm),the same depth (3 cm) and different stiffness levels (8,14,45 and 80 kPa) were examined by a HITACHI preirus,L74M linear-array transducer.Each target was evaluated 45 times with two different method(i.e.,freehand elastography and quantitative elastography),yielding 1 80 evaluations.The data were divided into the following three groups:group Ⅰ(80 kPa vs 45,14 and 8 kPa),group Ⅱ(80,45kPa vs 14,8 kPa)and group Ⅲ(80,45 and 14 kPa vs 8 kPa).Area under ROC curves(AUC)were calculated for different stiffness levels.Results In group Ⅲ, quantitative elastography yielded an greater AUC level than that of freehand elastography(P =0.0379).In group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ,two methods yielded the similar AUC levels (P = 1 .000).However,quantitative elastography was able to discern 8 kPa and 14 kPa targets (P <0.001),while freehand elastography was hard to differentiate them(P =0.258).Conclusions In comparison with freehand elastography,quantitative ultrasound elastography is able to improve the accuracy for discerning different target stiffnesses.

OBJECTIVE:To optimize the ultrasonic extraction technology of salidroside in Rhodiola rosea. METHODS:With the content of salidroside as the index,L16(45)orthogonal test was designed to observe the effects of 4 factors including the mass fraction of ethanol,solid-liquid ratio,extraction time and ultrasonic power on the content of salidroside in R. rosea extraction solu-tion. By using Matlab 6.5 software,mathematical simulation of ultrasonic extraction process of salidroside was made with the data of orthogonal test. Multiple regression analysis method was adopted to optimize the ultrasonic extraction technology of salidroside, and then the extraction result of optimal technology and that of traditional heating reflux technology were compared. RESULTS:The optimal extraction technology of salidroside was as follows as ethanol mass fraction of 77%,solid-liquid ratio of 1∶34 (g∶ml),extraction time of 34 min,ultrasonic power of 237 W(ultrasonic frequency of 40 kHz). Under the above-mentioned condi-tions,the content of salidroside was up to 0.982 4%,close to the predicted value of 0.989 4%. Compared to heating reflux meth-od,the ultrasonic method has similar content of salidroside but extraction time was shortened by 62.2%. CONCLUSIONS:The ul-trasonic extraction method for extracting the salidroside in R. rosea is simple,requires shorter time,and giving rise to higher extrac-tion rate.

Objective To establish a risk assessment model for laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) with segmental renal artery clamping (SRAC).Methods In the first stage,107 patients who underwent LPN with SRAC from December 2009 to September 2011 were retrospectively reviewed.There were 63 men and 44 women,aged from 11-80 years,mean (58.1 ±10.1) years.The blocking program of target arteries was dependent on the experience of the surgeon and CTA.After multiple Logistic regression analysis,variables used to build a nomogram were selected using a backward elimination scheme.Then,a model for a clamping program customized to the patient was designed.In the second stage,the surgical outcomes of 141 patients who subsequently underwent LPN-SRAC with the applied model from October 2011 to June 2014 were compared with those of the first stage patients.There were 84 men and 57 women,aged from 51-75years,mean (59.9 ± 8.6) years.Outcomes of two stages were compared.Results Five potential predictors were initially assessed including segmental renal artery angle,target artery diameter,and distance to the abdominal aorta,renal hilum,and kidney midline.The regression equation was then set up with Logistic regression analysis.Compared with the patients in the first stage,success rate of clamping in the second stage,with the help of the new SRAC model,was improved from 74.8％ (175/234) to 94.2％(227/241) (P ＜ 0.001),the total operative time was decreased from (88.6 ± 10.9) min to (80.2 ±16.6) min (P＜O.001),and operative blood loss was reduced from (198.7 ±111.6) ml to (168.5 ±117.8) ml (P =0.042).No obvious differences were observed in warm ischemia time,postoperative hospitalization,R.E.N.A.L nephrometry score,or number of final clamped branches.Conclusion The model for assuring clamping success was helpful in designing an SRAC program.