Objective To study the effect of Fructus Aurantii Immaturus Decoction on defecating function of constipated mice.Methods Constipation mice models were induced by Compound Diphenoxylate.Defecating effects of Fructus Aurantii Immaturus on normal and constipation mice were observed.Results Middle and high dose of Fructus Aurantii Immaturus decoction could increase impelling rate of small intestine,shorten the time for the first dark stools(P<0.05 or P<0.01).and add the amount of dark stools within 6 hours(P<0.01).Conclusion Fructus Aurantii Immaturus has the functions of loosening bowel to relieve constipation.

Objective To analyze and discuss the clinical effect of the four-hands technique mode of doctor-nurse collaboration in endoscopic sinus surgery. Methods Convenient sampling method was used to select 50 cases of patients with nasal endoscopic surgery who met the inclusion criteria and agreed to participate in this study in the period between January to May in 2016. Designing one side of the nasal cavity of patients with traditional surgery mode, the other side of the nasal cavity to carry out the four-hands operation mode. The operation time and amount of bleeding were recorded. Results The operation time, amount of bleeding of traditionalsingle hand operationside and the other side of four-hands operation respectively were (39.30 ± 21.96) min, (143.86 ± 15.01) ml and (31.60 ± 19.27) min, (102.98 ± 12.85) ml, with significant differences between the two groups (t=2.096, 14.625, P<0.01). Conclusions The four-hands technique of doctor-nurse collaboration can significantly reduce the operation time, reduce the amount of bleeding and get a better surgical field, clinical nurse and doctor′s cooperation is more closely and also improve the quality of patient care.

The regulation of mobile medical devices is one of the hot topics in the industry now. The definition, regulation scope and requirements, potential risks of mobile medical devices were analyzed and discussed based on mobile computing techniques and the FDA guidance of mobile medical applications. The regulation work of mobile medical devices in China needs to adopt the risk-based method.
China ; Equipment and Supplies ; standards ; Mobile Applications ; standards

Objective To perform the main application of MRI arterial spin labeling (ASL) in cerebral blood flow (CBF) on hippocampus of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy for quantitative measurement,to assess the relationship between temporal lobe epilepsy occurrence and hippocampal perfusion and to explore the critical value of hippocampal CBF predict the temporal lobe epilepsy early.Methods Forty-two subjects by video EEG (VEEG) and conventional MR sequences screend were divided into 3 groups eventually,namely group of healthy control,the group with one temporal lobe abnormal discharge,that conventional MRI in hippocampus is not abnormal and the last group with one side hippocampus sclerosis confirmed by conventional MRI in temporal lobe epilepsy patients,then for the hippocampal 3D ASL examination.We provided six same size regions of interest (ROI) in the hippocampal head,body,tail respectively with the best level display to measure and record bilateral hippocampal cerebral blood flow values (CBF values) of every subject,and to explore the relationship between the cerebral blood flow value in the hippocampus and temporal lobe epilepsy.Results Mean cerebral blood flow (CBF) value of each subject's unilateral hippocampus was calculated.The average CBF value of the hippocampus in the healthy control group was 53.82 ± 0.98ml/(100g · min).The average CBF of the hippocampus in epileptic unilateral abnormal discharge group with the ipsilateral and contralateral were 49.12 ± 5.31ml/(100g · min) and 55.99 ± 1.65ml/(100g · min).The average CBF of the hippocampus in epileptic unilateral hippocampal sclerosis group with the ipsilateral and contralateral were 39.57 ± 2.08ml/(100g · min) and 48.06 ± 1.74ml/(100g · min).Then pairwise comparison of the unilateral hippocampal average CBF value among the 3 groups of experimenters in different groups was performed.The results showed that in the eight times,the first six times had statistically significant differences.Comparing between the healthy control group and epilepsy unilateral temporal lobe abnormal discharge group,to calculates the best critical point by the ROC curve,the cut-off value was 46.76.Conclusion Magnetic resonance arterial spin labeling (ASL) technique can evaluate the cerebral blood flow in the hippocampus of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy by quantitative measurement of hippocampal CBF value.The changes of hippocampal perfusion in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy should be preceded by the changes of imaging.ASL quantitative measurement of hippocampal CBF value is helpful for early diagnosis and treatment of temporal lobe epilepsy.

Calcineurin inhibitors,such as cyclosporin A and tacroli mus,are widely-used i mmuno-suppressive drugs clinically.However,renal toxicity,hyperglycae mia and other side-effects can occur over long-term use.Isolation of novel calcineurin inhibitors fro m medicinal plants in recent years has pro-vided a new approach to the development of new immunosuppressive drugs with high efficiency and low toxicity.Recnt studies have shown that medicinal plant extracts, such as isogarcinol, quercetin, kae mpferol,phenylethanoid glycosides,ere mophilane sesquiterpenes A and B,pisiferdiol,as well as extracts fro m Smilax china L and Jasminum humile L,have obvious inhibitory effect on calcineurin.

Objective To study the application of VATS and gasless laparoscopy to the treatment of portal hepertension Methods 12 operations of the splenectomy combined with ligation of pericardial vein and lower part of lung covered by omentum majus were performed throngh the thoracoscopy and laparascopy Results All of the 12 operations were successful. The procedures lasted (2.5～5.2) hours with mean time being 3.3 hours. Gastrointestinal function recovered in (48-72) hours after operation. The duration of hospitalization was (9～11)days. No postoperative thoracic and abdominal cavity complications were found. The average duration of hospitalization after operation was 10.3 days.12 cases were followed up for 2 month to 4 years and no rebleeding was found. Conclusions The procedures including ligation of pericardial vein under VATS combined with gasless laparoscopy assisted splenectomy and lower part of lung covered by omentum majus for the treatment of portal hypertension is passable.

Objective Explore the value of video-assisted thoracoscopic extended thymectomy in the treatment of myasthenia gravis.Methods This is a prospective randomized control study.Fifty-four patients who were confirmed to be MG preoperatively from 2005 to 2008 were divided into VATS group(27 cases)and thoracotomy group(27cases).Thymectomy and dissection of all faity tissue anterior to pericardium were performed in both groups.Results When compared with thoacotomy group,VATS group had less blood loss,shorter postoperative hospital stay and time of postoperative chest drainge tube left.One patient was converted to open surgery because of the injury to the brachiocephalic vein.During a period of followed-up 624 months,symptom was improved in 81% of the patients in VATS group and 85% in thoractomy group(P>0.05).Conclusion Extened thymectomy with VATS is safe and feasible with the advantage of less invasion,less surgical trauma and pain,lower rate of complication and good curative effect.

The main producing areas of Cistanche spp. in Neimongol, Ningxia, Gansu and Xingjiang were surveyed. Plant specimens and samples of 4 species and a new variety, named C. salsa var.albiflora P.F.Tu et Z.C.Lou, were collected and identified. Their distribution and abundance of resources are reported,and measures of exploiting and protecting comdined with sand-control are suggested.

AIM To study the effects of degreasing-frosting on reducing toxicity and enhancing efficacy of Periplaneta americana L..METHODS The 95％ ethanol extracts from P.americana raw powder and processed products were extracted by petroleum ether,ethyl acetate,n-butanol and water.TLC was applied to comparing the component changes in various fractions.GC-MS was used for analyzing the kinds and contents of liposoluble constituents before and after processing.Shaking flask method combined with UV spectrophotometry method was adopted in the determination of Papp values in octanol-water and different pH values (2.23,3.28,4.22,5.23,6.12,7.24,8.23,9.10,10.15 and pure water) of buffer solutions.RESULTS After the petroleum ether fraction was processed,the colors of TLC spots became much shallower,which changed more significantly with the prolonging of processing time and increase of pressure.The TLC spots in the n-butanol and water fractions were clear without obvious changes.And no TLC spots were found in the ethyl acetate fraction.The kinds of liposoluble constituents were the same before and after processing,whose absolute contents were decreased after processing.Compared with raw powder,the Papp values of minor polypeptides in various processed products at different pH values exhibited significant differences (P ＜0.05,P ＜0.01),which also showed certain differences at the same pH values.CONCLUSION Degreasing-frosting can affect the contents of liposoluble constituents in P.americana and Papp values of minor polypeptides,which may be the mechanism of reducing toxicity and enhancing efficacy.

AIM:To compare 2 environments , the subrenal capsule and oral submucosa , for producing well-formed teeth from mouse tooth germs and for exploring the ideal environment for tooth regeneration .METHODS: Two groups were set up .Group A was transplanted with the mouse embronic day ( ED) 14.5 first mandibular molar tooth germs into the subrenal capsule , while group B was transplanted with the ED 14.5 first mandibular molar tooth germs into the oral submucosa.After 3 weeks and 4 weeks, the host mice were sacrificed, and the transplanted explants were evaluated with morphologic observation , histological structures , hardness and elastictic modulus tests , and chemical compositions .RE-SULTS:(1) The explants isolated from both environments showed the tooth-like structures, but as to the group B, the crown was smaller, and the shape of the cusps was not significant .(2) HE staining showed that the dentin and enamel in group A were thicker than those in group B in which the ameloblasts and odontoblasts were differentiated not very well .(3) In the test of enamel hardness , only the hardness of 4 weeks in group B was lower than normal mouse tooth .In the test of enamel modulus , the elastic modulus of enamel in 3 weeks of group A was slightly lower than normal mouse tooth , but the difference was not significant .The elastic modulus of enamel in 4 weeks of group A and group B was significantly lower than normal mouse tooth and 3 weeks of group B .The hardness and elastic modulus of dentin in 3 groups was not significant . (4) Raman spectroscopy showed 2 groups grew in harmony in general , they all had the largest peak in the point of 961 cm-1 , but the 3 weeks of group B had an obvious peak in the point of 2 947 cm-1 .CONCLUSION:For the development of ED14.5 tooth germs, we obtain almost the whole tooth in subrenal capsule transplantation after 3 or 4 weeks.The buccal submucosa environment still has a certain influence on the tooth germ development , although there are some differences about the tooth development between this environment and subrenal capsule environment .