Four 14 to 19, year old boys are used as subjects in this study. The first part of this study attempts to investigate the vitamin C status of these subjects when they are consuming the ordinary diet served in the college staff dining room. The vitamin C content of the whole meal is determined by the dye titration method for ten days. During the first 2 days, blood samples are taken from finger tips and the plasma analyed for vitamin C by the Farmer and Abt method. 24-hour urine samples are also collected and the vitamin C content determined.After the first 3 days, in addition to the vitamin C in the diet, the subjects are subjected to vitamin C saturation by taking orally 400 mg of vitamin C form orange juice for two days followed by 5 days of 100 mg supplementation of crystalline vitamin C. Plasma vitamin C and 24-hour urinary vitamin C are ag(?) studied. Following this procedure, the subjects are considered ready for experimentation. They are put on an experimental diet similar to their ordinary d(?) but devoid of vitamin C. The vitamin C intake level is controlled. Three lev(?) are tried: 70 mg, 50 mg, and 30 mg daily. Each level is fed for 14 days. The vitamin C of the first seven days is provided by vegetables frequently used (?) Canton and crystalline vitamin C is used during the latter 7 days for comparison. Cantonese cabbage(Brassica chinensis L.), Kan Lan Tsai(Brassica alboclabia, R.) and Chinese celery cabbage(Brassica pekinensis, R.)are used for supplying vitamin C during the 70, 50 and 30 mg levels respectively. Plasma vitamin C and 24-hour urinary excretion are determined for the last 5 days of each period.The vitamin C content of the medical college diet averages 43.7 mg per day for the 10 days analyzed. Plasma vitamin C of the subjects ranges from 0.25 to 0.61 mg percent, averaging 0.37 mg percent. 24-hour urinary excretion varies between 3.3 and 74.8 mg daily.During saturation, plasma vitamin C of one subject increases after the first dose, while its content in the plasma of the other three subjects also shows gradual rise. Urinary excretions show immediate and considerable increases on the first day with each of the subjects.During the 70 mg vitamin C daily intake level, plasma vitamin C average 0.45 mg percent and 0.48 mg percent for Brassica chinensis, L. and for crystalline vitamin C respectively. Daily urinary excretions average 19.4 and 18.4 mg. for the two periods. When the vitamin C intake is reduced to 50 mg daily, an average of 0.40 mg percent of plasma ascorbic acid is found for Brassica alboclabia, L. and 0.32 mg percent for crystalline vitamin C. Urinary excretion decreases to 15.2 and 11.9 mg daily. At the 30 mg daily intake level, plasma vitamin C falls to 0.32 mg percent for Chinese celery cabbage and 0.31 mg percent for crystalline vitamin C. Total urinary vitamin C falls to 9.9 and 9.0 mg.The vitamin C from these 3 vegetables are at least as efficiently utilized as crystalline vitamin C.While it is not quite possible to draw definite conclusions in regard to vitamin C requirement of these subjects from the results of this study, there are suggestions however that a daily intake of about 50 mg of vitamin C may be able to maintain a fairly satisfactory state of vitamin C nutrition.

Objective To determine co-author contribution for a biomedical scientific paper describing collaborative research by an analytical process model.Methods The important features of contribution were identified,categorized and organized into a logical hierarchy consisting of the main dimensions and sub-dimensions.A face-to-face survey was conducted to obtain data about their relative importance from co-authors.Analytical hierarchy process methodology was used to determine the relative important weights from main dimensions and sub-dimensions along with the consistency.Results Among the 5 main dimensions,all authors considered problem statement as the most important with a weight of 0.4355,and considered research design and data analysis taking the 2nd and 3rd positions.Among the 10 sub-dimensions,hypothesis construction,method development,result interpretation,and critical revision of manuscript were considered the most important contributions.Conclusion Analytical hierarchy process effectively supportto establish the co-authors' priorties for a biomedical scientific paper.

Atropine (Atr) ip 5 - 10mg/kg elevated the threshold dose of ouabain ( 10?g/min, iv ) to induce ventricular premature beats, ventricular tachycardia , ventricular fibrillation and cardiac arrest in guinea-pigs. Atr 2 - 4 mg/kg iv shortened the duration of arrhythmia elicited by Adr ( 40?g/kg, iv ) in conscious rabbits, & delayed the onset of arrhythmia evoked by AC ( 20?g/kg, iv ) or BaCl2 ( 2mg/kg, iv ) in anesthetized rats. It also decreased the incidence of arrhythmia induced by CaCl2 ( 102mg/kg, iv ) in rats. In mice, Atr ( 5~10mg/kg, ip)decreased the incidence of ventricular fibrillation by chloroform and artrial fibrill-ation ( or flutter ) by Ach-CaCl2.

Edong Healthcare Group is cited as an example to introduce the founding background, and summarize its successful practices and outcomes in corporate governance, internal operation management mechanism, and optimized resources deployment within the group.Win-win mechanism is proposed as the key to a successful grouping reform, and further experiment with the hierarchical medical system is recommended for deeper reform in building groups of public hospitals.

Objective]To introduce Professor Lian’s experience of recuperating tumor with Chinese medicine. [Method]To analyze the col ection of Professor Lian’s clinical experience. [Result]Based on pulse and syndrome, using famous descriptions,which is the key of the effectiveness. [Conclusion] Professor Lian is ful of clinical experience, whose descriptions are common and worth studying.

Laryngeal conservation surgery trys for more laryngeal function reservation in precondition of radical cure,and presently has been the main method of treating larygeal carcinoma.The article discusses the moral principle that should be followed in the course of developing conservation laryngeal surgery on the point of view of medical ethics.To get curative effect,the surgeons should possess high responsibility and masterly skill,and highly regard multi-discipline cooperation and multimodality therapies.

Objective In order to investigate the effectiveness of unique cyclic biomechanical stretch on proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and osteopontin (OPN) mRNA of colonal murine osteoblast-like cell line MC3T3-E1 in three-demensional culture. Methods Gelatin sponges with a size of 2.00 cm?2.00 cm?0.25 cm were used as the three-demensional culture vector of MC3T3-E1, 100 ?l cell suspension was applied to the surface of sponge, the cell number was 1.25?105. The gelatin sponges could be stretched to 5% with 60 cycles/min and 15 min/h on computerized bio-stretch controller. At 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 d after stretch stimulation, three samples were collected at each time point from the stretch and con-trol group respectively. Cell counting, activity assay of ALP both of cells and medium as well as OPN mRNA measurement were carried out. Results The cell number of the stretch group was more than that of control group from 2 d (P

Objective To establish a new kinetic spectrophotometry for determination of formaldehyde in water sample. Methods Micro formaldehyde could sensitively catalyze the discoloring reaction of methyl orange oxidized by potassium bromated in dilute H3PO4 medium, the relationship between the reaction speed and the content of formaldehyde could be determinated by spectrophotometry, then the content of formaldehyde could be determinated. Results The optimum condition and kinetic paramneters were investigated and showed in the present paper in detail. The calibration curve showed linearity in the range of 0.13-3.0 ?g/ml and the limit of detection was 4.7?10-5 mg/ml. The RSDs ranged from 1.5% to 3.3%.The recovery rates ranged from 97.3% to 102.0%. Conclusion The mothed was simple, rapid and more sensitive, can be used for the determination of micro amounts of formaldehyde in water sample with satisfied results.

Objective To explore the characteristics of EEG frequency in recruits and veterans and their relationship with depression scale scores.Methods Fifty-five newly enlisted soldiers formed the recruits group and 68 demobilized soldiers the veterans group.A general information survey,EEGs and the Hamilton depression scale (HAMD) were administered to all of the subjects.According to the HAMD scores,35 of the 123 were designated as the abnormal group,while 88 formed the normal one.Eighteen of the 35 with EEG abnormalities served as a doubleabnormal group to be compared with the remaining 17 cases with abnormal HAMD scores and normal EEGs (the single-abnormal group),and 9 of the 18 with higher HAMD scores as the higher group,and the other 9 cases as the lower group.The EEG frequency spectrum and the power percentages from the δ to γ frequency bands were calculated as δ:0.5-4 Hz,(o):4-8 Hz,α:8-13 Hz,β:13-25 Hz,γ:25-40 Hz.Results Forty-six of the subjects (37.4％) had abnormal EEG results,35 had abnormal HAMD scores,and 18 (51.4％ of the soldiers with abnormal HAMD scores) had both abnormalities.The veterans had lower δ band power percentage in all channels than the recruits,but in the (0) band it was the reverse.In the left channels the veterans had lower α and γ band power percentages than the recruits.Compared with the normal,all channels in the EEGs of subjects with abnormal HAMD scores had significantly higher δ band power percentages.The higher the δ band power percentage a subject had,the higher his HAMD score.Conclusion There is some correlation between changes in EEG power percentages and the possibility and severity of depression.Objective and subjective EEG evaluation can help improve the positive rate of diagnosis,and thus the management of the army.

Objective To validate near-infrared cerebral topography (NCT) as a practical toolin tracing the regional hemodynamic changes during normal ischemic stroke model of rat. Method Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and photosensitizer induced intracranial infarction model of rat were established. The geometric shape and infarction area were measured by NCT, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and TTC stained anatomical imaging techniques. Result In photosensitizer induced infarction model, the correlation between anatomical infarct area and NCT image area for infarct focus were r= 0.897 for 24 h group (P<0.05) and r=0.906 for 2 months group (P<0.01),respectively. The correlation between anatomical infarction area and NCT image area for infarct focus were r=0.820 for normothermia group (P<0.05) and r= 0.851 for hypothermia group (P<0.05), respectively. The correlation between fMRI and NCT image area for infarction focus were r= 0.874 for normothermia group (P<0.05) and r= 0.782 for hypothermia group (P<0.05),respectively. Conclusion Measurement with NCT for infarction focus matched well with fMRI and anatomic sample in rats. NCT technique might be a practical tool for short-term prediction of stroke and the rehabilitation after stroke in real time.