BACKGROUND:Chitosan and gelatin have good biocompatibility and biodegradable properties.More and more attentions have been given to the application of the composite membrane of chitosan/hydroxyapatite(HA)and gelatin/HA as the tissue scaffolds.OBJECTIVE:To prepare a biocompatible composite membrane of chitosan/HA/gelatin having nanometer multilayer HA,and to investigate whether such a membrane might be a candidate of the tissue scaffolds for the bond repair and regeneration,DESIGN:Controlled observation.SETTING:College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering,Jianghan UniversityMATERIALS:The experiments were performed at the Laboratory of Fine Chemistry,College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering,Jianghan University from February to August 2007.Chitosan (Yuhnan Ocean Biochemistry Co.,Ltd,Zhengjiang,China,Mw 13.44×104,93% degree of deacetylation),and gelation(provided by Shanghai Chemical Reagent Co.,Shanghai,China)were used in the present study.METHODS:The mixture chitosan/CaCl2 solution was casted on a glass plate to give the membrane of chitosan/CaCl2.Then,the membrane was soaked in KH2PO4 solution,0.1 mol/L NaOH solution,and 3 wt% gelatin aqueous solution,respectively.The resulted membrane was washed and dried to obtain the chtiosan/HA/gelatin composite membrane.The morphological observation of the composite membrane and HA crystal were carded on a scanning electron microscope.The mechanical properties of the composite membrane were measured using the universal testing machine.The tensile strength(σb)and the elongation at break (ε)were calculated.The thermal stability of composite membrane was determined using a WCT-2C thermobalance.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:The morphologies,the mechanical properties,and the thermal stability of the composite membrane and HA crystal were observed.RESULTS:The multilayer HA crystal with 400 nm thickness in the composite membrane was observed.The tensile strength(σb)and the elongation at break(ε)of the composite membrane were 3.83-10.25 MPa and 3.97%-10.14%,respectively.The decomposition temperature of HA-treated membrane was 310℃,which was higher than that of chitosan/gelatin membrane(305℃).CONCLUSION:The composite chitosan/HA/gelatin membrane was prepared by using chitosan/CaCl2,KH2PO4 and gelatin solutions.Such a biocompatible composite membrane with multilayer HA might be a promising tissue scaffold.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by infiltration of T-lymphocytes,which plays a key role in the immune response of human.Exploration on the characters of immune response in the pathologic process related to COPD may be useful to explore the mechenism of immunity response in COPD patients,thus,contrubute to improve the knowledge of COPD and investigating new avenues of treatment.

Objective:To evaluate the mid-term follow-up results of arteriovenous graft(AVG) for patients on maintenance hemodialysis.Methods:The clinical data of 131 patients who implanted AVG from Jan 2014 to Dec 2016 at Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University were retrospectively analyzed.Results:The mean follow-up time was 22.8 months (ranging from 2 to 61 months). The average primary patency time after AVG was (22.20±1.97) months, and the primary patency rates at 1 year, 2 years, 3 years were 61.5%, 36.6% and 23.2%, respectively. The average secondary patency time after AVG was (38.30±2.30) months, and the secondary patency rates after 1 year, 2 years, 3 years were 85.6%, 68.6%, and 55.8%, respectively. Sixty five (49.6%) patients had thrombosis after operations, 50(38.2%) had access stenosis, 13(9.9%) had graft infections, and 2(1.5%) had pseudoaneurysm, 2(1.5%) had hemodialysis access-induced distal ischemia, 2(1.5%) had seroma.Conclusions:Though the primary patency rate of AVG is worse than that of arteriovenous fistula (AVF), a satisfactory secondary patency rate can be achieved through repair treatments. Regular follow-up, early detection of stenotic lesions and treatments are vital for long-term patency of AVG.

Objective: To isolate and identify the phenolic constituents with anti-oxidant and anti-α-glucosidase activities from the methanol extract in the twigs of Acer rubrum. Methods: The twigs of A. rubrum were extracted by methanol then partitioned by system solvents with different polarity. The ethyl acetate extract was separated on silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, ODS columns, and by semi-preparative HPLC. The isolated compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral analyses. The DPPH free radical scavenging and anti-α-glucosidase activities of the compounds were also evaluated. Results: Ten phenolic compounds were isolated and purified from the twigs of A. rubrum and were identified as catechin (1), epicatechin (2), epicatechin-3-O-gallate (3), quercetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnoside (4), quercetin-3-O-3″-galloyl-rhamnoside (5), quercetin-3-O-2″-galloyl-rhamnoside (6), phloridzin (7), ginnalin A (8), ginnalin B (9), and ginnalin C (10). Conclusion: Compounds 3 and 5-7 are isolated from the twigs of A. rubrum for the first time. Compound 7 is the only one chalcone isolated from the plants in Aceraceae for the first time. All of the compounds show the good anti-oxidant activities. Compounds 3 and 8 show the strong anti-α-glucosidase activities.

Brain Diseases ; complications ; microbiology ; mortality ; Fatal Outcome ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Otitis Externa ; complications ; microbiology ; mortality ; Pseudomonas Infections ; complications ; mortality

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Male ; Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome

Objective To investigate the effects of chronic pain on spatial learning ability and the expression of neuronal cell adhesion molecules (NCAM) in hippocampus in neonatal rats.Methods Sixty newborn SD rats of both sexes were randomly divided into pain group ( n = 30) and control group ( n= 30). In pain group complete Freund' s adjuvant (CFA) 20 ?l was injected subcutaneously in the plantar surface of left hindpaw on the 2nd day after birth, whereas in control group normal saline 20 ?l was injected instead of CFA. The animals were weighed on the 3rd, 11th and 22nd day after birth. Ten animals in each group were anesthetized with intraperitoneal pentobarbital and killed on the 11th and 22nd day after birth respectively. The brains were immediately removed for determination of NCAM expression in CA3 and dentate gyms of hippocampus using immuno-histochemical staining technique. Morris water maze test was performed starting from the 21st day after birth for 8 consecutive days to assess the spatial learning ability ( n = 10 in each group) .Results The latent period before finding the hidden-plateform was significantly longer on the 1st and 4th day of the test (22nd and 25th day after birth) in pain group than in control group (P

Objective To investigate the effects of chronic inflammatory pain induced by injection of complete Freund' s adjuvant (CFA) into the plantar surface of hindpaw on the development of learning and memory and proenkephalin mRNA expression in hippocampus of neonatal rats. Methods sixty neonatal SD rats (6 rats from each of 10 litters) were randomly divided into control and chronic pain group ( n = 30; 3 rats from each of the 10 litters). In chronic pain group CFA 20 ? l was injected subcutaneously into plantar surface of left hindpaw on the 2nd day after birth whereas in control group normal saline 20 ? l was injected instead of CFA. Ten animals (1 rat from each of the 10 litters) in each group were killed on the 10th and 21st day after birth respectively. Hippocampi were removed for determination of proenkephalin mRNA expression by RT-PCR. Ten animals (1 rat from each of the 10 litters) in each group underwent Morris water maze test 3 times a day for 8 days starting from the 21st day after birth. Results The mean latent period before the rats found the hidden platform was significantly longer in chronic pain group than in control group. When the platform was removed the swimming time and distance of the rats in chronic pain group were significantly shorter than those in control group. There was no significant difference in the latent period before the rats found the visible platform between the two groups. The proenkephalin mRNA expression in hippocampus on the 10th and 21st day after birth was significantly lower in chronic pain group than in control group ( P

Dacryocystorhinostomy ; Endoscopy ; Humans ; Nose

Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; diagnostic imaging ; drug therapy ; Female ; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; drug therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; Small Cell Lung Carcinoma ; diagnostic imaging ; drug therapy ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed