20?g/L)prior to IPA embolization, and returned to normal after embolization. Conclusion Tumors located posteriorly and superticially in the liver may recruit blood supply though IPA collaterals. Phrenospasm should be cautious during IPA embolization.

Objective:To evaluate the effectiveness of procedure for prolapse and hemorrhoids(PPH) in the treatment of severe hemorrhoids.Methods:The experiment group(also called PPH group) consisting of 11 cases was subjected to PPH,the controlled group with 12 cases to Saresola-Klose method.Results:This study showed that the operating time and hospital stay after operation in PPH group were shorter than those in control group;less pain, less complication after operation and faster recovery were found in PPH group.Conclusion:PPH has such advantages as short operative time,less postoperative pain,fast recovery,less complications,etc.But its long-term curative effect is to be observed further.

OBJECTIVETo investigate application of the bone flap pedicled on the retrograde branch of radial artery for treatment of old scaphoid bone fractures of type AO-B.

METHODSFrom October 2007 to October 2011,41 patients with old scaphoid bone fractures of type AO-B were treated by transplantation of the bone flap pedicled on the retrograde branch of radial artery including 26 males and 15 females with an average of (27.3±4.5) years old ranging from 16 to 43 years old. The courses before operation ranged from 6 to 22 months with an average of 11 months. All fractures belonged to the type B of AO classification, that is old wrist fracture of scaphoid bone. All patients' wrist function (pain, function, motion, grip strength) were evaluated by Cooney's modifiedwrist scoring system before and 6 months after operation,and the conditions of bone healing were observed during the follow-up time.

RESULTSAmong them, 36 patients were followed up from 4 to 15 months with an average of 8.3 months. The wounds were healed well without other complications as infection appearing. X-rays or CT confirmed that all fractures were healed completely. The Cooney wrist score was improved from preoperative 53.61±13.97 to postoperative 81.81±8.71 (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe operation of transplantation of the bone flap pedicled on the retrograde branch of radial artery is an effective method to treat old scaphoid bone fractures,which is scientific and has curative effects, and valuable for clinical application.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Fractures, Bone ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Radial Artery ; injuries ; surgery ; Scaphoid Bone ; blood supply ; injuries ; surgery ; Surgical Flaps ; Wrist Injuries ; surgery ; Young Adult

Lymph node mapping, a hotspot in oncology and surgery in recent years, has been successful-ly used in the discovery and resection of the metastatic lymph nodes in patients with melanoma and breast cancer. For the complex of lymphatic drainage and the defect of tracers, lymph nodes mapping is still under investigation. As a new type of nano-materials, the quantum dots are used widely, the tumor lymph node mapping.

Curcumin is a principal polyphenolic curcuminoid extracted from turmeric rhizome, which has been used for treating inflammation of joints, ulcers, jaundice and other disorders in Asian traditional medicine. In recent years, many studies have indicated that curcumin plays important roles in treatment of liver diseases. Curcumin attenuates liver injury and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by lowering the release of inflammation cytokines, minimizing oxidative stress, enhancing the sensitivity of insulin and altering lipid metabolism. Curcumin shows potent anti-fibrosis activity, contributing to inhibit the activation of hepatic stellate cells and reduce the deposition of extracellular matrix by its regulation of PPAR-γ, NF-ΚB and TGF-β signaling pathways. Moreover, curcumin exhibits anti-cancer effect by inducing G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in several hepatoma cell lines. However, poor water solubility and low bioavailability of curcumin limit its clinical applications. To overcome its limited systemic bioavailability, many new approaches have been explored to deliver curcumin effectively. This article focuses on advances in the effects of curcumin and its derivatives for treatment of liver injury, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, liver fibrosis and hepatocarcinoma.

Objective The localization of AQP4 was studied in the brain,especially,in the periventricular organs,such as ependyma,choroid plexues,area postrema(AP) and neurohypophysis,and telencephalon as well as two kinds of endocrine gland:pineal gland and adenohypophysis,so as to provide morphological basis for water transport and balance,the secretion and regulation mechanisms of endocrine gland in the brain. Methods Immunohistochemical staining techniques(LAB-SA,BCIP/NBT) were used. Results AQP4 was most abundantly expressed in the tissues directly contacting with CSF,including the cerebral pia mater,ependyma lining of ventricules and the aqueductal system and choroid plexues.Heavy express of AQP4 was also found in the perivascular glial processes of the brain tissue.In addition,AQP4 was also distributed to the pyramidal cell layer of hippocampus,granular cell layer and polymorphic cell layer of dentate gyrus,adenohypophysis(intermedius included) and pineal gland cells as well as the periventricular organs such as area postrema(AP) and neurohypophysis.Conclusion The localization of AQP4 indicates that AQP4 is involved in not only the transport and balance of water,electrolyte metabolism and the regulation of secretion of the endocrine gland,but also in the neuroendocrine activity of the hypothalamus.

Objective To evaluate the prognostic value of combined analysis of the biomarker Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) and the Milan criteria in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients treated by orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT).Method The clinicopathological data and outcome of the recruited 105 HCC patients undergoing OLT from October 2001 to April 2009 were retrospectively analyzed.KLF4 expression in HCC and paired non-tumor tissue was detected by immonohistochemistry and confirmed by Western blotting analysis.Five-year overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) rate and survival curves of the grouped patients were calculated and plotted by Kaplan-Meier method.Result The level of KLF4 expression was lower in HCC than that in paired non-tumor tissue (P＜0.05).KLF4 expression was significantly lower in poorly differentiated HCC than that in well-moderately differentiated HCC (P =0.008).Loss of KLF4 was an independent risk factor for predicting tumor recurrence and survival of HCC after OLT (HR =0.459 and 5.42,respectively,P＜0.001).The level of KLF4 expression could not differentiate the OS and RFS rate in the patients with tumors meeting the Milan criteria,whereas the OS and RFS rate in the patients with tumors exceeding the Milan criteria differentiated according to KLF4 expression.The patients with tumors beyond the Milan criteria and exhibiting moderate to high KLF4 expression had unexpectedly favorable 5-year OS (91.7％) and RFS (70.5％) rate.Conclusion KLF4 is a useful biomarker for prognostication of HCC patients undergoing OLT.Integrated use of KLF4 biomarker and the Milan criteria improves accurate prediction of survival and tumor recurrence for HCC patients after OLT.

Based on clues from the China CNKI database, 52 articles on Y in-Chen-Hao (YCH) decoction in the treatment of jaundice were screened. All modified YCH decoctions were taken. The ExcellPivotTable report and SPSS 19.0 factor analysis were used in the study of compatibility rules of YCH decoctions in the treatment of jaun-dice. The results showed that the prescription was mainly composed of heat-clearing drugs, water-dampness remov-ing drugs, drastic purgative drugs, which were combined with blood-activation and stasis-removing, qi-regulating drugs.

Liver transplantation (LT) is one of the most important curative treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).In the past decade,great achievements have been made in the field of liver transplantation in China.The incidence of postoperative complications and hospital mortality have significantly decreased due to growing experience and maturity of surgical techniques.However,tumor relapse after LT still negatively impact on the long-term outcome of patients with HCC.HCC recurrence and patients' survival after LT are closely related to preoperative screening of patients,listing priority,local treatment and postoperative management.Successful management of these procedures determines the final therapeutic effect of LT on patients with HCC.In this article,the above issues were explored and discussed according to the current situation of domestic transplant community through revision of the literatures in combination with the clinical experiences.

Objectives To evaluate the effect of peeling of internal limiting membrane (ILM) on the post-operative visual acuity in patients with diabetic macular edema, and to detect the role indocyanine green (ICG) plays in the surgery of peeling of ILM. Methods Thirty patients (31 eyes) with diabetic retinopathy at proliferative stage with macular edema underwent vitrectomy. The patients were randomly divided into two groups: 16 eyes in group A underwent single vitrectomy with panretinal photocoagulation and ocular filling with 20% SF6; 15 eyes in group B underwent vitrectomy and peeling of ILM after the posterior pole was stained with ICG. All of the patients were asked to keep the posture of facing down for 10-14 days. The follow-up lasted 3-12 months. Results In 16 eyes in group A, the visual acuity increase of 2 or more lines in 10 (62.5%) and alleviation of macular edema in 9 (56.2%) were found; the postoperative average macular retinal thickness examined by optic coherence tomography (OCT) was 393 ?m. In 15 eyes in group B, the visual acuity increase of 2 or more lines in 14 (93.3%) and alleviation of macular edema in 14 (93.3%) were found; the postoperative average macular retinal thickness was 319 ?m. The postoperative improvement of visual acuity in group B was much better than that in group A ( ? 2=4.210, P =0.05), while the postoperative macular retinal thickness in group B was obviously lower than that in group A ( P