Thyroid cancer is the most common malignancy in the endocrine system .In recent years ,the incidence of thyroid cancer has increased year by year ,which sparked people′s attention.With the development of thyroid cancer research ,it is found that cytokines play a key role in the occurrence and development of tumor .At present ,the cause of thyroid carcinoma and mechanism is not yet entirely clear ,however ,the occurrence of thyroid cancer is possiblely associated with the body regulating cellular immune dysfunction .Cytokines play an important role in the whole process ,in which the relationship between cytokines IFN -γ,IL-6 and thyroid carcinoma is closely related .

Objective:To observe the effectiveness of photon therapeutic instrument combined with magnesium sulfate on puerperants with hemorrhoids.Methods: Sixty eight puerperants cases with hemorrhoids were chosen and randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, each with 34 cases. In the control group, Mayinglong hemorrhoids suppository was used on the hemorrhoids. While in the observation group patients were given photon therapeutic instrument combined with magnesium sulfate on the hemorrhoids. The curative effectiveness, the scores of pain, breastfeeding rates were compared between the two groups.Results: After one course of treatment, the treatment effect of observation group was 91.18%, which was higer than control group that was 82.35%, the difference was statistically significant(x2=4.086,P<0.05). After one course of treatment, the scores of pain in observation group was lower than that in control group, the difference was statistically significant(t=2.773,P<0.05). During the four months of postpartum, the breastfeeding rates in observation group was higher than that in control group, the difference was statistically significant(x2=4.403,P<0.05).Conclusion: Treating by photon therapeutic instrument combined with magnesium sulfate on puerperants with hemorrhoids, can increase treatment effect, reduce the severity of pain, and enhance breastfeeding rates, is worthy of clinic application.

Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase(IDO)is the rate-limiting enzyme in the catabolism of trypto-phan along the kynurenine pathway.Over expression of IDO is one of the reasons which are responsible for immune tolerance of tumor.IDO also affects the effects of the vaccine of the dendritic cell in the tumor therapy.Lipopolysaccharide(LPS),cytokines and so on can regulate the expression of IDO via different regulating mechanisms.IDO participates in the local immune tolerance of tumor by three kinds of mechanisms.Further research on this immunological regulatory mechanism will be significant for tumor immunotherapy.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for the instructions of domestic Clindamycin phosphate injection. METHODS:The contents in the instructions of domestic Clindamycin phosphate injection approved the listing from Jan. 2006 to Dec. 2015 were statistically investigated according to Regulation for Drug Package Inserts and Label Management and Regulatory Guidelines for Chemicals and Biologicals,and the items with great differences in different approval number were analyzed comparatively. RE-SULTS:The labeling rate of clinical experiment in the collected 25 instructions of domestic Clindamycin phosphate injection was 0,the labeling rate of validity was 44%,the labeling rate of use for elderly patients was 68%,the labeling rate of overdosage was 76%,and the labeling rate of others was 100%. The items with great differences were mainly special populations,usage and dos-age,adverse reactions,validity,storage conditions and precautions. CONCLUSIONS:There are great differences in instructions of domestic Clindamycin phosphate injection,some items are inaccurate,incomplete and lack of scientificity,which may result in ir-rational drug use in patients and increase the risk of medication. It is suggested that the domestic enterprises should modify and per-fect the contents of the instructions of domestic Clindamycin phosphate injections referring to the instructions of foreign brand name drug;and the drug regulatory department should strengthen the monitoring of drug instructions.

ObjectiveTo investigate the efficacy and safety of the self-expandable metal stent for treatment of gastric outlet and duodenal obstruction.MethodsData of 24 patients with symptomatic gastric outlet and duodenal obstruction diagnosed from January 2005 to February 2011 were retrospectively studied.All patients were measured by gastric outlet obstruction scoring system ( GOOSS ) before and one week after the placement of self-expandable metal stent.ResultsStent placement was succeeded in all patients with a mean operation time of 25.90 ± 11.03 min.Twenty patients (83.3％) were able to intake liquid food after the procedure.The GOOSS (P50 =0) before and after stent placement were 0.14 (P50 =0) and 1.42( P50 =2),respectively,with significant difference (P ＜0.01 ).Minor digestive bleeding occurred in 3 patients,but no severe complications including perforation or aspiration were observed.ConclusionPlacement of a self-expandable metal stent in patients with gastric outlet or duodenal obstruction is safe and effective for resolving obstructive symptoms.

Bronchial Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; etiology ; Child ; Hemangioendothelioma, Epithelioid ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Male ; Radionuclide Imaging ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; methods

Objective To discuss the mechanism about exercise preconditioning (EP) protected myocardium by means of regulate NLRP3 inflammasome signal pathways on exhausted exercise rats. Methods The male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into four groups: normal control group (C group), no EP on exhausted exercise group (EE group), 3dEP + EE group, and 3wEP + EE group, with 12 rats in each group. In C group and EE group, the rats had not done exercise, while EE group took an exhausted swimming exercise with 3% heavy weight on tail at the end of 3 weeks; 3dEP + EE group and 3wEP + EE group exercised according to the standard of swimming for 60 minutes every day (swam 15 minutes, took a rest for 5 minutes, repeated 3 times), 6 days in a week, and were trained for 3 days and 3 weeks respectively, and took an exhausted swimming exercise on the last day. A light microscope and electron microscope were used to observe the myocardial histopathology and ultrastructure change, and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the levels of serum interleukin (IL-1β, IL-18, IL-6), hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), MB isoenzyme of creatine kinase (CK-MB), and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP). The protein expressions of NLRP3 and caspase-1 were detected by Western Blot. The correlations among all the parameters were analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis. Results Under the light microscope and electron microscope, the myocardial fiber morphological structure was normal, neatly, and no interstitial edema, muscle membrane damage or myocardial cell swellen was found in C group. In EE group, heart tissues were stained obviously uneven, a large number of myocardial fibers were fractured and messed, interstitial fibers were hyperplasiaed and edema moderately, much of myocardial cells were edema and necrosis, inflammatory cells were infiltrated, the number of average infiltration inflammatory cells was highest, mitochondria were edema seriously, part of the crest and a small number of membrane were blended together, fuzzy and crest were fractured, sarcomere were disordered; 3dEP + EE group and 3wEP + EE group heart tissues injuries were obviously alleviated, among the three groups, and the best results were in 3wEP + EE group. Compared with C group, the serum contents of IL-1β, IL-18, IL-6, hs-CRP, CK-MB, BNP and heart tissues protein expressions of NLRP3 and caspase-1 in EE group were significantly increased [IL-1β (μg/L): 18.77±1.28 vs. 12.00±1.55, IL-18 (μg/L): 236.79±15.73 vs. 150.74±7.09, IL-6 (μg/L): 59.31±9.17 vs. 34.65±2.89, hs-CRP (mg/L): 469.37±137.73 vs. 107.15±14.22, CK-MB (U/L): 15.57±0.91 vs. 7.40±0.40, BNP (ng/L): 532.08±63.44 vs. 386.96±34.77, NLRP3 protein (gray value): 0.66±0.07 vs. 0.16±0.06, caspase-1 protein (gray value): 0.96±0.08 vs. 0.48±0.06, all P < 0.01]. Compared with EE group, the above indicators in 3dEP + EE group and 3wEP + EE group were remarkably decreased, each index in 3wEP + EE group was lower than that in 3dEP + EE group except BNP [IL-1β (μg/L): 14.26±1.42 vs. 16.57±1.81, IL-18 (μg/L): 168.49±7.05 vs. 191.92±14.16, IL-6 (μg/L): 32.62±3.81 vs. 45.61±6.20, hs-CRP (mg/L): 207.06±41.68 vs. 339.56±89.65, CK-MB (U/L): 9.97±1.08 vs. 13.10±0.78, NLRP3 protein (gray value): 0.33±0.07 vs. 0.48±0.06, caspase-1 protein (gray value): 0.65±0.06 vs. 0.79±0.02, all P < 0.01; BNP (ng/L): 432.53±32.03 vs. 478.46±44.79, P > 0.05]. A positive correlation was shown among IL-1β, IL-18, IL-6, hs-CRP, BNP, CK-MB, NLRP3, and caspase-1 (all P < 0.01). Conclusions EP can reduce inflammatory reaction by regulating the NLRP3 inflammatory signal pathways, and protect the myocardial injury. The protection of the heart by long-term EP is more obvious than that of short-term EP.

Background Minocycline possesses neuroprotective effect in a variety of animal models and clinical trials of central nervous system,but whether it works on optic nerve injury remains unclear.Objective This study aimed to observe the protective effects of minocycline on retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in the early stage of optic nerve crush and explore its mechanism.Methods One hundred and thirty-six clean C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into normal control group,normal saline solution group and minocycline group.The optic nerve crush injury models were induced in the left eyes of the mice in the normal saline solution group and minocycline group by a cross-action forceps for 3 seconds.Minocycline was injected intraperitoneally in the minocycline group firstly 45 mg/kg(0.4 ml) and followed by 22.5 mg/kg per day after 24 hours until sacrifice of the animals,and the equivalent volume of normal saline solution was injected in the same way in the normal saline solution group.The mice were euthanized at 4,7,11,14 days postoperatively and the left eyeballs were collected.Retinal flat mounts and DAPI staining was used to observe and compare the change of RGCs density among different groups and various time points.Apoptosis of mice RGCs were assessed by TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL).Real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR) was used to detect the expression of CD11b mRNA in retinal microglials.Results DAPI staining in retinal flat mounts showed that the average RGCs density was (77.50±2.38)/0.01 mm2 and (70.00±2.94) /0.01 mm2 in the 4th and 7th day after modeling in the normal saline solution group,and those in the minocycline group were (88.75 ± 2.36) /0.01 mm2 and (81.00 ± 3.92)/0.01 mm2,with significant differences between the two groups (t4d =-6.708,P＜0.01 ;t7d =--4.491,P＜0.01).The apoptotic RGCs were (12±1)/mm and (4±1)/mm in the normal saline solution,which were significantly more than (4±1)/mm and (1±0)/mm in the minocycline group (t4 d =12.832,P＜0.01 ; t7d =3.455,P =0.026).However,no significant difference was found in apoptotic RGCs in postoperative 11 days and 14 days between the normal saline solution group and the minocycline group (P =0.708,0.777).The expressing levels of CD11 b mRNA in the retinal microglials were significantly higher in the 4th and 7th day in the normal saline solution group than those in the minocycline group (t4 d =8.312,P＜0.01 ;t7d=5.407,P＜0.01),but were not significantly different in the 11st and 14th day after modeling between the two groups (P=0.055,0.170).Conclusions Minocycline can play a neuroprotective effect on RGCs in the early stage of optic nerve crush in mice by inhibiting microglia activation and decreasing RGCs apoptosis.

Objective To study the value of CT and MRI in the diagnosis of hepatocellular adenoma(HCA).Methods The comprehensive imaging features of HCA in 11 patients confirmed by pathology were analyzed retrospectively in our hospital.Results 11 patients presented with a total of 18 lesions, and plain CT showed low or slightly low density in all lesions, with irregular high density area in two lesions.The CT values of the lesions were significantly higher than in adjacent normal liver in the arterial phases(P<0.05).On T1WI, two lesions showed low or slightly low signal intensity, and 16 lesions showed slight hyperintensity.On T2WI, 14 lesions showed hyperintensity, and 4 lesions showed hypointensity.All lesions showed significant enhancement in arterial phase of dynamic enhanced scanning.Pseudocapsule enhancement was revealed in 17 lesions.For 18 lesions, ADC values were measured on DWI, and the ADC values of the lesions were higher than the value of surrounding normal liver parenchyma.Conclusion Dynamic contrast-enhanced CT combined with MRI and ADC value measurement can provide valuable information in diagnosis of HCA.

Objective To determine serum leptin levels and investigate its relatio nship with liver function, insulin resistance and nutritional parameters in pati ents with post-hepatitis liver cirrhosis. Methods Thirty-two ma le patients with post-hepatitis cirrhosis and fourteen male control subjects were enrolled in thi s study. Fasting blood samples were obtained, and serum leptin levels, fasting g lucose and insulin levels were determined in all subjects, and nutritional param e ters were determined in cirrhosis patients. The cirrhosis patients were divided into three groups according to Child-Pugh classification. Results Serum leptin l evels in male hepatic cirrhosis were significantly higher than those of healthy control. There was no significant difference in serum leptin levels among the th ree groups of patients with cirrhosis according to Child-Pugh classification. Se rum insulin levels in male cirrhosis were significantly higher than that of heal thy control. The insulin sensitivity index in cirrhotic patients was decreased c ompared with normal control group. Serum leptin levels in liver cirrhosis were s ignificantly correlated with BMI, TSF and fasting insulin levels, respectively ( r=0.343, 0.340 and 0.352, P